Search results for "fluid"
showing 10 items of 5513 documents
Prédiction de cycle et stratégie de gestion énergétique basée sur une méthode d’optimisation globale
2017
International audience; La nécessité de prédire le cycle de conduite d’un automobiliste afin d’améliorer sa gestion énergétique et ainsi réduire la consommation de carburant a été démontré (Debert, Quigley). Dès lors, il serait aisé d’appliquer une méthode d’optimisation globale, telle que la Programmation Dynamique (DP en anglais), pour obtenir la stratégie optimale. Cette méthode est déjà utilisée dans de nombreuses applications (Sciarretta), mais au quotidien nombreux sont les facteurs environnants qui peuvent perturber les conditions de circulation (météo, travaux, accidents....) et impacter le cycle de conduite. Il est donc nécessaire d’élaborer une stratégie adaptative en temps réel. …
The Numerical Challenges in Multiphysical Modeling of Laser Welding with ALE
2018
International audience
Expansion dynamics of the plasma plume formed by the impact of a nanosecond Nd : YAG laser beam on metallic surface under atmospheric conditions : ex…
2010
Laser ablation in the air at atmospheric pressure is nowadays frequently applied in industry, chemical analysis, surgery… For a further development of laser ablation based technologies, it is necessary to better understand the laser – matter interaction. During the impact of a laser pulse on the surface of the treated material, a plasma plume forms above the target surface. This plume contains particles (electrons, ions, atoms) of ablated matter, as well as of ambient gas, if present. During the laser pulse, this plume absorbs a large amount of the laser beam energy, thus reducing the quantity of the laser radiation arriving to the target surface. Dimensions, as well as parameters of this p…
Rapid Compression Machine. 2013.
2013
A rapid compression machine is a type of ideal internal combustion reactor which is well suited for gas phase kinetics studies and physical processes of combustion. These studies consist in recording the evolution of the reactivity and of the composition of the reacting mixtures as a function of temperature, pressure, residence time and the composition of the compressed mixture. Pressure measurement is used to analyse the evolution of the combustion process, but more recent studies couple pressure measurement with optical diagnostics in order to assess the homogeneity of the combustion process. Speciation based on rapid sampling of the intermediates formed, during the oxidation of the fuel,…
Caractéristiques des réactions endothermiques d'interface
1981
The knowledge of the different thermodynamic states of an evaporative interface leads us to propose a formulation of the evolution laws (evaporation rate vs pressure) adapted to each regime (interfacial equilibrium or non equilibrium). Starting from fluid dynamics and irreversible thermodynamics, the model is able to determine the interface flux-forces relations which express the transport coefficients and the thermodynamic coupling effects. The theoretical results are compared to experimental data relative to water evaporation al T =313 K. Taking into account the different regimes arising for the deviation from equilibrium, the model reproduces quantitatively the experimental kinetic curve…
Caractéristiques des réactions endothermiques d'interface. Recherche des états thermodynamiques d'interface en relation avec les écarts à l'équilibre…
1981
International audience; L'endothermicité de la vaporisation peut donner des propriétés particulières à l'interface. L'exploration de la carte thermique du système associée à un modèle permet d'accéder aux profils thermiques dans chaque phase et d'établir les températures à l'interface; ses différents états thermodynamiques sont en relation avec l'écart à l'équilibre du système : équilibre interfacial près de l'équilibre, puis apparition d'une discontinuité de température, enfin déséquilibre de température et de potentiel chimique.
Rôle du flux thermique à l'interface dans l'interprétation de l'effet Smith Topley
1975
International audience
Evaporation d'un liquide sous pression contrôlée de sa vapeur, présentation d'un modèle d'échange thermique à l'interface (Actes)
1975
International audience
Fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes at baseline in some chronic and acute clinical conditions: revi…
2016
Abstract. Objective: In this mini-review we describe the behavior of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) membrane fluidity and of PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in some chronic and acute clinical conditions. Methods: PMN membrane fluidity was evaluated employing the fluorescent probe Fura-2AM, and PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was evaluated using the fluorescent probe TMA-DPH. Results: From the determination of these two parameters investigated on resting PMNs, an almost constant increase in PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in chronic clinical conditions, such as vascular atherosclerotic disease with and without diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and diabe…
Adenovirus E1A/E1B Transformed Amniotic Fluid Cells Support Human Cytomegalovirus Replication.
2015
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replicates to high titers in primary human fibroblast cell cultures. A variety of primary human cells and some tumor-derived cell lines do also support permissive HCMV replication, yet at low levels. Cell lines established by transfection of the transforming functions of adenoviruses have been notoriously resistant to HCMV replication and progeny production. Here, we provide first-time evidence that a permanent cell line immortalized by adenovirus type 5 E1A and E1B (CAP) is supporting the full HCMV replication cycle and is releasing infectious progeny. The CAP cell line had previously been established from amniotic fluid cells which were likely derived from…