Search results for "inflammation"
showing 10 items of 2662 documents
Pioglitazone Reduces Secondary Brain Damage after Experimental Brain Trauma by PPAR-γ-Independent Mechanisms
2011
Inflammatory and ischemic processes contribute to the development of secondary brain damage after mechanical brain injury. Recent data suggest that thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of drugs approved for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effectively reduces inflammation and brain lesion by stimulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). The present study investigates the influence of the TZD pioglitazone and rosiglitazone on inflammation and secondary brain damage after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). A controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury was induced in male C57BL/6 mice to investigate following endpoints: (1) mRNA expression…
Metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects of a home-based programme of aerobic physical exercise
2013
Summary Aims Regular exercise demonstrated the ability to provide enormous benefits to many diseases, atherosclerotic-based, degenerative and neoplastic, but also to grant anti-inflammatory actions, assessed by various authors in different populations. Despite of these clear benefits, many patients are unable to attain long-term results through chronic physical activity for different causes. On this basis, the aim of our study was to assess the metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects of a home-based programme of fast walking in patients affected by metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods We enrolled 176 subjects with MS as stated by ATP III criteria. Patients were invited to walk for…
Ocular ductions after rectus muscle recession and resection in thyroid eye disease.
2019
Background: Recession and resection of rectus muscles for correction of strabismus in Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is relatively unpopular as it is assumed to enhance the restriction of ocular ductions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare ductions of recession only and recess/resect procedures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 119 patients who underwent strabismus surgery for TED from 1991 to 2015, of which 102 were included in the present study. Forty-six interventions were performed on horizontal, 56 on vertical rectus muscles; comprising 41 recess/resect surgeries for horizontal deviations, and 7 in patients with vertical strabismus. Ocular ductions and ali…
ADIPONECTIN, RESISTIN AND IL-6 PLASMA LEVELS IN SUBJECTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT AND POSSIBLE CORRELATION WITH CLINICAL VARIABLES AND CARDIOVASCULAR CO-MO…
2010
Abstract Introduction It is very suggestive that diabetic foot is characterized by a pronounced inflammatory reaction and the pathogenic significance of this inflammation has received little attention. On this basis the aim of our study was to evaluate plasma levels of adiponectin, resistin and IL-6 in subjects with diabetic foot in comparison with subjects without foot complications. Materials and methods We recruited 34 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and foot ulceration hospitalized for every condition related to diabetic disease, but not for new vascular events (group A). As controls we recruited 37 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without foot ulceration (group B) hospital…
Inflammation in right ventricular dysfunction due to thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
2009
Activation of the immune system is well established in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and impaired left ventricular function. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with a poor prognosis. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) frequently leads to impaired right ventricular function. It is not known whether such patients display chronic immune activation as well.We studied 49 patients with CTEPH (50±2 years, right ventricular ejection fraction [RVEF] 29±2%, left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] 51±3%, mean±SEM) and compared their results with 17 patients with CHF (71±2 years, LVEF 23±1%) and 34 age-matched control subjects (age 57±2 years). We …
CD14 C (-260)T polymorphism, atherosclerosis, elderly: Role of cytokines and metallothioneins.
2007
Abstract Background CD14 receptor is a mediator of the inflammatory response to bacterial products. A functional polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 gene (CD14 C-260T) was associated with coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis albeit with conflicting data. Methods To better clarify the role of CD14 in atherosclerosis, we typed CD14 C-260T polymorphism in old Italian (Central of Italy) atherosclerotic patients with carotid stenosis related to lipid assessment, inflammation (soluble CD14, IL-6 serum levels) and IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, Metallothioneins (MT) gene expressions in carotid plaques. Results There was an increased frequency of TT homozygotes in patients when compared to controls…
Changes in serum fetuin-A and inflammatory markers levels in end-stage renal disease (ESRD): effect of a single session haemodialysis.
2007
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a single haemodialysis (HD) session on serum fetuin-A levels, considered a negative acute phase response marker; moreover, we evaluated the behaviour of fibrinogen and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as acute phase response and chronic/subclinical inflammation markers, respectively, after a single HD session. Methods: Serum fetuin-A, albumin, hsCRP and fibrinogen were measured in 72 patients before and after a single HD session. Results: After a single HD session, we observed a significant increase in fibrinogen levels, while fetuin-A levels decreased (p<0.05). Also, hsCRP levels were significantly increased.…
Association between Obesity History and Hand Grip Strength in Older Adults-Exploring the Roles of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance as Mediating Fa…
2011
Background: To examine the association between obesity history and hand grip strength, and whether the association is partly explained by subclinical inflammation and insulin resistance. Methods:Data are from 2,021 men and women aged 55 years and older participating in the representative population-based Health 2000 Survey in Finland. Body mass and body height, maximal hand grip strength, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance based on homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) were measured in a health examination. Recalled weight at 20, 30, 40, and 50 years of age were recorded to obtain a hierarchical classification of obesity history. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2. R…
Plasma levels of inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic markers in acute ischemic strokes: Relationship with TOAST subtype, outcome and infarct site
2009
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with acute ischemic stroke the relationship between immuno-inflammatory variables, clinical outcome and infarct site. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated plasma levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10, E-selectin, P-selectin, sICAM-1 ,sVCAM-1 vWF, TPA and PAI-1. RESULTS: Patients with cardioembolic subtype showed significantly higher median plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta whereas the lacunar subtype showed significantly lower median plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association was noted between the severity of neurological deficit at admission, the diagnostic subtype and so…
Irradiation of the head reduces adult hippocampal neurogenesis and impairs spatial memory, but leaves overall health intact in rats.
2021
Treatment of brain cancer, glioma, can cause cognitive impairment as a side‐effect, possibly because it disrupts the integrity of the hippocampus, a structure vital for normal memory. Radiotherapy is commonly used to treat glioma, but the effects of irradiation on the brain are still poorly understood, and other biological effects have not been extensively studied. Here we exposed healthy adult male rats to small and moderate‐dose irradiation of the head. We found no effect of irradiation on systemic inflammation, weight gain or gut microbiota diversity, although it increased the abundance of Bacteroidaceae family, namely Bacteroides genus in the gut microbiota. Irradiation had no effect on…