Search results for "informatics"

The Relationship Between Tooth Size Discrepancy and Archform Classification in Orthodontic Patients

2015

Background: To determine the relationship between clinically significant tooth size discrepancies (TSD) and archform classification in orthodontic patients. Material and Methods: Two hundred and forty consecutive sets of pre-treatment orthodontic study models were scanned and landmarked. All models had permanent teeth erupted from first molar to first molar in both arches. Sixty sets of images were classified into two groups of 30 according to the presence (group 1) or absence (group 2) of a clinically significant overall or anterior TSD (>2 SD from Bolton’s original means). Mean upper and lower archforms were created for each group using a fourth degree polynomial curve. Upper and lower ar…

Siliceous spicules enhance fracture-resistance and stiffness of pre-colonial Amazonian ceramics

2015

AbstractPottery was a traditional art and technology form in pre-colonial Amazonian civilizations, widely used for cultural expression objects, utensils and as cooking vessels. Abundance and workability of clay made it an excellent choice. However, inferior mechanical properties constrained their functionality and durability. The inclusion of reinforcement particles is a possible route to improve its resistance to mechanical and thermal damage. The Amazonian civilizations incorporated freshwater tree sponge spicules (cauixí) into the clay presumably to prevent shrinkage and crack propagation during drying, firing and cooking. Here we show that isolated siliceous spicules are almost defect-f…

Blood Component Therapy and Coagulopathy in Trauma: A Systematic Review of the Literature from the Trauma Update Group

2016

Background Traumatic coagulopathy is thought to increase mortality and its treatment to reduce preventable deaths. However, there is still uncertainty in this field, and available literature results may have been overestimated. Methods We searched the MEDLINE database using the PubMed platform. We formulated four queries investigating the prognostic weight of traumatic coagulopathy defined according to conventional laboratory testing, and the effectiveness in reducing mortality of three different treatments aimed at contrasting coagulopathy (high fresh frozen plasma/packed red blood cells ratios, fibrinogen, and tranexamic acid administration). Randomized controlled trials were selected alo…

Annotation of microsporidian genomes using transcriptional signals

2012

EA GenoSol CT3; International audience; High-quality annotation of microsporidian genomes is essential for understanding the biological processes that govern the development of these parasites. Here we present an improved structural annotation method using transcriptional DNA signals. We apply this method to re-annotate four previously annotated genomes, which allow us to detect annotation errors and identify a significant number of unpredicted genes. We then annotate the newly sequenced genome of Anncaliia algerae. A comparative genomic analysis of A. algerae permits the identification of not only microsporidian core genes, but also potentially highly expressed genes encoding membrane-asso…

Epigenetic activation of a cryptic TBC1D16 transcript enhances melanoma progression by targeting EGFR

2015

Metastasis is respoMetastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths, and, among common tumor types, melanoma is one with great potential to metastasize. Here we study the contribution of epigenetic changes to the dissemination process by analyzing the changes that occur at the DNA methylation level between primary cancer cells and metastases. We found a hypomethylation event that reactivates a cryptic transcript of the Rab GTPase activating protein TBC1D16 (TBC1D16-47 kDa; referred to hereafter as TBC1D16-47KD) to be a characteristic feature of the metastatic cascade. This short isoform of TBC1D16 exacerbates melanoma growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. By combining imm…

Analyzing Oligomerization of Individual Transmembrane Helices and of Entire Membrane Proteins in E. coli: A Hitchhiker’s Guide to GALLEX

2012

Genetic systems, which allow monitoring interactions of individual transmembrane α-helices within the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium Escherichia coli, are now widely used to probe the structural biology and energetics of helix-helix interactions and the consequences of mutations. In contrast to other systems, the GALLEX system allows studying homo- as well as heterooligomerization of individual transmembrane α-helices, and even enables estimation of the energetics of helix-helix interactions within a biological membrane. Given that many polytopic membrane proteins form oligomers within membranes, the GALLEX system represents a unique and powerful approach to monitor formation and sta…

Improving the Techniques for Human Hepatocyte Transplantation: Report from a Consensus Meeting in London

2012

On September 6 and 7, 2009 a meeting was held in London to identify and discuss what are perceived to be current roadblocks to effective hepatocyte transplantation as it is currently practiced in the clinics and, where possible, to offer suggestions to overcome the blocks and improve the outcomes for this cellular therapy. Present were representatives of most of the active clinical hepatocyte transplant programs along with other scientists who have contributed substantial basic research to this field. Over the 2-day sessions based on the experience of the participants, numerous roadblocks or challenges were identified, including the source of cells for the transplants and problems with tra…

RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS IN CLINICAL ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

1996

An Internet-based treatment for Flying Phobia using 360° images: Study protocol for a feasibility pilot study

2021

Background Flying Phobia (FP) is a prevalent disorder that can cause serious interference in a person's life. ICBT interventions have already shown their efficacy in several studies, but studies in the field of specific phobias are still scarce. Moreover, few studies have investigated the feasibility of using different types of images in exposure scenarios in ICBTs and no studies have been carried out on the role of sense of presence and reality judgement. The aim of the present study is to explore the feasibility of an ICBT for FP (NO-FEAR Airlines) using two types of images with different levels of immersion (still and navigable images). A secondary aim is to explore the potential effecti…

From Bench to Bedside—The Bad Berka Experience With First-in-Human Studies

2019

Precision oncology is being driven by rapid advances in novel diagnostics and therapeutic interventions, with treatments targeted to the needs of individual patients on the basis of genetic, biomarker, phenotypic, or psychosocial characteristics that distinguish a given patient from other patients with similar clinical presentations. Inherent in the theranostics paradigm is the assumption that diagnostic test results can precisely determine whether an individual is likely to benefit from a specific treatment. As part and integral in the current era of precision oncology, theranostics in the context of nuclear medicine aims to identify the appropriate molecular targets in neoplasms (diagnost…