Search results for "face"

showing 10 items of 11436 documents

Review article: recommended reading list of early publications on atomic layer deposition - outcome of the "virtual Project on the History of ALD"

2017

Atomic layer deposition (ALD), a gas-phase thin film deposition technique based on repeated, self-terminating gas-solid reactions, has become the method of choice in semiconductor manufacturing and many other technological areas for depositing thin conformal inorganic material layers for various applications. ALD has been discovered and developed independently, at least twice, under different names: atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) and molecular layering. ALE, dating back to 1974 in Finland, has been commonly known as the origin of ALD, while work done since the 1960s in the Soviet Union under the name "molecular layering" (and sometimes other names) has remained much less known. The virtual proj…

semiconductor manufacturingThin filmsPatent literature2015 Nano TechnologyHOL - HolstLibrary scienceNanotechnology02 engineering and technologydeposition01 natural sciencesPoster presentationsAtomic layer deposition0103 physical sciencesAtomic layer epitaxy[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReading listPatentsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSgas-solid reaction010302 applied physicsTS - Technical SciencesIndustrial Innovationinorganic materialPhysicsAtomic layer depositionSilicaSurfaces and InterfacesatomikerroskasvatusAtomic layer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicshistory of technologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsALD0210 nano-technologySoviet unionAtomic layer epitaxial growthEpitaxyJournal of Vacuum Science and Technology A
researchProduct

A comprehensive guide to the physics and usage of PYTHIA 8.3

2022

This manual describes the PYTHIA 8.3 event generator, the most recent version of an evolving physics tool used to answer fundamental questions in particle physics. The program is most often used to generate high-energy-physics collision "events", i.e. sets of particles produced in association with the collision of two incoming high-energy particles, but has several uses beyond that. The guiding philosophy is to produce and reproduce properties of experimentally obtained collisions as accurately as possible. The program includes a wide ranges of reactions within and beyond the Standard Model, and extending to heavy ion physics. Emphasis is put on phenomena where strong interactions play a ma…

showers [parton]numeeriset menetelmätnew physicskäsikirjatFOS: Physical scienceshiukkasfysiikkamanualprogrammingheavy ionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentMonte Carlo -menetelmätHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)PYTHIAquantum chromodynamicsalgoritmitinterfacekvanttiväridynamiikkaohjelmointinumerical calculationsMonte Carlo
researchProduct

Deep-learning based reconstruction of the shower maximum X max using the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

The atmospheric depth of the air shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ is an observable commonly used for the determination of the nuclear mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Direct measurements of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ are performed using observations of the longitudinal shower development with fluorescence telescopes. At the same time, several methods have been proposed for an indirect estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$ from the characteristics of the shower particles registered with surface detector arrays. In this paper, we present a deep neural network (DNN) for the estimation of $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. The reconstruction relies on the signals induced by shower particles in the groun…

showers: energylongitudinal [showers]interaction: modelPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyCalibration and fitting methods; Cluster finding; Data analysis; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle identification methods; Pattern recognition01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentAugerHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Particle identification methodscluster findingsurface [detector]ObservatoryLarge detector systemsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEPhysicsPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodsPhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalemodel [interaction]DetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsData analysicalibration and fitting methodsenergy [showers]AugerobservatoryPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodastroparticle physicsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaatmosphere [showers]airneural networkAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaUHE [cosmic radiation]Data analysisFOS: Physical sciences610Cosmic raydetector: fluorescencePattern recognition0103 physical sciencesddc:530High Energy Physicsddc:610[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]cosmic radiation: UHEstructureparticle physicsnetwork: performance010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Ciencias ExactasCherenkov radiationfluorescence [detector]Pierre Auger ObservatoryCalibration and fitting methodsmass spectrum [nucleus]showers: atmospheredetector: surfacehep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsCluster findingFísicaresolutioncalibrationComputational physicsperformance [network]Cherenkov counterAir showerLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentnucleus: mass spectrumshowers: longitudinalRAIOS CÓSMICOSEnergy (signal processing)astro-ph.IM
researchProduct

Visible luminescence of nanosilica: slow and fast contributions

2010

silica nanoparticleluminescencesurface defects
researchProduct

Bright blue emission of synthesized silica nanoparticles conferred by surface defects

2013

silica nanoparticles luminescence surface defects
researchProduct

Temperature-responsive hybrid nanomaterials based on modified halloysite nanotubes uploaded with silver nanoparticles

2022

New temperature-responsive hybrid nanomaterials based on modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) containing grafted polymer brushes with silver nanoparticles have been successfully fabricated. We used a three steps process including synthesis of the initiating coatings onto HNTs surface, fabrication of the POEGMA – poly(oligo(ethylene glycol)ethyl ether methacrylate) grafted brushes and synthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The synthesis and properties of hybrid nanomaterials were studied by FT-IR, TGA and DLS methods. It is shown that the introduction of AgNPs, formed from 0.005 M AgNO3 solution leads to a significant reduction of low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polym…

silver nanoparticlesColloid and Surface ChemistryHalloysite nanotubesHybrid nanomaterialshalloysite nanotubestemperature-responsive polymer brusheshybrid nanomaterialsSilver nanoparticlesTemperature-responsive polymer brushesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
researchProduct

