Search results for "hydrates"
showing 10 items of 484 documents
Evaluation of nutritional parameters in infant formulas and powdered milk by Raman spectroscopy
2007
It has been made a critical evaluation of the application of near infrared Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy for the simultaneous determination of the most important nutritional parameters such as energetic value, carbohydrate, protein and fat contents of infant formula and powdered milk samples based on the use of partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. A highly heterogeneous population of 23 samples, covering a wide range of infant food formula and powdered milk, were obtained from the Spanish market. Raman spectra, obtained by excitation with a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm, show no disturbing fluorescence effects; therefore sample spectra can be recorded without any previous prepa…
Thermodynamic analysis of binding between drugs and glycosaminoglycans by isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy
2007
The thermodynamics of the interaction of positively charged drug molecules with negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The drugs considered are propranolol hydrochloride, tacrine, and aminacrine, and the polymers used as model GAGs are dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. The ITC results show that the interaction between drugs and GAGs is via direct binding and that GAGs bind to drugs at one set of sites. Large negative values of heat capacity change (DeltaC(p)) are observed upon binding of GAGs to drugs. Such negative DeltaC(p) is not expected for purely electrostatic intera…
Inorganic Nitrate Therapy Improves Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy
2011
The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent and effective antineoplastic antibiotic agent widely used in the treatment of a broad range of forms of cancer. The clinical use of DOX is limited by cardiotoxicity, which increases dose dependently and may lead to dilated cardiomyopathy and clinical
Purification and characterization of a pore-forming protein from the marine sponge Tethya lyncurium
1992
A pore-forming protein was detected and purified for the first time from a marine sponge (Tethya lyncurium). The purified protein has a polypeptide molecular mass of 21 kDa and a pI of 6.4. Tethya pore-forming protein (also called Tethya hemolysin) rapidly lysed erythrocytes from a variety of organisms. After binding to target membranes, the hemolysin resisted elution with EDTA, salt or solutions of low ionic strength and hence resembled an integral membrane protein. Erythrocytes could be protected from hemolysis induced by Tethya hemolysin by addition of 30 mM dextran 4 (4-6 kDa; equivalent hydrodynamic diffusion radius, 1.75-2.3 nm) to the extracellular medium, but not by addition of unch…
SPHINGOLIPID TRANSPORT FROM THE TRANSGOLGI NETWORK TO THE APICAL SURFACE IN PERMEABILIZED MDCK CELLS
1992
AbstractWe have measured the transport of de novo synthesized fluorescent analogs of sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the apical membrane in basolaterally permeabilized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Sphingolipid transport was temperature, ATP and cytosol dependent. Introduction of bovine serum albumin (BSA), which binds fluorescent sphingolipid monomer, into the permeabilized cells, did not affect lipid transport to the apical membrane. Both fluorescent sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide analogs were localized to the lumenal bilayer leaflet of isolated TGN-derived vesicles. These results strongly suggest that both sphingolipids are transport…
α-Secretase Activity of the Disintegrin Metalloprotease ADAM 10: Influences of Domain Structure
2001
Disintegrin metalloproteases from different organisms form the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family. All members display a common domain organization and possess four potential functions: proteolysis, cell adhesion, cell fusion, and cell signaling. Members of the ADAM family are responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their extracellular domain. The proteolytic process is referred to as ectodomain shedding, which is activated by phorbol esters and inhibited by hydroxamic acid-based inhibitors. We have shown that the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM 10 has both constitutive and regulated alpha-secretase activity. Expression of a dominant n…
Multivalency Beats Complexity: A Study on the Cell Uptake of Carbohydrate Functionalized Nanocarriers to Dendritic Cells.
2020
Herein, we report the synthesis of carbohydrate and glycodendron structures for dendritic cell targeting, which were subsequently bound to hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules prepared by the inverse miniemulsion technique. The uptake of the carbohydrate-functionalized HES nanocapsules into immature human dendritic cells (hDCs) revealed a strong dependence on the used carbohydrate. A multivalent mannose-terminated dendron was found to be far superior in uptake compared to the structurally more complex oligosaccharides used.
Ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chain; influence of a random exchange interaction
1985
We report on the magnetic behavior of ‘‘rigid’’ ferrimagnetic chains isolated in bimetallic complexes of the EDTA and ‘‘flexible’’ ones obtained in the amorphous variety. As shown by LAXS, the only noteworthy difference in the amorphous state is the random distribution of bond angles between nearest neighbors within chains. The ‘‘rigid’’ bimetallic chains in CoNi(EDTA)6H2O are described in terms of Heisenberg model with an exchange coupling J=−7.5 K. The behavior of the amorphous variety somewhat differs, following the law X=AT−0.8 typical of REHAC. A classical spin chain model involving a J distribution and alternating g factors allows to explain successfully the temperature dependence of …
Characterization of the trimeric, self-recognizing Geodia cydonium lectin I.
1983
A D-galactose-specific lectin I was extracted from the sponge Geodia cydonium and purified by affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of lectin I as determined by high-pressure liquid gel chromatography, was found to be 36500 +/- 1300. Disc gel electrophoresis in the presence and in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate showed that lectin I is a trimer composed of three different subunits (Mr: 13800, 13000 and 12200); two of the three subunits are linked by one disulfide bond. Isoelectric focusing gave a pI of 5.6 for the native molecule and a pI of 4.4 and of 7.4 for the subunits. The three subunits carry carbohydrate side chains, composed of D-galactose (94%) and of arabinose (5%). …
CPMAS 13C NMR Characterization of Leaves and Litters from the Reafforestated Area of Mustigarufi in Sicily (Italy)
2010
Reafforestation is generally based on the planting of exotic fast growing tree species suitable for adapting to even harsh environments. Once the introduced plants ameliorate soil conditions, they can be progressively replaced by au- tochthonous plant species. Reafforestation is applied worldwide. However, only few studies on the effect of reafforesta- tion on lands from Mediterranean regions are available. This paper reports the characterization by cross polarization 13C NMR spectroscopy of fresh leaves and superficial litters from a reafforestated area in central Sicily (Italy). NMR assign- ment is attempted. A differentiation among the molecular systems within leaves and litters is also …