Search results for "hemodynamic"
showing 10 items of 526 documents
Cholecystectomy in high-risk patients: A comparison between open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy
1998
SummaryLaparoscopic cholecystectomy offers many advantages, yet patients with a history of cardiopulmonary problems are at an increased risk because of the hemodynamic and respiratory effects of pneumoperitoneum. Between June 1990 and November 1997, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 31 high risk patients [American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) IV] and 40 conventional cholecystectomies were performed on patients with the same operative risk (ASA IV). In total, 15.5% (n = 11) of these patients experienced intraoperative cardiopulmonary complications, occurring with approximately the same frequency in both groups. General post-operative complications were seen in 28.2% (n=20) o…
Effect of the Alterations in Contractility and Morphology Produced by Atrial Fibrillation on the Thrombosis Potential of the Left Atrial Appendage
2021
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia mainly affecting the elderly population, which can lead to serious complications such as stroke, ischaemic attack and vascular dementia. These problems are caused by thrombi which mostly originate in the left atrial appendage (LAA), a small muscular sac protruding from left atrium. The abnormal heart rhythm associated with AF results in alterations in the heart muscle contractions and in some reshaping of the cardiac chambers. This study aims to verify if and how these physiological changes can establish hemodynamic conditions in the LAA promoting thrombus formation, by means of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analyses. In particular, sinus …
Effects of Middle-Term Treatment with Nifedipine on Hemodynamic Parameters and on Left Ventricular Function in Hypertensive Patients
1988
Treatment of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized, prospective, double-blind study
2006
Pulmonary hypertension can already be present in patients undergoing cardiac surgery or can be exacerbated by cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative treatment is still a challenge for physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of inhaled prostacyclin (iPGI2) and nitric oxide (iNO) compared with those of intravenous vasodilators.This prospective, randomized, double-blind study included 58 patients affected by severe mitral valve stenosis and pulmonary hypertension with high pulmonary vascular resistance (250 dynes x s x cm(-5)) and a mean pulmonary artery pressure25 mmHg. All patients were monitored by central venous, radial arterial and Swan-Ganz catheters. Data were recor…
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension from the perspective of patients with pulmonary embolism
2018
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare but feared long-term complication of acute pulmonary embolism (PE), although CTEPH may occur in patients with no history of symptomatic venous thromboembolism. It represents the most severe presentation of the so-called 'post-PE syndrome', a phenomenon of permanent functional limitations after PE caused by deconditioning after PE or ventilatory or circulatory impairment as a result of unresolved pulmonary artery thrombi. Because the post-PE syndrome may occur in up to 50% of PE survivors, and CTEPH tends to have an insidious and non-specific clinical presentation, CTEPH is often not diagnosed or diagnosed after a very long dela…
Inhaled anesthesia in neurosurgery: Still a role?
2021
In patients undergoing craniotomy, general anesthesia should be addressed to warrant good hypnosis, immobility, and analgesia, to ensure systemic and cerebral physiological status and provide the best possible surgical field. Regarding craniotomies, it is unclear if there are substantial differences in providing general anesthesia using total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or balanced anesthesia (BA) accomplished using the third generation halogenates. New evidence highlighted that the last generation of halogenated agents has possible advantages compared with intravenous drugs: rapid induction, minimal absorption and metabolization, reproducible pharmacokinetic, faster recovery, cardioprote…
Impaired border zone formation and adverse remodeling after reperfused myocardial infarction in cannabinoid CB2 receptor deficient mice.
2014
Abstract Aims Reperfusion of myocardial infarction is associated with inflammatory reaction and subsequent myocardial remodeling with a rapid scar formation in mice. The cannabinoid receptor CB2 has been associated with cardioprotection and regulation of macrophage function. We investigated its role in remodeling of reperfused infarction. Main methods One hour LAD-occlusion was followed by reperfusion over 6 h and 1, 3 and 7 days in wild-type C57/BL6J (WT) and CB2 receptor-deficient (Cnr2 −/− ) mice (n = 8/group). Hearts were processed for functional, morphological and mRNA/protein analysis, and tissue concentration of endocannabinoids was determined using liquid chromatography-multiple rea…
Is losartan able to improve renal haemodynamics in hypertensives? a long term study
2000
Mathematical simulation of Doppler changes in late-onset smallness; progression patterns of cerebral and umbilical anomalies define two types of late…
2019
To evaluate the progression of Doppler abnormalities in fetuses with late-onset fetal smallness (SGA) that become growth restricted (FGR).524 Doppler examinations of the umbilical and cerebral arteries systems, belonging to 442 late-onset SGA fetuses after week 34, were studied, evaluating by means of the statistical difference with the respective abnormal centiles, the pattern of progression into abnormal Doppler values and the distribution and cumulative sum of Doppler anomalies according to the interval to delivery.Only one third (33.5%,Two thirds of late-onset fetal smallness occurs without hemodynamic changes. In half of the remaining cases an initial cerebral vasodilation defines a gr…