Search results for "hate"
showing 10 items of 2099 documents
Impaired glutathione redox status is associated with decreased survival in two organophosphate-poisoned marine bivalves
2002
Biomonitoring organophosphate (OP) exposure in marine environments is generally achieved by the measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity in bivalves like mussels. However, there is evidence that indicates that oxidative stress may be implied in OP toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between survival from the OP insecticide fenitrothion and glutathione levels in marine bivalves. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) and scallops (Flexopecten flexuosus Poli) were exposed, in a time to death test, to their LC85 of fenitrothion for 96 h. OP-poisoned mussels showed reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione depletion in the digestive gland, muscle and gills…
The effect of mixing on glucose fermentation by Zymomonas mobilis continuous culture
2003
Abstract The influence of mixing (in the range from 300 to 1100 rpm) on the performance of Zymomonas mobilis anaerobic continuous culture was studied. Biomass yield and ethanol productivity were improved at higher stirring intensities, in parallel with a decrease in byproduct synthesis. A mixing-dependent formation of minor amounts of fructose was first demonstrated in Z. mobilis anaerobic culture on glucose. The rate of fructose synthesis and the specific activity of the key enzyme in the pathway to fructose, phosphoglucose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9), had a maximum at 700 rpm.
Chemo-enzymatic Conversion of Glucose in 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural: The Joint Effect of Ionic Liquids and Ultrasound
2020
For the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass, a key step is unlocking the conversion of glucose to suitable chemical platforms. To this aim, we herein describe the sequential chemo-enzymatic conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), in two steps: glucose isomerization to fructose, catalyzed by glucose isomerase (GI) and fructose dehydration to 5-HMF promoted by Amberlyst 15. The novelty of our approach lies in the use of crude cell extracts of Streptomyces coelicolor showing GI activity, as isomerization catalysts, along with a commercial immobilized GI. Under optimized reaction conditions, we obtained a conversion to 5-HMF (C5‑HMF) from glucose of 50% in the H2O/[bmim]…
Untersuchungen �ber den Hemmfaktor der Phosphoglucose-Isomerase in Erythrocyten von Kranken mit florider Psoriasis vulgaris
1967
Die Untersuchungen uber Herkunft und Beschaffenheit des Hemmkorpers der PGI von Kranken mit florider Psoriasis vulgaris haben ergeben, das es sich um ein nur in der Zelle, in diesem Falle im Erythrocyten, nicht aber im Serum solcher Kranker vorliegendes Protein handelt.
Zur Aktivit�t der Phosphoglucose-Isomerase im Serum und der Acetylcholinesterase in Serum und Erythrocyten von Kranken mit florider Psoriasis vulgaris
1967
Es wurde bei Kranken mit florider Psoriasis vulgaris und Kontrollpersonen die Phosphoglucose-Isomerase im Serum, sowie die Acetylcholinesterase in Serum und Erythrocyten bestimmt. Wahrend die Phosphoglucose-Isomerase eine deutliche Aktivitatssteigerung im Serum solcher Kranken aufweist, lagen die Aktivitaten der Acetylcholinesterase in Serum und Erythrocyten im Normbereich. Die Phosphoglucose-Isomerase-Erhohung wahrend der floriden Phase bei der Psoriasis vulgaris wird als ein vermehrtes Ausstromen von Zellenzymen in das Serum moglicherweise aus einer Vielzahl von Organen interpretiert. Der Mechanismus fur diesen Vorgang ist noch weitgehend unbekannt. Jedoch scheint hierbei eine Beteiligung…
Enhanced enzymatic activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the cryophilic Saccharomyces kudriavzevii
2014
During the evolution of the different species classified within the Saccharomyces genus, each one has adapted to live in different environments. One of the most important parameters that have influenced the evolution of Saccharomyces species is the temperature. Here we have focused on the study of the ability of certain species as Saccharomyces kudriavzevii to grow at low temperatures, in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We observed that S. kudriavzevii strains isolated from several regions are able to synthesize higher amounts of glycerol, a molecule that has been shown to accumulate in response to freeze and cold stress. To explain this observation at the molecular level we studied t…
The adenine nucleotide content of rat liver during infusions of carbohydrates and polyols
1972
Injection of large doses of fructose, sorbitol, or a mixture of glucose, fructose and xylitol in rats causes a drop of liver ATP, total adenine nucleotides and Pi and a rise of AMP, which is in agreement with data from the literature. These changes are considered as a transient disturbance of homeostasis by compounds which are rapidly phosporylated in the liver. This is confirmed by the fact that during continuous infusion of these and other compounds at doses of 1,5 g · kg−1 · h−1 there was no such change. It is concluded that infusions of fructose or of the other carbohydrates tested with rates not exceeding those recommended for parenteral nutrition (0,5 g · kg−1 · h−1) are not likely to…
Inhibition of gluconeogenesis by extracellular ATP in isolated rat hepatocytes.
1991
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of externally added ATP on gluconeogenesis by isolated hepatocytes from starved rats. High concentrations of extracellular ATP inhibited gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate but not from glycerol or fructose. This inhibition was associated with an increase in intracellular adenosine contents. ADP, AMP, or adenosine but not guanosine 5'triphosphate, inosine 5' triphosphate, or adenine also inhibited gluconeogenesis. alpha, beta-Methylene-ATP, a nonmetabolizable structural analogue of ATP, did not affect the rate of gluconeogenesis. Intracellular ATP levels were increased by externally added ATP or adenosine, but ATP-to-ADP ratios in the…
Modulation of the glycerol and ethanol syntheses in the yeast Saccharomyces kudriavzevii differs from that exhibited by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and …
2010
In the last years there is an increasing demand to produce wines with higher glycerol levels and lower ethanol contents. The production of these compounds by yeasts is influenced by many environmental variables, and could be controlled by the choice of optimized cultivation conditions. The present work studies, in a wine model system, the effects of temperature, pH and sugar concentration on the glycerol and ethanol syntheses by yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae T73, the type strain of Saccharomyces kudriavzevii IFO 1802(T), and an interspecific hybrid between both species (W27), which was accomplished by the application of response surface methodology based in a central composite circumscrib…
The metabolic versatility of PAOs as an opportunity to obtain a highly P-enriched stream for further P-recovery
2015
The effects of two sequencing batch reactor operation strategies for phosphorus stream enrichment over the biological phosphorus removal performance have been studied. The objective of both strategies is of performing an extraction cycle in order to obtain a new stream highly enriched with phosphorus. In the 1st strategy the amount of influent volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is the same in each cycle; while in the 2nd strategy the influent VFAs concentration is increased during phosphorus extraction experiments. Despite the strong decrease of the stored poly-P inside the cells in both strategies after the recovery cycles, the ability of the systems to remove phosphorus was not affected. The P-r…