Search results for "hydrodynamics"

showing 10 items of 390 documents

High Performance Computing on the COMETA Grid Infrastructure

2008

We present the High Performance Computing (HPC) projects jointly developed at the INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo and at the DSFA - Universita` di Palermo which benefits of the Grid infrastructure of COMETA. We have contributed to setup the infrastructure in order to run HPC applications on the Grid. We report on our experience regarding to porting HPC applications to the Grid and to the first HPC simulations performed. The most demanding simulations describe the interaction of a magnetized supernova shock wave with an interstellar gas cloud. We discuss the resources required for the simulations, the performance and the scalability of our code on the Grid, and present first resul…

MagnetohydrodynamicsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaHigh Performance ComputingHydrodynamicsAstrophysics
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Studying Closed Hydrodynamic Models of "In Vivo" DNA Perfusion in Pig Liver for Gene Therapy Translation to Humans.

2016

17 páginas, 6 figuras. En la versión online contiene 3 figuras y 1 tabla en información suplemetaria

Male0301 basic medicineSwineCardiovascular ProceduresGenetic enhancementProtein ExpressionCellGene ExpressionMetal Nanoparticleslcsh:MedicineVascular SurgeryBiochemistryTranslational Research BiomedicalMice0302 clinical medicinePig ModelsGene expressionMedicine and Health SciencesTransgeneslcsh:ScienceMammalsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsGene Transfer TechniquesClassical MechanicsAgricultureAnimal ModelsPerfusionmedicine.anatomical_structureLivermedicine.veinOrgan SpecificityNaked DNA030220 oncology & carcinogenesisVertebratesPhysical SciencesFemalePerfusionPlasmidsResearch ArticleLivestockSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresFluid MechanicsBiologyGene deliveryResearch and Analysis MethodsContinuum MechanicsInferior vena cavaCatheterizationGene Delivery03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsIn vivoGene Expression and Vector TechniquesmedicineAnimalsHumansMolecular Biology TechniquesMolecular BiologyMolecular Biology Assays and Analysis TechniquesPlasma Proteinslcsh:ROrganismsBiology and Life SciencesProteinsFluid DynamicsDNAGenetic TherapyMolecular biology030104 developmental biologyalpha 1-AntitrypsinAmniotesHydrodynamicslcsh:QGoldPLoS ONE
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Growth Arrest Specific 1 (Gas1) Gene Overexpression in Liver Reduces the In Vivo Progression of Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Partially Restore…

2015

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients is usually poor, the size of tumors being a limiting factor for surgical treatments. Present results suggest that the overexpression of Gas1 (growth arrest specific 1) gene reduces the size, proliferating activity and malignancy of liver tumors. Mice developing diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma were subjected to hydrodynamic gene delivery to overexpress Gas1 in liver. This treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the number of large tumors, while the difference in the total number of lesions was not significant. Moreover, the number of carcinoma foci in the liver and the number of lung metastases were reduced. These resu…

MaleCarcinoma Hepatocellularlcsh:MedicineCell Cycle ProteinsGene deliveryBiologyGPI-Linked ProteinsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionTransfectionMiceCell Line TumorGene expressionCarcinomamedicineAnimalslcsh:ScienceLungCell ProliferationRegulation of gene expressionMultidisciplinaryMicroarray analysis techniquesLiver Neoplasmslcsh:RCell cyclemedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyHedgehog signaling pathwayGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticLiverHepatocellular carcinomaDisease ProgressionHydrodynamicslcsh:QResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Validation of the Strain Assessment of a Phantom of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Comparison of Results Obtained From Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ste…

2018

Predicting aortic aneurysm ruptures is a complex problem that has been investigated by many research teams over several decades. Work on this issue is notably complex and involves both the mechanical behavior of the artery and the blood flow. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide measurements concerning the shape of an organ and the blood that flows through it. Measuring local distortion of the artery wall is the first essential factor to evaluate in a ruptured artery. This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of this measure using MRI on a phantom of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with realistic shape. The aortic geometry is obtained from a series of cine-MR images and reco…

MaleMaterials scienceBiomedical Engineering030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesAortic aneurysm0302 clinical medicineImaging Three-DimensionalPhysiology (medical)DistortionmedicineShear stressHumansComputer Simulation[SPI.MECA.GEME] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testPhantoms ImagingModels CardiovascularMagnetic resonance imagingBlood flowmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingAbdominal aortic aneurysmBiomechanical Phenomena[SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]medicine.anatomical_structurecardiovascular systemHydrodynamicsStress MechanicalTomography X-Ray ComputedArteryBiomedical engineeringAortic Aneurysm Abdominal
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Computational fluid dynamics in the assessment of patients' postoperative status after glottis-widening surgery

2017

Background. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a rapidly developing instrument with a number of practical applications, allows calculation and visualization of the changing parameters of airflow in the upper respiratory tract. Objectives. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of CFD as an instrument for noninvasive tests of the larynx in patients who had undergone surgical treatment due to bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Material and Methods. Surface measurements of the glottic space were made during maximum adduction of the vocal folds. Additionally, the following spirometric parameters were determined: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first s…

MalePatient-Specific ModelingLarynxVital capacityVital CapacityVideo RecordingMedicine (miscellaneous)Peak Expiratory Flow RateVocal Cords02 engineering and technologyForced Expiratory VolumePharmacology (medical)LungGenetics (clinical)Aged 80 and overPressure dropair flowMiddle Agedrespiratory system021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiomechanical PhenomenaTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureVocal foldsBreathingFemaleRadiologyCFD0210 nano-technologyVocal Cord ParalysisGlottismedicine.medical_specialtyGlottis0206 medical engineeringAirflowGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyFEV1/FVC ratioPhonationImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedInternal MedicinemedicineHumansAgedbilateral vocal fold paralysisLaryngoscopybusiness.industry020601 biomedical engineeringSpirometryCase-Control StudiesReviews and References (medical)HydrodynamicsbusinessSoftwareAdvances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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Computational Fluid-Dynamic Analysis after Carotid Endarterectomy: Patch Graft versus Direct Suture Closure.

