Search results for "esclave"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
A Chain of Voices: A "Masters and Slaves" Narrative
2022
Because no less than thirty different narrators take turns to tell us the story of a slave revolt, A Chain of Voices can be read as Brink's attempt at revisiting the classical "slave narrative", turning it into a polyphonic "masters and slaves" narrative in which everyone is given a say. This article examines how this polyphonic, and even multifocal, mode of narration enables Brink to write back to both classical slave narratives and to their twentieth-century counterparts, the neo-slave narratives. What it suggests is that although A Chain of Voices bears many resemblances to neo-slave narratives in terms of form, especially because of its recourse to polyphony, it is also extremely close …
Le pantheon africain
2014
La conversion religieuse, poursuivie par des ordres religieux, des confréries visant cet objectif ainsi que par de “pieux patrons”, s’articule comme un puissant système d’intégration de l’esclave. Nous analyserons ici le cas d’Antoine l’Éthiopien (mort en 1549), corsaire, musulman, marié, capturé dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle dans les eaux d’Augusta et celui de Benoît le Maure (1524-1589), né en Sicile d’esclaves originaires d’Afrique centrale déjà chrétiens. Dans ces deux cas, l’adhésion au troisième ordre franciscain devient un instrument qui permet non seulement l’affranchissement mais encore l’accès à la gloire des autels. Bienheureux le premier, saint le seco…
L’invention de "l’ouvrier machine : esclave aliéné ou pure intelligence" au début de l’ère industrielle ?
2017
International audience
Les esclaves des tombes néolithiques
2010
International audience
La définition de la nation par la dialectique de la nationalité et de la citoyenneté dans les colonies françaises du XIXe siècle
2009
Nationalité et citoyenneté sont deux notions souvent confondues au XIXe siècle, en raison de l'utilisation du mot « citoyen » indifféremment pour désigner l'homme de la cité, le national ou le titulaire des droits politiques. Cette confusion se retrouve en particulier dans les textes régissant les statuts des habitants des colonies ; or, c'est par leur élaboration que s'est opérée la distinction : les colonisés sont des nationaux, mais tous ne sont pas citoyens. L'assimilation juridique dépend en réalité du jugement porté sur l'évaluation du degré de rattachement des colonisés aux valeurs métropolitaines et suppose une égale aptitude à vivre sous les mêmes lois. Il repose en outre sur une v…
La langue affrontée : voix intimes des domestiques dans The Cattle Killing de John Edgar Wideman
2017
The Cattle Killing traces the path a young Black itinerant preacher – a former slave reduced to vagrancy in plague-ridden 1793 Philadelphia. During his travels, he encounters Liam and Mrs. Stubbs, a Black man and a white woman, both former servants who have come from England where Liam was indentured to painter George Stubbs while his wife was Stubbs’ maid. They came to America in hope of a better life that would save them from ambiant racism. The preacher also meets Kathryn, a black woman serving the wife of a famous Abolitionnist, a Founding Father and enlightened humanist. Kathryn works as an amanuensis for her blind mistress and writes a diary the latter dictates. Yet the servant surrep…
Le combat de Victor Schoelcher contre la légalité de l'esclavage : l'abolition de 1848
2009
How has the French State been able to maintain slavery for more than fifty years after the Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen of 1789? The slave was considered, in a legal scope, not as a person but as a « movable », he was considered as an object that could be bought, sold, mutilated and tortured! Abolished for the first time in 1794, reinstated in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, slavery would definitively disappear in France only in 1848, thanks to Victor Schoelcher's (1804-1893) decisive action. This great humanist, by a tireless fight, managed to impose an immediate abolition – and not a progressive one as in Britain – showing that if this institution was certainly legal, it wa…
Victor Schoelcher, abolitionniste et républicain : approche juridique et politique de l'oeuvre d'un fondateur de la République
2000
The aim of this judicial and political analysis is to reveal Victor Schoelcher's decisive influence in the fight for equal rights and for the republic, in the French mainland as well as in its colonies. His well known fight against slavery was just a part of his humanist defense of the republican principles : Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. Schoelcher truly was a founder of the republic, taking part in the barricade insurrections against the 1851 coup and fighting against any kind of slavery or absolutism. His work addressed many aspects of our society, among which : - Slavery and the colonies (legal status of slaves, emancipated slaves and of the colonies) - Rights and liberties of men and …
Victor Schoelcher, un républicain acharné
1998
Le récit d’esclave africain-américain : réflexions sur une appellation générique
2015
What do we talk about when we talk about 'slave narratives?' African American slave narratives have been a staple of American literary studies over the past decades. The narratives of Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs and other ex-slaves have been recovered, anthologized and discussed by eminent critics such as Marion Wilson Starling, Henry Louis Gates Jr., Frances Smith Foster and William L. Andrews. For all its ubiquity, however, the generic label 'slave narrative' has been used in many different ways by specialists of African American literature. In this essay I argue that the systematic and sometimes uncritical use of the label has led to generalizations that limit our understanding of…