Search results for "immunotherapy"
showing 10 items of 830 documents
mRNA Vaccination and Personalized Cancer Therapy
2014
Nucleic acid vaccines link two prerequisites for success, namely, the delivery of molecularly defined antigens as vaccine targets of interest and an inherent adjuvant activity. As compared to DNA-based approaches, in vitro-transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) is a safer drug format due to the adjustable, transient expression and lack of genomic integration. In contrast to viral vector vaccines, mRNA vaccination is not limited by the emergence of immune responses against antigens produced by the viral vector backbones. Thus, mRNA vaccines are particularly attractive for cancer immunotherapy for which induction of clinically meaningful antigen-specific immune responses depends on repeated immuniz…
Etude des mécanismes d'action d'une immunothérapie par un lipide A, seul ou associé à l'oxaliplatine, dans des modèles de cancers coliques
2013
Colorectal cancer is a major public health concern in France. Resistance to standard chemotherapy requires development of novel therapeutic approaches. In the past decades, our team showed the immunotherapeutic properties of lipid A in a model of colon cancer in rats. 95% of rats bearing small carcinomas were cured following treatment by lipid A. The study of mechanisms underlying this immunotherapy allowed us to show that the antitumor effect of lipid A was dependent on cytotoxicity induced by granzyme B produced by intratumoral neutrophils. Indeed, we have shown that, in the tumor microenvironment, neutrophils produced granzyme B and had a pro-tumorigenic N2 phenotype. When rats were trea…
THE KEY ROLE OF THE CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANTICANCER THERAPIES: A PILOT STUDY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUN…
2021
Lung cancer accounts for a quarter of all mortality cases worldwide. To date, numerous efforts have been done to identify the best therapeutic approach, especially in the advanced stage of the disease, and to extend the overall survival of patients. Careful surveillance of patients during therapy is essential in order to identify undesirable effects and to evaluate possible adverse reactions in case of coadministration. This study aims to compare two types of anticancer therapy, immunotherapy and chemotherapy, administered to NSCLC patients in the Medical Oncology Unit of the ARNAS “Di Cristina Benfratelli” Civic Hospital in Palermo (Italy), and to highlight the key role of clinical pharmac…
The effect of allergen immunotherapy in the onset of new sensitizations: a meta-analysis.
2017
Background Although the preventive efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in the onset of new allergen sensitizations has been asserted by many reviews, position papers, and consensus conferences, the evidence available is from only 3 studies. The objective of this work was a systematic review to evaluate the preventive efficacy of AIT in the onset of new allergen sensitizations. The end-point was the risk difference (RD) in the onset of new allergen sensitizations between patients treated with AIT and pharmacotherapy. Methods Computerized bibliographic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library (until November 30th, 2016) were done. Random-effects and fixed-effects model meta-…
Positioning the principles of precision medicine in care pathways for allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis â A EUFOREA-ARIA-EPOS-AIRWAYS IC…
2017
Precision medicine (PM) is increasingly recognized as the way forward for optimizing patient care. Introduced in the field of oncology, it is now considered of major interest in other medical domains like allergy and chronic airway diseases, which face an urgent need to improve the level of disease control, enhance patient satisfaction and increase effectiveness of preventive interventions. The combination of personalized care, prediction of treatment success, prevention of disease and patient participation in the elaboration of the treatment plan is expected to substantially improve the therapeutic approach for individuals suffering from chronic disabling conditions. Given the emerging dat…
Extracellular Vesicles and Tumor-Immune Escape: Biological Functions and Clinical Perspectives
2020
The modulation of the immune system is one of the hallmarks of cancer. It is now widely described that cancer cells are able to evade the immune response and thus establish immune tolerance. The exploration of the mechanisms underlying this ability of cancer cells has always attracted the scientific community and is the basis for the development of new promising cancer therapies. Recent evidence has highlighted how extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a mechanism by which cancer cells promote immune escape by inducing phenotypic changes on different immune cell populations. In this review, we will discuss the recent findings on the role of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) in re…
Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin in Experimental Bladder Cancer
2000
Objectives: Keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) is a high-molecular-weight protein antigen collected from the haemolymph of the sea mollusk Megathura crenulata. It i
Chaperonopathies and chaperonotherapy. Hsp60 as therapeutic target in cancer: potential benefits and risks.
2013
In this minireview we focus on Hsp60 as a target for anticancer therapy. We discuss the new concepts of chaperonopathies and chaperonotherapy and present information on Hsp60 localization in the cell membrane of human tumor cells. We describe novel mechanisms for Hsp60 reaching the extracellular environment that involve membrane-associated stages, as well as data on anti-Hsp60 antibodies found in human sera, both in normal subjects and patients affected by autoimmune diseases. Finally, we discuss possible therapeutic applications of anti-Hsp60 antibodies in cancer treatment, evaluating also side effects on non-tumor cells. In conclusion, the way for investigating Hsp60-targeted anti-tumor t…
Achieving dendritic cell subset-specific targeting in vivo by site-directed conjugation of targeting antibodies to nanocarriers
2021
AbstractThe major challenge of nanocarrier-based anti-cancer vaccination approaches is the targeted delivery of antigens and immunostimulatory agents to cells of interest, such as specific subtypes of dendritic cells (DCs), in order to induce robust antigen-specific anti-tumor responses. An undirected cell and body distribution of nanocarriers can lead to unwanted delivery to other immune cell types like macrophages reducing the vaccine efficacy. An often-used approach to overcome this issue is the surface functionalization of nanocarriers with targeting moieties, such as antibodies, mediating cell type-specific interaction. Numerous studies could successfully prove the targeting efficiency…
Reduced in vitro T-cell responses induced by glutaraldehyde-modified allergen extracts are caused mainly by retarded internalization of dendritic cel…
2012
Summary Although allergen-specific immunotherapy is a clinically effective therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases, the risk of IgE-mediated adverse effects still exists. For this reason, chemically modified allergoids have been introduced, which may destroy IgE-binding sites while T-cell activation should be retained. The aim of the study was to analyse the differences between intact allergens and differently modified/aggregated allergoids concerning their internalization as well as T-cell and basophil activation. For this purpose human monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (DC) were incubated with Phleum pratense or Betula verrucosa pollen extract or with the corresponding allergoi…