2017

Background Closure technique after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) still remains an issue of debate. Routine use of patch graft (PG) has been advocated to reduce restenosis, stroke, and death, but its protective effect, particularly from late restenosis, is less evident and recent studies call into question this thesis. This study aims to compare PG and direct suture (DS) by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). To identify carotid regions with flow recirculation more prone to restenosis development, we analyzed time-averaged oscillatory shear index (OSI) and relative residence time (RRT), that are well-known indices correlated with plaque formation. Methods CFD was performed in 12 pati…

MalePatient-Specific Modelingmedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentHemodynamicsCarotid endarterectomy030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyMagnetic resonance angiography03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRestenosisRecurrenceInternal medicinemedicine.arterymedicineHumansCarotid StenosisCommon carotid arteryStrokeEndarterectomyAgedAged 80 and overEndarterectomy Carotidmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAngioplastySuture TechniquesModels CardiovascularNumerical Analysis Computer-AssistedUltrasonography DopplerGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryStenosisCarotid ArteriesTreatment OutcomeRegional Blood FlowCardiologyHydrodynamicsSurgeryFemalebusinessCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMagnetic Resonance AngiographyAnnals of vascular surgery
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A Meshless Approach for Electromagnetic Simulation of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes

2009

In this paper, a study on the electromagnetic behaviour of a single wall carbon nanotube model is described. The electrons available for conduction are treated as a thin cylindrical layer fluid and their motion is described by means of classical hydrodynamics equations in linearized form. These equations are solved in time domain using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. The method suitably handled runs on GRID environment.

Materials scienceElectromagneticsApplied MathematicsElectromagnetic Simulationchemistry.chemical_elementMetallic Carbon NanotubeGeneral ChemistryMechanicsCarbon nanotubeElectronThermal conductionMeshlelaw.inventionSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaClassical mechanicschemistrylawMeshfree methodsTime domainCarbon
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A Novel Disintegration Tester for Solid Dosage Forms Enabling Adjustable Hydrodynamics.

2016

A modified in vitro disintegration test device was designed that enables the investigation of the influence of hydrodynamic conditions on disintegration of solid oral dosage forms. The device represents an improved derivative of the compendial PhEur/USP disintegration test device. By the application of a computerized numerical control, a variety of physiologically relevant moving velocities and profiles can be applied. With the help of computational fluid dynamics, the hydrodynamic and mechanical forces present in the probe chamber were characterized for a variety of device moving speeds. Furthermore, a proof of concept study aimed at the investigation of the influence of hydrodynamic condi…

Materials scienceTime FactorsPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration Oral02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamics030226 pharmacology & pharmacyDosage form03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineShear stressTechnology PharmaceuticalComputer SimulationImmediate releasebusiness.industryMechanicsModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBody FluidsFasted stateHydrodynamics0210 nano-technologybusinessShear StrengthSoftwareTabletsJournal of pharmaceutical sciences
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Investigation of the hemodynamic flow conditions and blood-induced stresses inside an abdominal aortic aneurysm by means of a SPH numerical model.

2019

The estimation of blood flow-induced loads occurring on the artery wall is affected by uncertainties hidden in the complex interaction of the pulsatile flow, the mechanical parameters of the artery, and the external support conditions. To circumvent these difficulties, a specific tool is developed by combining the aorta displacements measured by an electrocardiogram-gated-computed tomography angiography, with the blood velocity field computed by a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical model. In the present work, the SPH model has been specifically adapted to the solution of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations inside a domain with boundaries of prescribed motion. Images of the abdominal…

Materials scienceTime FactorsQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansPhysics::Medical PhysicsBiomedical EngineeringPulsatile flowHemodynamicsSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaPhysics::Fluid DynamicsAneurysmDiastolemedicine.arterymedicineShear stressPressureHumansComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyAortamedicine.diagnostic_testCardiac cycleApplied MathematicsHemodynamicsModels CardiovascularMechanicsmedicine.diseaseAbdominal aortic aneurysmBiomechanical PhenomenaComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationAngiographycardiovascular systemHydrodynamicsStress MechanicalInfrarenal abdominal aorta aneurysm shear stresses arterial wall SPH moving boundarySoftwareAlgorithmsBlood Flow VelocityAortic Aneurysm AbdominalInternational journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineeringREFERENCES
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On the use of a meshless solver for PDEs governing electromagnetic transients

2009

In this paper some key elements of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics methodology suitably reformulated for analyzing electromagnetic transients are investigated. The attention is focused on the interpolating smoothing kernel function which strongly influences the computational results. Some issues are provided by adopting the polynomial reproducing conditions. Validation tests involving Gaussian and cubic B-spline smoothing kernel functions in one and two dimensions are reported.

Mathematical optimizationPolynomialPartial differential equationApplied MathematicsB-splineNumerical analysisGaussianMeshless particle methodSmoothed Particle Hydrodynamics methodMaxwell's equationSolverSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeElectromagnetic transientsymbolsApplied mathematicsSmoothingMathematicsApplied Mathematics and Computation
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