Search results for "hemo"
showing 10 items of 5646 documents
Modulating endothelial adhesion and migration impacts stem cell therapies efficacy
2020
Abstract Background Limited knowledge of stem cell therapies` mechanisms of action hampers their sustainable implementation into the clinic. Specifically, the interactions of transplanted stem cells with the host vasculature and its implications for their therapeutic efficacy are not elucidated. We tested whether adhesion receptors and chemokine receptors on stem cells can be functionally modulated, and consequently if such modulation may substantially affect therapeutically relevant stem cell interactions with the host endothelium. Methods We investigated the effects of cationic molecule polyethylenimine (PEI) treatment with or without nanoparticles on the functions of adhesion receptors a…
TLR3-independent activation of mast cells by cytomegalovirus contributes to control of pulmonary infection.
2017
Interstitial pneumonia is a life-threatening clinical manifestation of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection. In particular, it can be deadly in patients with hematopoietic malignancies who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in whom a ‘window of risk’, which is defined by transient immunodeficiency, occurs between hematoablative therapeutic treatment and immunological reconstitution. As few clinical studies have addressed the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon, a mouse model of HCT and murine cytomegalovirus (mCMV) infection has been established and has revealed a key role for antiviral CD8+ T cells in controlling pulmonary infections. Using this mouse model, recent st…
Echinodermata: The complex immune system in echinoderms
2018
View references (418) The Echinodermata are an ancient phylum of benthic marine invertebrates with a dispersal-stage planktonic larva. These animals have innate immune systems characterized initially by clearance of foreign particles, including microbes, from the body cavity of both larvae and adults, and allograft tissue rejection in adults. Immune responsiveness is mediated by a variety of adult coelomocytes and larval mesenchyme cells. Echinoderm diseases from a range of pathogens can lead to mass die-offs and impact aquaculture, but some individuals can recover. Genome sequences of several echinoderms have identified genes with immune function, including expanded families of Toll-like r…
Danger signals: Chemotherapy enhancers?
2017
IF 9.614; International audience; Endogenous danger signals are molecules normally present in a given cell compartment that are rapidly released following cell stress and induce immune responses. We and others have shown that dying tumor cells treated with some chemotherapies are able to induce anticancer immune responses, which rely on their release of danger signals such as the nuclear protein HMGB1. DNA can also be released from chemotherapy-treated tumor cells, act as a danger signal, and boost anticancer immunity. While the immunostimulatory properties of DNA have been identified for decades, the recent discovery of a novel family of receptors, cytosolic DNA sensors, has provided a nov…
Donor interleukin-22 and host type I interferon signaling pathway participate in intestinal graft-versus-host disease via STAT1 activation and CXCL10.
2014
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a major complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, limiting the success of this therapy. We previously reported that interleukin-22 (IL-22) participates to aGVHD development, but the underlying mechanisms of its contribution remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of the pathological function of IL-22 in intestinal aGVHD. Ex-vivo colon culture experiments indicated that IL-22 was able to induce Th1-like inflammation via signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-1 (STAT1) and CXCL10 induction in the presence of type I interferon (IFN). To evaluate a potential synergy between IL…
Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells Program a Distinct Subset of IL-22BP-Producing Dendritic Cells Demarcating Solitary Intestinal Lymphoid Tissues.
2019
Solitary intestinal lymphoid tissues such as cryptopatches (CPs) and isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) constitute steady-state activation hubs containing group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that continuously produce interleukin (IL)-22. The outer surface of CPs and ILFs is demarcated by a poorly characterized population of CD11c+ cells. Using genome-wide single-cell transcriptional profiling of intestinal mononuclear phagocytes and multidimensional flow cytometry, we found that CP- and ILF-associated CD11c+ cells were a transcriptionally distinct subset of intestinal cDCs, which we term CIA-DCs. CIA-DCs required programming by CP- and ILF-resident CCR6+ ILC3 via lymphotoxin-β receptor sig…
Identification of biological targets through the correlation between cell line chemosensitivity and protein expression pattern.
2021
Matching biological data sequences is one of the most interesting ways to discover new bioactive compounds. In particular, matching cell chemosensitivity with a protein expression profile can be a useful approach to predict the activity of compounds against definite biological targets. In this review, we discuss this correlation. First, we analyze case studies in which some known drugs, acting on known targets, show a good correlation between their antiproliferative activities and protein expression when a large panel of tumor cells is considered. Then, we highlight how the application of in silico methods based on the correlation between cell line chemosensitivity and gene/protein expressi…
The 40-Year Mystery of Insect Odorant-Binding Proteins
2021
International audience; The survival of insects depends on their ability to detect molecules present in their environment. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) form a family of proteins involved in chemoreception. While OBPs were initially found in olfactory appendages, recently these proteins were discovered in other chemosensory and non-chemosensory organs. OBPs can bind, solubilize and transport hydrophobic stimuli to chemoreceptors across the aqueous sensilla lymph. In addition to this broadly accepted “transporter role”, OBPs can also buffer sudden changes in odorant levels and are involved in hygro-reception. The physiological roles of OBPs expressed in other body tissues, such as mouthpar…
Phenotypic characterization of MCP-1 expressing neurons in the rat cerebral cortex.
2020
Chemokines are small, secreted molecules that mediate inflammatory reactions. Neurons and astrocytes constitutively express chemokines implicated in the process of neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) has been widely related to this process. However, the constitutive expression of this molecule by neurons has not been elucidated so far. In this study, we set out to characterize the neurochemical phenotype of MCP-1-expressing neurons in the rat neocortex to infer its role in basal conditions. We observed the presence of two populations of neurons expressing MCP-1: One population of cells with weak expression of MCP-1 cor…
The cyto-protective effects of LH on ovarian reserve and female fertility during exposure to gonadotoxic alkylating agents in an adult mouse model.
2021
Abstract STUDY QUESTION Does LH protect mouse oocytes and female fertility from alkylating chemotherapy? SUMMARY ANSWER LH treatment before and during chemotherapy prevents detrimental effects on follicles and reproductive lifespan. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Chemotherapies can damage the ovary, resulting in premature ovarian failure and reduced fertility in cancer survivors. LH was recently suggested to protect prepubertal mouse follicles from chemotoxic effects of cisplatin treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This experimental study investigated LH effects on primordial follicles exposed to chemotherapy. Seven-week-old CD-1 female mice were randomly allocated to four experimental groups: C…