Search results for "hormones"
showing 10 items of 1169 documents
Chronological Age Interacts with the Circadian Melatonin Receptor 1B Gene Variation, Determining Fasting Glucose Concentrations in Mediterranean Popu…
2020
Gene-age interactions have not been systematically investigated on metabolic phenotypes and this modulation will be key for a better understanding of the temporal regulation in nutrigenomics. Taking into account that aging is typically associated with both impairment of the circadian system and a decrease in melatonin secretion, we focused on the melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B)-rs10830963 C>
Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in Older Men and Women: The Pro.V.A Study
2016
Objective: A large body of clinical data suggests the importance of endogenous sex hormones in the pathogenesis of diabetes, but very little is known about the possible relationship between dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and diabetes, particularly in the elderly. We aimed, therefore, to examine whether high serum levels of DHEAS have any protective effects on the incidence of type 2 diabetes and to elucidate the possible role of gender in a cohort of older subjects. Methods: We followed 1258 community-dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years without type 2 diabetes who belonged to the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) for 4.4±1.2 years. DHEAS were measured at baseline and categorized into …
Transgenerational effects on intestinal inflammation status in mice perinatally exposed to bisphenol S
2020
International audience; Increasing evidence has highlighted the critical role of early life environment in shaping the future health outcomes of individuals in subsequent generations. Bisphenol S (BPS) has been widely used as a substitute for various plastic materials due to the limited application of Bisphenol A (BPA) which is an endocrine disruptor. However, the lack of efficient evaluation of BPS leaves doubts about the relevant substitute of BPA. Few studies of transgenerational inheritance have examined the effects of environmental exposures to endocrine disruptors on the immune system. In this study, we analyzed the transgenerational effects of BPS on intestinal inflammation and its c…
Sequential Intensification of Metformin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes With Liraglutide Followed by Randomized Addition of Basal Insulin Prompted by A1…
2012
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the addition of liraglutide to metformin in type 2 diabetes followed by intensification with basal insulin (detemir) if glycated hemoglobin (A1C) ≥7%. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 988 participants from North America and Europe uncontrolled on metformin ± sulfonylurea, sulfonylurea was discontinued and liraglutide 1.8 mg/day added for 12 weeks (run-in). Subsequently, those with A1C ≥7% were randomized 1:1 to 26 weeks’ open-label addition of insulin detemir to metformin + liraglutide (n = 162) or continuation without insulin detemir (n = 161). Patients achieving A1C <7% continued unchanged treatment (observational arm). The primary end point was A1C change bet…
Adiponectin, resistin and leptin in paediatric chronic renal failure: Correlation with auxological and endocrine profiles
2013
Introduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) compromises nutrition, growth, puberty, glycometabolic homeostasis, and adipokine secretion (i.e. adiponectin, resistin, and leptin). Adipokines play a role in the clinical outcome, but data in paediatric patients is scant. Aim: To evaluate the link between kidney function, adiponectin, resistin, leptin, hormonal status, nutritional state and late outcome of CRF children. Materials and methods: We studied leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels in 31 CRF patients (19 males, 12 females, aged 12.1 ± 4.47 years) managed conservatively, and 30 healthy age- and gender-matched controls. Clinical, auxological, biochemical, hormonal data, glucose and insuli…
Vinblastine-induced autophagocytosis: effects on liver glycogen
1983
The possible similarities of the mechanism by which vinblastine induces autophagocytosis in liver were compared with the known effects of glucagon in glucagon-induced autophagocytosis. A single intraperitoneal injection of vinblastine produced a wave of autophagocytosis in less than 0.5 h in mouse hepatocytes. Liver glycogen content decreases simultaneously and blood glucose first increased and then decreased below control values. Both liver cAMP concentration and the activity of glycogen phosphorylase remained unchanged. These findings provide evidence that the induction of autophagocytosis after vinblastine injection is not mediated by cAMP. The increased degradation of glycogen may occur…
Involvement of prostacyclin and potassium channels in the diabetes-induced hyporeactivity of the rabbit carotid artery to B-type natriuretic peptide
2012
The relation between diabetes and stroke is bidirectional: diabetes is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke, and acute stroke frequently induces hyperglycemia. On the other hand, plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are raised in diabetes and stroke. The purpose was to study how alloxan-induced diabetes might modify the effects of BNP in rabbit carotid arteries and the mechanisms involved in such actions. To do this, isometric tension in isolated rabbit carotid artery was recorded and prostanoids release and plasma NT-proBNP were measured by enzyme immunoassay. BNP induced a relaxation of phenylephrine-precontracted carotid arteries, and this relaxation was lower in diabet…
Impact of Fasting Glycemia on Short-Term Prognosis after Acute Myocardial Infarction
2007
The prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), according to the new criteria for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FG 100-126 mg/dl), has not been evaluated.A total of 2353 patients with acute MI and surviving at d 5 after admission were analyzed for short-term morbidity and mortality. FG was obtained at d 4 and 5. Patients were classified as diabetes mellitus (known diabetes or FGor = 126 mg/dl), high IFG (110or = FG126 mg/dl), low IFG (100or = FG110 mg/dl), and normal fasting glucose (NFG) (FG100 mg/dl).Among the 2353 patients, 968 (41%) had diabetes mellitus, 262 (11%) had high IFG, 332 (14%) had low IFG, and 791 (34%) had NFG. Compared with NFG patients, 30-d cardiovascu…
Phenotyping of type 2 diabetes mellitus at onset on the basis of fasting incretin tone: Results of a two-step cluster analysis.
2015
Aims/Introduction According to some authors, in type 2 diabetes there is a reduced postprandial action of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). However, little is known about the role of fasting incretins in glucose homeostasis. Our aim was to evaluate, through a two-step cluster analysis, the possibility of phenotyping patients with type 2 diabetes at onset on the basis of fasting GLP-1, GIP and ghrelin. Materials and Methods A total of 96 patients with type 2 diabetes within 6 months of onset (mean age 62.40 ± 6.36 years) were cross-sectionally studied. Clinical, anthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated. At fasting the follow…
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a cross-sectional study.
2017
Abstract Although the better management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has significantly improved the long-term outcome of affected patients, a significant proportion of these may develop associated comorbidities including cardiometabolic complications. However, it must be pointed out that a comprehensive cardiometabolic evaluation is still poorly integrated into the management of RA patients, due to a limited awareness of the problem, a lack of appropriate clinical studies, and optimal strategies for cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction in RA. In addition, although several studies investigated the possible association between traditional CV risk factors and RA, conflicting results are still av…