Search results for "equity"
showing 10 items of 399 documents
On the Talmud Division: Equity and Robustness
2008
The Talmud Division is a very old method of sharin g developed by the rabbis in the Talmud and brought to the fore in the modern area s ome authors, among them are Aumann and Maschler. One compares the Talmud Division to other methods, mainly here the most popular, Aristotle's Proportional Division, but also to the equal division. The Talmud Division is more egalitarian than the Proportional Division for smal l levels of estate and conversely and it protects the weakest -those who cannot place a non-zero clai m-. This suggests that claimants may choose among the claiming methods depending on their interest, what implies a metagame. Unlike other methods as the Proportional Division, the Talm…
Equity in local health: participatory tool to assess physical and socioeconomic settings in Spain
2020
Abstract To address local health with a focus on equity and social determinants in a participative way, an intersectoral health analysis must be within reach, with the participation of citizens in every step of the process, as well as the support and commitment of policy-makers. Tools that allow collective evaluation of the people's places and organized data collection are also required. In June of 2019, the translation and transcultural adaptation of the Place Standard Tool, as well as its validation in two municipalities was launched to have available a Spanish tool to evaluate places focusing on equity and social determinants, including equity in all the phases of the assessment process …
Participation, equity and health policies at the local level: tools for their implementation
2020
Abstract Issue/problem In the Valencian Community, (a Spanish region with 5,000,000 inhabitants and 520 municipalities) a network of municipalities for health has been launched. Near 200 municipalities (70% population) have committed themselves to work taking into account health and equity in all policies that has to be decide and implemented in a participatory and intersectoral way. Each municipality organized a group formed by the councilors, technicians, and citizen associations related to the local policies. In order to help and guide in this policy process 2 tools were translated, adapted and tested in various municipalities. Description of the problem Describe the usefulness of two to…
Behavioral Health Theories, Equity, and Disparities in Global Health : A Basic Process Model
2020
Lack of participation in health-promoting behaviors and participation in behaviors that contribute to health risks have been linked to health disparities observed among individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. This chapter presents a basic process model to summarize the effects of socio-structural variables linked to health disparities – socioeconomic status, education, health literacy, ethnicity, and religiosity – on individuals’ beliefs and cognitions that determine behavior. Socio-structural characteristics were proposed to have a pervasive effect on individuals’ beliefs and other constructs from social cognition theories which impact their decisions to participate in prospective heal…
Differential Effect on the Determinants of the Late Payments According to the Economic Cycle
2018
From 2004 to 2007, the Spanish financial system grew at a very rapid rate. However, from 2008 to 2012 impairment losses amounted equivalent to 25% of Spanish GDP.The objective of this paper is investigate how have affected the main problems that have suffered the Spanish economy on the late payments on Spanish credit institutions. And to check whether the effect of these problems is different on stages of growth with respect to the stages of crisis.The main results, according the test Chow, confirmed that there is a structural break in the model in 2007. Also the increase in unemployment increases the late payments and this increase is greater in the stages of growth compared to the stage…
Sensitivity to befallen injustice and reactions to unfair treatment in a laboratory situation
1997
At Time 1, 171 students were administered questionnaires for measuring sensitivity to befallen injustice (SBI), trait anger, anger in, anger out, anger control, self-assertiveness, and attitudes toward principles of distributive justice (equality of chances, equity). Two months later (Time 2), 75 of these subjects were treated unfairly in a laboratory situation dealing with competition and achievement behavior. Two justice principles were violated: the equality of chances principle and the equity principle. Four weeks later (Time 3), 32 subjects evaluated the unfair treatment in retrospect. All three occasions were presented as independent studies with the subjects perceiving no connection …
Finland: Success Through Equity—The Trajectories in PISA Performance
2020
AbstractThe Finnish education system has gone through an exciting developmental path from a follower into a role model. Also on the two-decade history of PISA studies, Finland’s performance has provided years of glory as of the world’s top-performing nation, but also a substantial decline. This chapter examines Finland’s educational outcomes in recent PISA-study and the trends across previous cycles. Boys’ more unsatisfactory performance and the increasing effect of students’ socio-economic background are clear predictors of the declining trend, but they can explain it only partly. Some of the other possible factors are discussed.
Recensión: Ovejero, A. Autogestión en tiempos de crisis. Utilidad de las colectividades libertarias
2018
El libro propone desde la Psicología un aumento de las conductas prosociales enfocadas hacía la justicia, dignidad equidad y bien común y así superar la crisis económica actual. El autor muestra las colectividades españolas como referente para la situación actual. Los recensores conectan esta propuesta con la de Kohlberg para favorecer la construcción de una comunidad moral y una ciudadanía con autonomía moral.
Cognition and affect: A factors combination in clients dissatisfied with restaurants
2010
On the basis of an extensive literature review of the principal theories that explain consumer dissatisfaction, we try to analyse the effect of a set of cognitive and affective variables on dissatisfaction. Cognitive variables examined were performance, expectations, disconfirmation, causal attributions and inequity. Negative affects were considered as emotional variables. We developed an empirical research to examine customer dissatisfaction with restaurants. The results indicate that the best combination of variables to estimate dissatisfaction judgements is ‘performance–inequity–norms disconfirmation–attributions’. Therefore, dissatisfaction has a greater cognitive content because negati…
The Role of Equity Crowdfunding Campaigns in Shaping Firm Innovativeness: Evidence from Italy
2023
PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to the scientific debate concerning the impact of equity crowdfunding on the performance of crowdfunded firms after campaigning. To this aim, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of the campaign and the subsequent firm innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a quantitative research approach to evaluate if the entrepreneurial choices affecting the characteristics of the equity crowdfunding campaigns have an impact on the post-campaign firm innovativeness.FindingsThe results of the models show that the campaign characteristics have a direct impact on the firm innovativeness, both in te…