Localized surface plasmon resonance in silver nanoparticles: Atomistic first-principles time-dependent density-functional theory calculations

2015

We observe using ab initio methods that localized surface plasmon resonances in icosahedral silver nanoparticles enter the asymptotic region already between diameters of 1 and 2 nm, converging close to the classical quasistatic limit around 3.4 eV. We base the observation on time-dependent density-functional theory simulations of the icosahedral silver clusters Ag$_{55}$ (1.06 nm), Ag$_{147}$ (1.60 nm), Ag$_{309}$ (2.14 nm), and Ag$_{561}$ (2.68 nm). The simulation method combines the adiabatic GLLB-SC exchange-correlation functional with real time propagation in an atomic orbital basis set using the projector-augmented wave method. The method has been implemented for the electron structure…

silver nanoparticlesMaterials scienceta221Ab initioFOS: Physical sciencesMetal nanoparticlesMolecular physicsAtomic orbitalTime-dependent density functional theorySurface plasmon resonanceta116ta218Basis setPlasmonCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta214ta114Condensed matter physicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Time-dependent density functional theoryCondensed Matter PhysicsNanoshellElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPlasmonicssurface plasmon resonanceLocalized surface plasmonPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Pulicaria glutinosa Extract: A Toolbox to Synthesize Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposites

2015

A green, one-step approach for the preparation of graphene/Ag nanocomposites (PE-HRG-Ag) via simultaneous reduction of both graphene oxide (GRO) and silver ions using Pulicaria glutinosa plant extract (PE) as reducing agent is reported. The plant extract functionalizes the surfaces of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG) which helps in conjugating the Ag NPs to HRG. Increasing amounts of Ag precursor enhanced the density of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on HRG. The preparation of PE-HRG-Ag nanocomposite is monitored by using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The as-prepared PE-HRG-Ag nanocomposities display excellent surfac…

silver nanoparticlesSilverMaterials scienceReducing agentAnalytical chemistryOxideSpectrum Analysis RamanArticleCatalysisSilver nanoparticlePulicariasurface enhance Raman scattering (SERS)law.inventionlcsh:ChemistryInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundMicroscopy Electron TransmissionlawnanocompositesGraphitePhysical and Theoretical Chemistrylcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopyNanocompositebiologyPlant ExtractsGraphenegrapheneOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPulicariaComputer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999chemistryplant extractsymbolsGraphiteSpectrophotometry UltravioletRaman spectroscopyNuclear chemistryInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
researchProduct

Suomalaisten musiikkiartistien markkinointitavat Facebookissa : sisällönanalyysi viiden artistin Facebook-päivityksistä

2014

Työn tarkoituksena oli selvittää, millaista markkinointia suomalaiset artistit käyttävät Facebookissa. Lisäksi selvi-tettiin, onko markkinointiviestintä tutkittavien artistien kohdalla kommunikoivaa. Kolmanneksi tarkoituksena oli tarkastella, toimivatko artistien päivitykset markkinoinnin osana vai onko niillä jokin muu tarkoitus. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostui viiden suomalaisen artistin puolen vuoden Facebook-päivityksistä sekä kaikesta artistien Facebook-sivuilla tapahtuneesta viestinnästä ja kommunikaatiosta yhden kuukauden ajalta. Ai-neistoa tarkasteltiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin markkinoinnin näkökulmasta. Tutkimus osoitti, että suomalaiset artistit käyttivät Facebookissa useita eri ma…

sisällönanalyysiartistitlaulajatFacebookmarkkinointisosiaalinen mediaviihdetaiteilijatmarkkinointiviestintätähteys
researchProduct

Maturation of Epidermal Langerhans Cells In Vitro Is Accompanied by Downregulation of 4F2 (CD98) as Determined by Differential Display

1998

Following short-term culture, Langerhans cells mature morphologically and functionally into potent immunostimulatory cells. As regulation of gene expression accompanies this maturation process, it is likely that differentially expressed genes are involved in the maturation events. Using the recently described method of differential display, we generated cDNA expression patterns starting with mRNA of murine epidermal Langerhans cells isolated either directly (fLC) or following 3 d cultivation (cLC). Five hundred putative differentially expressed cDNA fragments were recovered from the gel. For a part of the fragments differential expression was confirmed by dot blot and Southern hybridization…

skinLangerhans cellDNA ComplementaryDown-RegulationFusion Regulatory Protein-1GrowthDermatologyBiologyBiochemistryMiceDownregulation and upregulationAntigens CDComplementary DNAmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerCloning Moleculardifferential gene expressionGeneMolecular BiologySouthern blotRegulation of gene expressionJNK2Differential displayMice Inbred BALB Cepidermal cellsGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell BiologyMolecular biologyMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureGenesCell cultureLangerhans CellsAntigens SurfaceCarrier ProteinsSequence AnalysisJournal of Investigative Dermatology
researchProduct