Search results for "fields"

showing 10 items of 575 documents

Cross section measurements of high-p(T) dilepton final-state processes using a global fitting method

2008

We present a new method for studying high-$p_T$ dilepton events ($e^{\pm}e^{\mp}$, $\mu^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}$, $e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}$) and simultaneously extracting the production cross sections of $p\bar{p} \to t\bar{t}$, $p\bar{p} \to W^+W^-$, and $p\bar{p} \to \ztt$ at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV. We perform a likelihood fit to the dilepton data in a parameter space defined by the missing transverse energy and the number of jets in the event. Our results, which use $360 {\rm pb^{-1}}$ of data recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, are $\sigma(t\bar{t}) = 8.5_{-2.2}^{+2.7}$ pb, $\sigma(W^+W^-) = 16.3^{+5.2}_{-4.4}$ pb, and $\sigma(\ztt) =291^{+50}_…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGlobal fittingFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2State (functional analysis)Astronomy & Astrophysics;; Physics Particles & Fields01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)CrystallographyTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY0103 physical sciences_High Energy Physics::ExperimentProduction (computer science)010306 general physicsEnergy (signal processing)Bar (unit)Lepton
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Timing of the 2008 outburst of SAX J1808.4–3658 with XMM-Newton: a stable orbital-period derivative over ten years

2009

We report on a timing analysis performed on a 62-ks long XMM-Newton observation of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 during the latest X-ray outburst that started on September 21, 2008. By connecting the time of arrivals of the pulses observed during the XMM observation, we derived the best-fit orbital solution and a best-fit value of the spin period for the 2008 outburst. Comparing this new set of orbital parameters and, in particular, the value of the time of ascending-node passage with the orbital parameters derived for the previous four X-ray outbursts of SAX J1808.4-3658 observed by the PCA on board RXTE, we find an updated value of the orbital period derivative, which …

PhysicsOrbital elementsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesSecular evolutionAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsDerivativeOrbital periodstars: neutron stars: magnetic fields X-rays: binaries X-rays: individuals: SAX J1808.4-3658Astrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesLuminosityNeutron starSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics
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One-Particle Measurement of the Antiproton Magnetic Moment

2013

\DeclareRobustCommand{\pbar}{\HepAntiParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\p}{\HepParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mup}{$\mu_{p}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mupbar}{$\mu_{\pbar}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\muN}{$\mu_N${}{}\xspace For the first time a single trapped \pbar is used to measure the \pbar magnetic moment ${\bm\mu}_{\pbar}$. The moment ${\bm\mu}_{\pbar} = \mu_{\pbar} {\bm S}/(\hbar/2)$ is given in terms of its spin ${\bm S}$ and the nuclear magneton (\muN) by $\mu_{\pbar}/\mu_N = -2.792\,845 \pm 0.000\,012$. The 4.4 parts per million (ppm) uncertainty is 680 times smaller than previously realized. Comparing to the proton moment measured using…

PhysicsParticle physicsProtonMagnetic momentAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsOther Fields of PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic PhysicsCrystallographyAntiproton0103 physical sciencesddc:550010306 general physicsNuclear magneton
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Synchronized rotation in swarms of magnetotactic bacteria.

2017

Self-organizing behavior has been widely reported in both natural and artificial systems, typically distinguishing between temporal organization (synchronization) and spatial organization (swarming). Swarming has been experimentally observed in systems of magnetotactic bacteria under the action of external magnetic fields. Here we present a model of ensembles of magnetotactic bacteria in which hydrodynamic interactions lead to temporal synchronization in addition to the swarming. After a period of stabilization during which the bacteria form a quasiregular hexagonal lattice structure, the entire swarm begins to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotation of the magnetic …

PhysicsPeriodicityMagnetotactic bacteriaRotationMovementSwarming (honey bee)Swarm behaviourRotationBacterial Physiological Phenomena01 natural sciencesModels BiologicalQuantitative Biology::Cell Behavior010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldMagnetic Fields0103 physical sciencesArtificial systemsHydrodynamicsHexagonal latticeComputer SimulationTemporal organization010306 general physicsBiological systemPhysical review. E
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Photospheric response to an ellerman bomb-like event—an analogy of Sunrise/IMaX observations and MHD simulations

