Search results for "functional"

showing 10 items of 4822 documents

Time Trends in the Joint Distributions of Income and Age

2001

We propose a method of analyzing time changes of joint income-age densities. Change is decomposed into time invariant components which act on the densities as deformations with time varying strength. The functional form of these components is estimated non parametrically from cross sectional data. The method is applied to analyze British household data on income and age for the years 1968–95. It is learned that for the young and middle aged there is a trend towards increasing inequality, while during the early eighties there seems to occur a reversal in the evolution of the income distribution for the old.

Time changesFunctional principal component analysisCross-sectional dataInequalityIncome distributionJoint probability distributionTime trendsmedia_common.quotation_subjectEconometricsJoint (geology)Mathematicsmedia_common
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Distributed Consensus for Discrete-Time Directed Networks of Multiagents with Time-Delays and Random Communication Links

2013

Published version of an article in the journal: Abstract and Applied Analysis. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/158731 Open Access This paper is concerned with the leader-following consensus problem in mean-square for a class of discrete-time multiagent systems. The multiagent systems under consideration are the directed and contain arbitrary discrete time-delays. The communication links are assumed to be time-varying and stochastic. It is also assumed that some agents in the network are well informed and act as leaders, and the others are followers. By introducing novel Lyapunov functionals and employing some new analytical techniques, sufficient conditi…

Time delaysClass (set theory)Mathematical optimizationArticle Subjectlcsh:MathematicsApplied MathematicsMulti-agent systemlcsh:QA1-939Computer Science::Multiagent SystemsDiscrete time and continuous timeConsensusLyapunov functionalControl theoryVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Matematikk: 410::Analyse: 411State (computer science)AnalysisMathematicsAbstract and Applied Analysis
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Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Robust Delay-Dependent $H_{\infty}$ Control of Uncertain Time-Delay Systems With Mixed Neutral, D…

2011

The problem of robust mode-dependent delayed state feedback H∞ control is investigated for a class of uncertain time-delay systems with Markovian switching parameters and mixed discrete, neutral, and distributed delays. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory, new required sufficient conditions are established in terms of delay-dependent linear matrix inequalities for the stochastic stability and stabilization of the considered system using some free matrices. The desired control is derived based on a convex optimization method such that the resulting closed-loop system is stochastically stable and satisfies a prescribed level of H∞ performance, simultaneously. Finally, two numer…

Time delaysMarkov processDelay dependentsymbols.namesakeHardware and ArchitectureRobustness (computer science)Control theoryConvex optimizationsymbolsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRobust controlMarkovian switchingFunctional theoryMathematicsIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
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First-principles modelling for time-resolved ARPES under different pump-probe conditions

2021

First-principles methods for time-resolved angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy play a pivotal role in providing interpretation and microscopic understanding of the complex experimental data and in exploring novel observables or observation conditions that may be achieved in future experiments. Here we describe an efficient, reliable and scalable first-principles method for tr-ARPES based on time-dependent density functional theory including propagation and surface effects usually discarded in the widely used many-body techniques based on computing the non-equilibrium spectral function and discuss its application to a variety of pump–probe conditions. We identify four conditions, dep…

Time-resolved angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceRadiationMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTheoretical spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsComputational methods for excitation in solids0103 physical sciencesTime-dependent density functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpectroscopy
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Simulating pump-probe photo-electron and absorption spectroscopy on the attosecond time-scale with time-dependent density-functional theory

2013

Molecular absorption and photoelectron spectra can be efficiently predicted with real-time time-dependent density functional theory. We show herein how these techniques can be easily extended to study time-resolved pump-probe experiments, in which a system response (absorption or electron emission) to a probe pulse is measured in an excited state. This simulation tool helps with the interpretation of fast-evolving attosecond time-resolved spectroscopic experiments, in which electronic motion must be followed at its natural timescale. We show how the extra degrees of freedom (pump-pulse duration, intensity, frequency, and time delay), which are absent in a conventional steady-state experimen…

Time-resolved spectroscopyTime FactorsAbsorption spectroscopyAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)AttosecondAttosecond dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesPump probesingle-molecule studies01 natural sciencestime-resolved spectroscopySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPhysics - Atomic PhysicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesPhysics - Atomic and Molecular ClustersLaser spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsSpectroscopyPhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)010304 chemical physicsEuropean researchab initio calculationsPhotoelectron SpectroscopySingle-molecule studiesattosecond dynamicsTime-dependent density functional theoryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics - Plasma PhysicsPlasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopylaser spectroscopyQuantum TheoryAtomic physicsTime-resolved spectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
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A mechanically based approach to non-local beam theories

2011

A mechanically based non-local beam theory is proposed. The key idea is that the equilibrium of each beam volume element is attained due to contact forces and long-range body forces exerted, respectively, by adjacent and non-adjacent volume elements. The contact forces result in the classical Cauchy stress tensor while the long-range forces are modeled as depending on the product of the interacting volume elements, their relative displacement and a material-dependent distance-decaying function. To derive the beam equilibrium equations and the pertinent mechanical boundary conditions, the total elastic potential energy functional is used based on the Timoshenko beam theory. In this manner, t…

