Search results for "finances"
showing 10 items of 1041 documents
Forecast Output Coincidence and Biproportion: Two Criteria to Determine the Orientation of an Economy. Comparison for France (1980-1997)
2002
International audience; The method of forecast output coincidence used to determine if sectors are demand-sided or supply-sided in an input-output framework mixes two effects, the structural effect (choosing between demand and supply side models) and the effect of an exogenous factor (final demand or added-value). The note recalls that another method is possible, the comparison of the stability of technical and allocation coefficients, generalized by the biproportional filter: if for a sector, after biproportional filtering, column coefficients are more stable than row coefficients, then this sector is declared as not supply-sided (but one cannot decide that it is demand-sided anyway), and …
The variations of technical and allocation coefficients : are they comparable really ?
1995
Two great alternative hypothesis are possible in the analysis input-output : the model may be demand-driven (Leontief) or supply-driven (Ghosh). To test the consistency of these hypotheses on the long term, this paper studies the interest of proportional filters (comparison of column or row coefficients) and the interest of the biproportional filter for the temporalcomparison of input-output matrices. An application is proposed for France between 1980 and 1993. The result is the following : in the long period, there are more sectors supply-driven than demand-driven (i.e. row coefficients are less variable than column coefficients for the majority of the sectors). (FRE) Deux grandes hypothès…
A biproportional filter to compare technical and allocation coefficient variations
1997
International audience; In input-output analysis there are two alternate possibilities between Leontief's mechanism (fixed technical coefficients) and Ghosh's mechanism (fixed allocation coefficients). Testing the long term consistency of these mechanisms entails comparing input-output matrices over time. This paper challenges the value of proportional filters (separate comparison of column and row coefficients) and introduces the biproportional filter which allows simultaneous comparison of column and rows. An application is proposed using French input-output tables for 1980 and 1993. The stability of column coefficients cannot be taken for granted and generally, for any sector, both rows …
About the criteria of output coincidence for forecasts to determine the orientation of the economy (application for France, 1980-1997)
2000
This note indicates that the method of output coincidence for forecasts used to determine if sectors are demand-driven or supply-driven in an input-output framework mixes two effects, the structural effect (choosing between demand and supply driven models) and the effect of an exogenous factor (final demand or added-value). The note recalls that another method is possible, the comparison of the stability of technical and allocation coefficients, generalized by the biproportional filter: if for a sector, after biproportional filtering, column coefficients are more stable than row coefficients, then this sector is declared as not supply-driven (but one cannot decide that it is demand-driven a…
Territorial tripolarization in Bolivia : genesis and current situation
2012
The Bolivian urban system is outstanding : three major cities concentrate about half of the nation’s population and employment. Their territories’ trajectories lead us to question their economic role in the face of the successful economic achievement of Potosi and Tarija, territories well endowed in natural resources. We wanted to highlight the Bolivian current territorial tripolarization, firstly by studying its emergence, through the study of their economical history; secondly, by investigating the most recent economical data in order to display the strengths and weaknesses of this tripolarized system. Each component of the tripole is situated in a different geographical setting. In the W…
The Bologna Process in France : Origin, Objectives and Implementation
2008
05010; In this paper, we will try to show why the evolution of the French higher education system has led to a deadlock and a deteriorating ranking on the world scene, how the new scheme has been effectively and rapidly adopted, but unfortunately, why this adoption has failed to achieve the initial objectives of transforming the French system into a more competitive one.
Éléments de réflexion sur les impacts économiques du réchauffement climatique sur la filière vitivinicole en Bourgogne.
2007
Actes:CD-Rom et en ligne sur http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/chaireunesco-vinetculture/Actes%20clima/Actes/Actes.htm; Les différentes conséquences des modifications climatiques ont des aspectséconomiques sur la filière vitivinicole particulièrement complexes et extrêmement variablesselon les régions et les vignobles à travers le monde. En Bourgogne, quatre cépages (aligoté,chardonnay, gamay, pinot noir essentiellement), aux réactions spécifiques, sontparticulièrement concernés.La difficulté de l'analyse (puis de l'évaluation dans une étape ultérieure) tient àl'existence d'une multitude de situations spécifiques que l'on se propose de commencer àcaractériser ici. La réflexion proposée n'est qu'une…
Les spécificités des comités stratégiques et de leurs membres : le cas de la France
2006
National audience
Les effets du CICE sur l'emploi, les salaires et la R&D: une évaluation ex post
2017
Le Crédit d’Impôt pour la Compétitivité et l’Emploi est l’une des mesures phare du quinquennat de François Hollande. Mis en œuvre à partir de 2013, ce dispositif consiste en un crédit d’impôt d’un montant de 4 % de la masse salariale (6% en 2014) pour tous les salaires jusqu’à 2,5 Smic. Il s’agit d’un dispositif massif pour un coût budgétaire estimé à 11,2 milliards d’euros en 2013. L’objet de cette étude est de proposer une évaluation ex post des effets de ce dispositif sur l’emploi, les salaires et un ensemble d’autres variables caractérisant les réactions des entreprises au crédit d’impôt, notamment leurs marges et leurs comportement d’investissement. Elle repose sur l’exploitation d’un …
Qui contrôle le canal de distribution ?
2017
National audience