2017

S. Danilovic et. al.

PhysicsPhotosphere010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesphotosphere [Sun]Event (relativity)photometric [Techniques]Sun: photosphereAnalogyAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesmagnetic fields [Sun]Sun: activitySpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesSunriseactivity [Sun]MagnetohydrodynamicsSun: magnetic fields010303 astronomy & astrophysicsChromosphereTechniques: photometric0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Kinematics of Magnetic Bright Features in the Solar Photosphere

2016

S. Jafarzadeh et. al.

PhysicsPhotospherephotosphere [Sun]FOS: Physical sciencesSun: photosphereAstronomy and AstrophysicsSolar photosphereAstrophysicsKinematics01 natural sciencesMethods observationalmagnetic fields [Sun]Methods: observationalAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsobservational [Methods]010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSun: magnetic fieldsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
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On the dynamics of confined particles: a laser test

2017

Reduced dimensionality systems (RDS) are materials extending along one or two dimensions much more than the other(s). The degrees of freedom of the small dimension are not explored by the electrons since their energy is very large. The time dependent wave function of a particle in a short nanotube, taken as a paradigm of the RDS family, is calculated by solving the Klein–Gordon equation; the confining condition produces a small change in the mass of the particles and of the energy levels. These changes are of relativistic origin and therefore small, but can be measured by use of a weak resonant laser field which produces cumulative effects in the time development of the wave function. The s…

PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)ElectronLaser01 natural sciencesComputational physicslaw.invention010309 opticslawQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesreduced dimensionality systems strong fieldsParticle010306 general physicsSpectroscopyWave functionInstrumentationCurse of dimensionality
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Magnetic dipole with a flexible tail as a self-propelling microdevice.

2012

By numerical simulations, it is illustrated that a magnetic dipole with a flexible tail behaves as a swimmer in AC magnetic fields. The behavior of the swimmer on long time scales is analyzed and it is shown that due to the flexibility of the tail two kinds of torques arise, the first is responsible for the orientation of the swimmer perpendicularly to the AC field and the second drags the filament in the direction of the rotating field. Due to this, circular trajectories of the swimmer are possible; however, these are unstable. The self-propulsion velocity of this swimmer is higher than the velocities of other magnetic microdevices for comparable values of the magnetoelastic number.

PhysicsPhysics::Biological PhysicsFlexibility (anatomy)MiniaturizationField (physics)MechanicsEquipment DesignRoboticsQuantitative Biology::OtherQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorMagnetic fieldProtein filamentEquipment Failure AnalysisMagneticsMotionmedicine.anatomical_structureMagnetic FieldsOrientation (geometry)medicinePerpendicularTorqueMagnetic dipolePhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Resolution of Single Spin Flips of a Single Proton

2013

The spin magnetic moment of a single proton in a cryogenic Penning trap was coupled to the particle's axial motion with a superimposed magnetic bottle. Jumps in the oscillation frequency indicate spin-flips and were identified using a Bayesian analysis.

PhysicsProtonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsOscillationProton magnetic momentResolution (electron density)Other Fields of PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPenning trap01 natural sciencesIon trappingPhysics - Atomic PhysicsSpin magnetic moment0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsSpin-½Physical Review Letters
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Reexamination of the Power Spectrum in De Sitter Inflation

2008

4 pages, 1 table.-- PACS nrs.: 98.80.Cq, 04.62.+v.-- PMID: 18999735 [PubMed].

PhysicsQuantum field theory in curved spacetime010308 nuclear & particles physicsVacuum stateGeneral Physics and AstronomySpectral densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsInflaton01 natural sciences[PACS] Quantum fields in curved spacetimeMassless particleGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyAmplitude[PACS] Particle-theory and field-theory models of the early UniverseDe Sitter universeQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantum fluctuationPhysical Review Letters
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