Search results for "equity"
showing 10 items of 399 documents
The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health
2005
Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene-nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need …
EXPLORATION, EXPLOITATION AND INCENTIVES TO INNOVATE: THE DISCIPLINING ROLE OF DEBT
2014
Extant research suggests that when compared to equity, debt financing is less conducive to innovation activities. In this paper we challenge this view by suggesting that although equity sustains innovation by allowing risk-taking and experimentation, it may also encourage the pursuit of exploration at the expense of exploitation. Under these circumstances, the stricter governance associated with debt becomes important as it stimulates managers to shift resources towards exploitation in order to mitigate risk and improve short-term pay-offs. In support of these arguments our empirical analysis shows that, while leverage has a negative impact on standard measures of innovation quantity and qu…
Whether an innovation act as a catalytic moderator between corporate social responsibility performance and stated owned and non‐state owned enterpris…
2021
The objective of the study is to signify the impact of corporate social responsibility performance on state‐owned and non‐state‐owned enterprises' performance. The contributive concept of CSR performance has been formulated while contemplating total tax, staff expenditure, public welfare expenditure, social cost and total equity. To contemplate with deep insight, the moderating role of innovation input and output has been substantiated through empirical results. The data of 502 listed companies on Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan has been endorsed for years 2009–2018. Empirical underpinnings reveal that corporate social responsibility performance boosts the non‐state‐owned ent…
Music festivals as mediators and their influence on consumer awareness
2020
Abstract Cultural products compete for public awareness in markets with high uncertainty, oversupply and a short product life cycle. Altogether, this means that only a small fraction of all releases generate the necessary consumer awareness to achieve a significant commercial success. This paper aims at identifying the informational function music festivals serve in cultural markets and how it translates into consumer discovery of cultural supply. To do so, we empirically measure informational spillover effects to performers at an established music festival. We hypothesize that this effect stems from the reputation attached to the brand equity of cultural organizations, is asymmetric, as it…
The Impact of CEO Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation Incentives on Economic Growth in Collectivist Versus Individualist Countries
2015
This study examines the impact of the prevalence of long-term equity-based CEO compensation incentives on GDP growth, and we address the moderating role of individualist versus collectivist cultures on this relationship. We argue long-term incentives given to CEOs in some firms may convey to other CEOs that they too may be able to receive such incentives and rewards if they emulate the incentivized and rewarded CEOs. In a longitudinal study across twenty-two nations over a five-year period, we find that when a higher proportion of CEOs in a country are awarded long-term equity-based incentive compensation, the greater future real GDP growth, particularly in collectivist countries.
The Love of Money, Satisfaction, and the Protestant Work Ethic: Money Profiles Among Univesity Professors in the U.S.A. and Spain
2004
This study tests the hypothesis that university professors (lecturers) (in the U.S. and Spain) with different money profiles (based on Factors Success, Budget, Motivator, Equity, and Evil of the Love of Money Scale) will differ in work-related attitudes and satisfaction. Results suggested that Achieving Money Worshipers (with high scores on Factors Success, Motivator, Equity, and Budget) had high income, Work Ethic, and high satisfaction with pay level, pay administration, and internal equity comparison but low satisfaction with external equity comparison. Careless Money Admirers (high Success but low Budget) had low intrinsic job satisfaction and low satisfaction with pay level and life. A…
El valor del establecimiento y su relación con la imagen de marca privada: efecto moderador del conocimiento de la marca privada como oferta propia d…
2013
ResumenEl presente trabajo plantea como objetivo conocer cómo afecta la imagen de marca privada a la formación del valor de marca del establecimiento; en el estudio de esta relación cobra especial consideración la posible influencia del conocimiento de la marca privada como oferta propia del establecimiento. Desde una perspectiva empírica, se analizan los establecimientos Decathlon, a partir de la opinión de 300 consumidores. Los resultados obtenidos en la investigación muestran la importancia de fortalecer una imagen de marca privada positiva y favorable, como medio para la construcción de una sólida imagen de la tienda que, a su vez, también repercute en la creación del valor del establec…
From NGOs to Banks: Does Institutional Transformation Alter the Business Model of Microfinance Institutions?
2017
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd In the microfinance industry an increasing number of providers are undergoing an institutional transformation from NGO to a shareholder-owned and typically regulated financial entity. Little is known about the extent to which this transformation affects the way microfinance institutions (MFIs) conduct their business. Our results obtained by applying an event study methodology to 66 transformed MFIs suggest that portfolio yield is driven down by 3.9 percentage points due to transformation, indicating that clients get more favorable interest rates. MFIs are able to significantly cut down their operational expenses, of which 1.1 percentage points can be attributed to transf…
Can re-regulation of the financial sector strike back public debt?
2015
This paper analyzes the impact of financial sector policy changes on the dynamics of public debt. Using a panel of 89 countries from 1973 to 2005, we find that while the implementation of (large) financial liberalisation policies significantly raises the public debt growth rate, the adoption of financial re-regulation measures leads to a mild reduction of public debt. Looking at the different typologies of financial sector policy changes, we show that stricter banking supervision, privatisations and restrictions to international capital flows contribute to a fast decline of the growth rate of public debt. In contrast, the removal of entry barriers and the elimination of interest rate contro…
Mapping disparities in education across low- and middle-income countries
2020
Educational attainment is an important social determinant of maternal, newborn, and child health1–3. As a tool for promoting gender equity, it has gained increasing traction in popular media, international aid strategies, and global agenda-setting4–6. The global health agenda is increasingly focused on evidence of precision public health, which illustrates the subnational distribution of disease and illness7,8; however, an agenda focused on future equity must integrate comparable evidence on the distribution of social determinants of health9–11. Here we expand on the available precision SDG evidence by estimating the subnational distribution of educational attainment, including the proporti…