Search results for "immunotherapy"

ID: 213

2015

The epithelium is the main entry point for many viruses, but the processes that protect barrier surfaces against viral infections are incompletely understood. Here we identified interleukin 22 (IL-22) produced by innate lymphoid cell group 3 (ILC3) as an amplifier of signaling via interferon- λ (IFN- λ ) , a synergism needed to curtail the replication of rotavirus, the leading cause of childhood gastroenteritis. Cooperation between the receptor for IL-22 and the receptor for IFN- λ , both of which were ‘preferentially’ expressed by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), was required for optimal activation of the transcription factor STAT1 and expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). T…

T-Cell Vaccination in Patients with Nickel Allergic Contact Dermatitis

1995

Application of polymeric nanoparticles in immunotherapy.

2012

Purpose of review The purpose of the present review is to underline the importance of nanoparticulate carriers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, in the future development of safe and effective formulation in the field of immunotherapy against infectious diseases and cancer. Recent findings Polymeric nanoparticles can modulate the immune response, that is, by targeting antigens to dendritic cells that possess a crucial role in initiating immune responses, and might be potentially useful in immunotherapy. Summary In the last decades, significant progress in research and clinics has been made to offer possible innovative therapeutics for the management of infectious diseases and cancer. Polyme…

Evolution of the Regulatory Landscape for Immunomodulatory Compounds and Personalized Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines

2014

The term cancer immunotherapy covers a huge range of different therapeutic interventions based on highly diverse medicinal products. Some immunotherapy products such as monoclonal antibodies have successfully been developed during the last years and contributed to major advances in cancer therapy. Development of cancer vaccines seemed to be more challenging. Nevertheless, some promising candidates are currently in late-stage clinical development, and one product (sipuleucel-T) was recently approved in the United States (USA) and in the European Union (EU). Additionally, cell therapy approaches based on adoptive lymphocyte transfer have recently come into focus due to surprisingly efficient …

Heat Shock Proteins in Renal Cell Carcinomas

2005

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents one of the most common cancer types in the Western World. One third of the RCC patients had metastasis at presentation with a poor 5-year survival. Nephrectomy is the most important treatment modality of this disease, since most of the RCCs are resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Recent immunotherapeutic approaches have been shown to improve the survival rate of RCC patients. Thus, RCC appears to have an immunogenic basis, and therefore represents an attractive target for immunotherapies. So far, only a few RCC-associated antigens have been characterized. However, with the implementation of ome-based technologies, an increasing nu…

Combining conventional chemotherapy and γδ T cell-based immunotherapy to target cancer-initiating cells.

2013

According to common beliefs, conventional anticancer chemotherapy is deleterious for the immune system. We have recently provided in vitro evidence indicating that conventional chemotherapy may potentiate, rather than impair, the long-term efficacy of γδ T cell-based anticancer immunotherapy.

Alfavīrusu vektoru izstrāde makrofāgu aktvācijai vēža imunoterapijā

2016

Audzēju-iefiltrējošiem makrofāgiem piemīt gan spēja veicināt audzēja attīstību, gan inhibēt, attiecībā no to aktivācijas stāvokļa. In vitro pētījumos ir ticis parādīts, ka, iedarbojoties ar interferonu-g (IFN-γ) kopā ar Toll-like receptora (TLR) ligandu, tika ierosināts M1 makrofāgu fenotips, kas tiek asociēts ar audzēja iznīcināšanu. Audzēja imūnterapiju varētu nodrošināt M1 makrofāgu fenotipa inducēšana audzēju-iefiltrējošos makrofāgos. Šajā darbā mēs izvērtējām Semliki meža vīrusa (SFV) vektoru potenciālu makrofāgu aktivācijā pret vēzi. SFV tika izmantots, lai konstruētu replikācijas defektīvus konstruktus ar ieklonētiem peļu audzēja nekrozes faktora (mTNFα), peļu IFNγ un cilvēka IFNγ gē…

Meeting the Challenge of Targeting Cancer Stem Cells

2019

Notwithstanding cancer patients benefit from a plethora of therapeutic alternatives, drug resistance remains a critical hurdle. Indeed, the high mortality rate is associated with metastatic disease, which is mostly incurable due to the refractoriness of metastatic cells to current treatments. Increasing data demonstrate that tumors contain a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) able to establish primary tumor and metastasis. CSCs are endowed with multiple treatment resistance capabilities comprising a highly efficient DNA damage repair machinery, the activation of survival pathways, enhanced cellular plasticity, immune evasion and the adaptation to a hostile microenvironment. Due…

Immunotherapy targeting colon cancer stem cells

2010

In the last 10 years, cancer stem cells have interested the scientific community because this small tumorigenic population is also associated with tumor progression in human patients and specific targeting of cancer stem cells could be a strategy to eradicate cancers currently resistant to conventional therapy. Clinical studies have recently demonstrated that adding immune therapy to chemotherapy has survival benefits in comparison with chemotherapy alone that can sensitize tumors to immune cell-mediated killing (e.g., increasing sensitivity of tumor cells to subsequent cytotoxicity by T cells via upregulation of death receptors DR5 and Fas). However, loss of MHC molecules is often observe…

Management of metabolic adverse events of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients: an Associazione Italiana Oncologia …

2020

The growing insights in the next-generation immunotherapy and the state-of-the-art advancement in targeted-agents significantly improved clinical outcome of cancer patients by pointing towards a unexplored Achilles' heel. Novel toxicity profiles have been uncovered, representing unmet medical needs. Thus, a panel of expert provide comprehensive pharmacological and clinical evidence, to provide a patient-tailored approach to metabolic adverse events associated with novel anti-cancer treatments. Prompted by the need of a multidisciplinary cooperation, a working group of Associazione Italiana Oncologia Medica (AIOM), Associazione Medici Diabetologi (AMD) and Societa Italiana Farmacologia (SIF)…