Timoshenko beam theoryPhysicsBody forceNon-local elasticityCauchy stress tensorMechanical EngineeringElastic energyTotal elastic potential energy functionalCondensed Matter PhysicsContact forceLong-range interactionTimoshenko beam theoryClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsMechanics of MaterialGeneral Materials ScienceMaterials Science (all)Boundary value problemVolume elementBeam (structure)Civil and Structural EngineeringInternational Journal of Mechanical Sciences
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Smooth surjections and surjective restrictions

2017

Given a surjective mapping $f : E \to F$ between Banach spaces, we investigate the existence of a subspace $G$ of $E$, with the same density character as $F$, such that the restriction of $f$ to $G$ remains surjective. We obtain a positive answer whenever $f$ is continuous and uniformly open. In the smooth case, we deduce a positive answer when $f$ is a $C^1$-smooth surjection whose set of critical values is countable. Finally we show that, when $f$ takes values in the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^n$, in order to obtain this result it is not sufficient to assume that the set of critical values of $f$ has zero-measure.

TopologíaPure mathematicsmetric spaces46B80 46T20General Mathematicssmooth surjective mappingBanach spacesurjective restrictionnonlinear quotient01 natural sciencesfunctional analysisSurjective functionuniformly open mapMathematics - Metric GeometryFOS: MathematicsMathematics (all)Order (group theory)Countable set0101 mathematicsAnálisis funcional y teoría de operadoresDensity character; Nonlinear quotient; Smooth surjective mapping; Surjective restriction; Uniformly open map; Mathematics (all)MathematicsEuclidean spaceta111010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)16. Peace & justicemetriset avaruudetFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicsCharacter (mathematics)density characterfunktionaalianalyysiBijection injection and surjectionSubspace topology
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Clarkson-McCarthy inequalities with unitary and isometry orbits

2020

Abstract A refinement of a trace inequality of McCarthy establishing the uniform convexity of the Schatten p-classes for p > 2 is proved: if A , B are two n-by-n matrices, then there exists some pair of n-by-n unitary matrices U , V such that U | A + B 2 | p U ⁎ + V | A − B 2 | p V ⁎ ≤ | A | p + | B | p 2 . A similar statement holds for compact Hilbert space operators. Another improvement of McCarthy's inequality is given via the new operator parallelogramm law, | A + B | 2 ⊕ | A − B | 2 = U 0 ( | A | 2 + | B | 2 ) U 0 ⁎ + V 0 ( | A | 2 + | B | 2 ) V 0 ⁎ for some pair of 2n-by-n isometry matrices U 0 , V 0 .

Trace (linear algebra)010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesUnitary stateConvexityCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeOperator (computer programming)FOS: MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and Combinatorics0101 mathematicsMathematicsMathematics::Functional AnalysisNumerical AnalysisAlgebra and Number TheoryMathematics::Operator Algebras010102 general mathematicsHilbert spaceUnitary matrixMathematics::Spectral TheoryFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisIsometrysymbolsComputer Science::Programming LanguagesGeometry and TopologyLinear Algebra and its Applications
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Trace and density results on regular trees

2019

We give characterizations for the existence of traces for first order Sobolev spaces defined on regular trees.

Trace (linear algebra)Mathematics::Analysis of PDEsBoundary (topology)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Potential theorySet (abstract data type)Combinatoricsregular treeMathematics - Metric Geometry0103 physical sciencesEuclidean geometryClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematicsdensityMathematics::Functional Analysis010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)Functional Analysis (math.FA)Sobolev spaceMathematics - Functional AnalysisMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs010307 mathematical physicsTree (set theory)46E35 30L99funktionaalianalyysiAnalysisboundary traceNewtonian space
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Local maximal operators on fractional Sobolev spaces

2016

In this note we establish the boundedness properties of local maximal operators MG on the fractional Sobolev spaces Ws;p(G) whenever G is an open set in Rn, 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p < 1. As an application, we characterize the fractional (s;p)-Hardy inequality on a bounded open set by a Maz'ya-type testing condition localized to Whitney cubes. pq(G) whenever G is an open set in R n , 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p;q <1. Our main focus lies in the mapping properties of MG on a fractional Sobolev space W s;p (G) with 0 < s < 1 and 1 < p < 1, see Section 2 for the denition or (3) for a survey of this space. The intrinsically dened function space W s;p (G) on a given domain G coincides with the trace space F s …

Trace spaceFunction spaceGeneral MathematicsOpen setSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesDomain (mathematical analysis)CombinatoricsHardy inequality0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics46E350101 mathematicsfractional Sobolev spaceMathematicsMathematics::Functional Analysista111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis42B25 46E35 47H99Functional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisSobolev spaceSection (category theory)Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsBounded function47H99010307 mathematical physics42B25local maximal operator
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