Search results for "epithelium"

Immunohistochemical localization of filaggrin in benign, premalignant and malignant cervical tissue.

1994

Epithelial distribution of filaggrin, a histidine-rich protein related to squamous terminal differentiation, was investigated in 87 cervical biopsies using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with a monoclonal anti-human filaggrin antibody (AKH1). Normal squamous cervical epithelium exhibited a positive homogeneous immunoperoxidase stain in the upper parabasal, intermediate and superficial cell layers. Similar findings were obtained in cervical condylomas, although full-thickness staining was observed in 35.7% of the cases (P < 0.001). Filaggrin expression in CIN was inversely related to the severity of the lesion (P < 0.001). An irregular staining pattern was present in most high-grade C…

Urothelial Leukoplakia: New Aspects of Etiology and Therapy

1987

AbstractWe describe 3 women in 1 family who had systemic urothelial leukoplakia with no underlying pathological condition of the urinary tract. Irritative clinical symptoms resolved, and the macroscopic and microscopic appearance improved after 6 months of therapy with sodium pentosan-polysulfate. Electron microscopy showed special cells in the basal layer of the cornified squamous epithelium that also have been found in the trigone of women with so-called squamous metaplasia. Their similarity to Merkel’s cells of the skin supports the theory that ectodermal cells are misplaced during embryogenesis. Genetic factors and sex hormones seem to influence the development of certain variants of sq…

Kinin receptor status in normal and inflammed gastric mucosa

1997

No documented studies have been reported on the presence of B1 and B2 kinin receptors in the mammalian gastric mucosa. This first study aimed to immunolocalise sites of B1 and B2 kinin receptors in the human pyloric gastric mucosa and to evaluate its role in gastritis. Biopsies were obtained from patients with dyspepsia during endoscopic examination of the patient. The diagnosis and grading of the gastritis was performed on histological examination. Sections were immunostained for both B1 and B2 receptors using rabbit anti-human B1 and B2 kinin receptor antibodies. Control tissue was obtained from partial gastrectomy specimens, following surgical excision of the antrum for duodenal ulcers. …

Heat shock protein-27 protects human bronchial epithelial cells against oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis: possible implication in asthma.

2002

Inflammation of the human bronchial epithelium, as observed in asthmatics, is characterized by the selective death of the columnar epithelial cells, which desquamate from the basal cells. Tissue repair initiates from basal cells that resist inflammation. Here, we have evaluated the extent of apoptosis as well as the Hsp27 level of expression in epithelial cells from bronchial biopsy samples taken from normal and asthmatic subjects. Hsp27 is a chaperone whose expression protects against oxidative stress. We report that in asthmatic subjects the basal epithelium cells express a high level of Hsp27 but no apoptotic morphology. In contrast, apoptotic columnar cells are devoid of Hsp27 expressio…

Pleural Mesothelial Cells Express Both BLT2 and PPARα and Mount an Integrated Response to Pleural Leukotriene B4

2008

Abstract Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) plays a crucial role in the recruitment of neutrophils into the pleural space. We identified for the first time the mechanisms by which LTB4 interacts with mesothelial cells and recruits neutrophils in the pleural compartment. Primary pleural mesothelial cells express both the proinflammatory receptor for LTB4 BLT2, and the anti-inflammatory receptor for LTB4, PPARα. Parapneumonic pleural effusions highly increase BLT2 expression and, via BLT2 activation, increase the adhesion between mesothelial cells and neutrophils and the expression of ICAM-1 on mesothelial cells. The block of PPARα further increases both cell adhesion and ICAM-1 expression. BLT2 activatio…

Characterization of an epithelial, nearly diploid liver cell strain, from Chinese hamster, able to activate promutagens

1987

Epithelial liver cells of the Chinese hamster (CHEL cells) were propagated in culture for 35 passages. At favourable cell densities, the population doubling time in normal medium, was 20 h. L-Tyrosine amino transferase activity was retained at a measurable level, but its enhancement by dexamethasone was detected solely in cells of early passages. Pyruvate kinase was strongly activated by fructose-1,6-biphosphate at low substrate concentrations. These enzymatic properties suggest that the CHEL cells are derived from a sub-population of parenchymal hepatocytes or from cells closely related to parenchymal hepatocytes. With a lag period of a few hours, CHEL cultures metabolized benzo[a]pyrene. …

GLP-2: What do we know? What are we going to discover?

2014

Glucagon-like peptide 2 [GLP-2] is a 33-amino acid peptide released from the mucosal enteroendocrine L-cells of the intestine. The actions of GLP-2 are transduced by the GLP-2 receptor [GLP-2R], which is localized in the neurons of the enteric nervous system but not in the intestinal epithelium, indicating an indirect mechanism of action. GLP-2 is well known for its trophic role within the intestine and interest in GLP-2 is now reviving based on the approval of the GLP-2R agonist for treatment of short bowel syndrome [SBS]. Recently it also seems to be involved in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this review is to outline the importance of neuroendocrine peptides, specifically of GLP-2 in th…

Development and in vitro Evaluation of Antigen-Loaded Poly(amidoamine) Nanoparticles for Respiratory Epithelium Applications

2013

A poly(amidoamine) with disulfide linkages in the main chain and 4-hydroxybutyl and ω-carboxy-PEG groups (9:1 ratio) as side chains was prepared by Michael addition polymerization of cystamine bisacrylamide with 4-hydroxybutylamine and ω-carboxy-PEG-amine. To develop therapeutic protein formulations for improved delivery of antigen via the intranasal route, nanoparticles were prepared from this polymer by self-assembly with p24 or ovalbumin as the model proteins and CpG as the adjuvant. The nanoparticles incorporated the antigens and adjuvant from the feed solution with high efficiency (∼90 %) and have sizes of 112 and 169 nm, respectively, with low positive surface charge (∼+2 mV). Formula…

Perinatal stem cells patents and applications: Regenerative medicine, tissue repair, immune modulation

2013

Peritoneal Cavity is a Route for Gut-Derived Microbial Signals to Promote Autoimmunity in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice

2015

Macrophages play a crucial role in innate immune reactions, and peritoneal macrophages (PMs) guard the sterility of this compartment mainly against microbial threat from the gut. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which gut microbiota and gut immune system appear to contribute to disease pathogenesis. We have recently reported elevated free radical production and increased permeability of gut epithelium in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Impaired barrier function could lead to bacterial leakage to the peritoneal cavity. To explore the consequences of impaired gut barrier function on extra-intestinal immune regulation, we characterized peritoneal lavage cells from young newly w…