Search results for "herb"

A laboratory study of the mineralization and binding of 14C-labeled herbicide rimsulfuron in a rendzina soil

1999

Abstract The fate of pyrimidine-2- 14 C-rimsulfuron in a rendzina soil was investigated using a laboratory microcosm approach. Measurement of CO 2 evolution suggested that rimsulfuron applied at 5 times the recommended dose did not affect soil respiration. Under abiotic conditions, no mineralization of 14 C-rimsulfuron into 14 C-CO 2 occured and under biotic ones it was very low reaching 0.75 % of the applied 14 C-rimsulfuron after 246 days of incubation. The analysis of data showed that a three-half order model provided the best fit for the mineralization curve. Extractable 14 C-residues decreased over time to 70 – 80% of the applied 14 C-rimsulfuron at the end of the incubation. After 246…

Enhanced extraction of astragalosides from Radix Astragali by negative pressure cavitation-accelerated enzyme pretreatment.

2010

The optimal conditions for extraction of astragalosides III and IV (AGs III and IV) in Radix Astragali by negative pressure cavitation-accelerated enzyme pretreatment were studied on the basis of a Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. Experimental results showed that negative pressure, amount of enzyme and incubation temperature were the main factors governing the enzyme pretreatment of Radix Astragali. The optimum parameters were obtained as follows: negative pressure -0.08 Mpa, amount of enzyme 1.48% (w/w of materials) and incubation temperature 45 degrees C. Under the optimal conditions, the maximal extraction yields of AGs III and IV were 0.103 and 0.325 mg/g, which were…

Characterization of an isoproturon mineralizing bacterial culture enriched from a French agricultural soil.

2009

The phenylurea herbicide isoproturon, 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (IPU), was found to be rapidly mineralized by a bacterial culture isolated from an agricultural soil regularly exposed to IPU. Molecular analysis of the bacterial culture by DNA fingerprinting, cloning and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes revealed that it consisted of six different members among whom the dominant was related to Sphingomonas sp. Six bacterial strains belonging to genera Ancylobacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Methylobacterium, Variovorax and Agrobacterium were isolated from the IPU-degrading culture. None of these were able to degrade IPU in pure culture and only the intact culture sustained th…

Medicinal plants and their uses recorded in the Archives of Latvian Folklore from the 19th century.

2020

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance The records of folk medicine present historical evidence of medicinal plant usage in the territory of Latvia and describe native and imported plants and plant products that were used as medicine. Aim of the study To collect and analyse the ethnobotanical knowledge found in records of Latvian folk medicine available in the Archives of Latvian Folklore. Materials and methods Following the International Classification of Primary Care, plant uses were grouped into one of the 17 categories based on the body systems and psychological and social problems. Each plant was identified by its scientific name according to The Plant List website. Additionally, the …

An integrated strategy between food chemistry, biology, nutrition, pharmacology, and statistics in the development of functional foods: A proposal

2017

Abstract Background Much research has been conducted to attest that different food and herbal extracts display functional properties in humans when consumed regularly as part of a balanced diet. However, most studies only relate one or some in vitro and/or in vivo functionalities of these extracts, without performing clinical trials to attest the alleged functionality. For instance, while some studies focus on the existence of statistical correlation between antioxidant activity and antidiabetic properties and the phenolic composition of a certain herb, others aim to assess the effects of different extraction methods ( i.e., pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, and supercritical fluid extrac…

Variable X-ray emission from the accretion shock in the classical T Tauri star V2129 Ophiuchi

2011

The soft X-ray emission from high density plasma in CTTS is associated with the accretion process. It is still unclear whether this high density cool plasma is heated in the accretion shock, or if it is coronal plasma fed/modified by the accretion process. We conducted a coordinated quasi-simultaneous optical and X-ray observing campaign of the CTTS V2129 Oph (Chandra/HETGS data to constrain the X-ray emitting plasma components, and optical observations to constrain the characteristics of accretion and magnetic field). We analyze a 200 ks Chandra/HETGS observation of V2129 Oph, subdivided into two 100 ks segments, corresponding to two different phases within one stellar rotation. The X-ray …

Additional reports for Italian moss flora.

2013

As a result of the study of both recent collections and a review of herbarium specimens, the following taxa are reported for the first time from various Italian regions: Hedwigia stellata Hedenas, Hedwigia ciliata var. leucophaea Bruch & Schimp., Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. and Ptychostomum compactum Hornsch. var. compactum. The last taxon is new for southern Italy, while the report of Pleurozium schreberi confirms the occurrence of this species in southern Italy after more than half a century. Moreover, Crossidium laxefilamentosum Frey & Kurschner represents the second report of this species from Italy.

The neglected herbarium of Emanuele Taranto Rosso (Sicily, 1801-1887)

2018

The neglected Herbarium of Emanuele Taranto Rosso (Sicily, 1801-1887). Emanuele Taranto Rosso, eclectic naturalist of the XIX Century, founded a scientific and didactic centre of Natural History and Archaeology in Caltagirone, one of the towns in the province of Catania in eastern Sicily (southern Italy). In this paper, we report and evaluate the size of his herbarium donated to the centre. According to the published catalogue, originally the Herbarium of Taranto Rosso comprised 776 specimens, which included wild and cultivated plants collected by this skillful researcher in the surroundings of Caltagirone. In addition, the Herbarium contained several specimens purchased or exchanged with o…

Comparative study of the toxicity of molinate for freshwater organisms.

2003

Impact of parasitoid-associated polydnaviruses on plant-mediated herbivore interactions

2022

Insect herbivores interact via plant-mediated interactions in which one herbivore species induces changes in plant quality that affects the performance of a second phytophagous insect that shares the food plant. These interactions are often asymmetric due to specificity in induced plant responses to herbivore attack, amount of plant damage, elicitors in herbivore saliva and plant organ damaged by herbivores. Parasitoids and their symbiotic polydnaviruses alter herbivore physiology and behaviour and may influence how plants respond to parasitized herbivores. We argue that these phenomena affect plant-mediated interactions between herbivores. We identify that the extended phenotype of parasit…