Search results for "hemorrhage"

Longitudinal imaging and evaluation of SAH-associated cerebral large artery vasospasm in mice using micro-CT and angiography

2019

Longitudinal in vivo imaging studies characterizing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced large artery vasospasm (LAV) in mice are lacking. We developed a SAH-scoring system to assess SAH severity in mice using micro CT and longitudinally analysed LAV by intravenous digital subtraction angiography (i.v. DSA). Thirty female C57Bl/6J-mice (7 sham, 23 SAH) were implanted with central venous ports for repetitive contrast agent administration. SAH was induced by filament perforation. LAV was assessed up to 14 days after induction of SAH by i.v. DSA. SAH-score and neuroscore showed a highly significant positive correlation (rsp = 0.803, p < 0.001). SAH-score and survival showed a negative sig…

Hemodynamic Monitoring in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) often causes cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Therapeutic strategies can be guided by standard (invasive arterial/central venous pressure measurements, fluid balance assessment), and/or advanced (pulse index continuous cardiac output, pulse dye densitometry, pulmonary artery catheterization) hemodynamic monitoring. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to determine whether standard compared with advanced hemodynamic monitoring can improve patient management and clinical outcomes after aSAH. A literature search was performed for articles published between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2019. Studies involving aSAH patients …

Changes in the adrenergic mechanisms of cerebral arteries after subarachnoid hemorrhage in goats.

1994

We have examined the effects of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), induced by delivering autologous blood into the subarachnoid space, on the adrenergic mechanisms of the goat cerebrovascular bed. To achieve this, the response to noradrenaline was recorded both in vivo, by measuring cerebral blood flow in unanesthetized animals, and in vitro, by recording isometric tension in isolated cerebral arteries. In addition, we checked the function of adrenergic innervation by measuring the tritium efflux evoked by electrical stimulation in cerebral arteries preloaded with [3H]-noradrenaline, and we examined this innervation by using both fluorescent and electron transmission microscopy. Al…

Erythropoietin for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Is There a Reason for Hope?

2011

I b S a r a S ubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) associated with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm remains a source of significant morbidity and mortality, not only from the initial hemorrhage but lso from the delayed complications, such as cerebral vasospasm ften severe enough to induce irreversible changes in cerebral erfusion. Several drugs have been developed that have the otential to limit cerebral vasospasm and delayed ischemic eurologic deficit, thus improving outcome for patients. Howver, although numerous agents that can prevent arterial narrowng and/or block the excitatory cascade of events leading to schemic neuronal death in experimental conditions, there is still o pharmacologic agent tha…

Letter to the Editor Regarding “Small Aneurysms with Low PHASES Scores Account for a Majority of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Cases”

2020

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Revealing Moyamoya Syndrome in a Patient With May-Hegglin Anomaly.

2017

Etude de cas; Introduction: Moyamoya syndrome is a rare progressive cerebrovascular occlusive disease for which several associated conditions have been described. Case Report: We report the case of a 76-year-old woman with a history of May-Hegglin anomaly who presented with an isolated unusual diffuse headache. Initial laboratory investigations showed only thrombocytopenia (platelet count 95000/mu L). Unenhanced brain computed tomography scan revealed a small subarachnoid hemorrhage in the left frontal lobe. Computed tomography angiography showed occlusion of the terminal portion of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) and narrowing of the terminal portion of the right ICA with abnormal c…

Imaging funzionale per diffusione (DWI) e ischemia cerebrale in fase acuta: Potenzialità diagnostiche e confronto con metodiche convenzionali

1997

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and is a major cause of long-term disability. Neuroprotective treatment within a 4-hour «therapeutic window» has proved highly efficacious in reducing morbility and mortality in animal model. It is with this background that the need for emergent diagnosis and therapy of acute stroke in strongly suggested. Computed tomography (CT) shows the parenchymal changes of acute stroke too late to be helpful, and its role has been primarily to evaluate the possibility of intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage. While conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can demonstrate parenchymal abnormalities 4–6 hours after ischemia, newer techniques such as diff…

2021

Objective: Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm (UIA) Treatment Score (UIATS) and PHASES score are used to inform treatment decision making for UIAs (treatment or observation). We assessed the ability of the scoring systems to discriminate between ruptured aneurysms and UIAs in a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) cohort with multiple aneurysms.Methods: We retrospectively applied PHASES and UIATS scoring to the aneurysms of 40 consecutive patients with SAH and multiple intracranial aneurysms.Results: PHASES score discriminated better between ruptured aneurysms and UIAs than UIATS. PHASES scores and the difference between the UIATS subscores were higher for ruptured aneurysms compared with UIAs, whic…

Analysis of Cerebral Vasospasm in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with High Frequency Transcranial Duplex Ultrasound

2021

Cerebral vasospasm that occurs in the weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage, a type of hemorrhagic stroke, contributes to delayed cerebral ischemia. A problem encountered in experimental studies using murine models of SAH is that methods for in vivo monitoring of cerebral vasospasm in mice are lacking. Here, we demonstrate the application of high frequency ultrasound to perform transcranial Duplex sonography examinations on mice. Using the method, the internal carotid arteries (ICA) could be identified. The blood flow velocities in the intracranial ICAs were accelerated significantly after induction of SAH, while blood flow velocities in the extracranial ICAs remained low, indicating cerebral…

Stroke and cardiac arrhythmias.

2001

Stroke is frequently followed by electrocardiographic (ECG) changes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the global incidence of these changes after ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, but it focused on cardiac arrhythmias. In ischemic strokes, these were correlated with the side of the lesion(s). The study was retrospective, and 450 patients (out of 971 examined) were entered in the study based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) "completed" stroke (352 ischemic and 98 hemorrhagic), (2) ECG on admission, and (3) at least 1 previous ECG. We also examined 71 patients with carotid or vertebro-basilar transient ischemic attacks (TIA). As controls, 71 patients suffering from nonvascu…