Search results for "injections"
showing 10 items of 518 documents
Risk of laryngeal edema and facial swellings after tooth extraction in patients with hereditary angioedema with and without prophylaxis with C1 inhib…
2010
Objective Tooth extractions may trigger clinical symptoms of hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1-INH). The aim of this study was to determine how many tooth extractions were followed by symptoms of HAE-C1-INH in patients with and without preoperative short-term prophylaxis with C1 inhibitor concentrate. Study design Tooth extractions and clinical symptoms of HAE-C1-INH were determined from clinical record files of 171 patients with HAE-C1-INH. Results Facial swelling or potentially life-threatening laryngeal edema, or both, occurred in 124/577 tooth extractions (21.5%) without prophylaxis. Similar symptoms occurred in a fewer proportion of patients undergoing extrac…
Clusterin and LRP2 are critical components of the hypothalamic feeding regulatory pathway.
2012
Hypothalamic feeding circuits are essential for the maintenance of energy balance. There have been intensive efforts to discover new biological molecules involved in these pathways. Here we report that central administration of clusterin, also called apolipoprotein J, causes anorexia, weight loss and activation of hypothalamic signal transduction-activated transcript-3 in mice. In contrast, inhibition of hypothalamic clusterin action results in increased food intake and body weight, leading to adiposity. These effects are likely mediated through the mutual actions of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-2, a potential receptor for clusterin, and the long-form leptin receptor…
Immune-mediated change in the expression of a sexual trait predicts offspring survival in the wild.
2011
9 pages; International audience; BACKGROUND: The "good genes" theory of sexual selection postulates that females choose mates that will improve their offspring's fitness through the inheritance of paternal genes. In spite of the attention that this hypothesis has given rise to, the empirical evidence remains sparse, mostly because of the difficulties of controlling for the many environmental factors that may covary with both the paternal phenotype and offspring fitness. Here, we tested the hypothesis that offspring sired by males of a preferred phenotype should have better survival in an endangered bird, the houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata undulata). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We…
Functional Evaluation of THIQ, a Melanocortin 4 Receptor Agonist, in Models of Food Intake and Inflammation
2007
The central melanocortinergic system plays an important role in regulating different aspects of energy homeostasis and the immunomodulatory response. In the present study, we evaluated the in vivo activities of food intake suppression and anti-inflammatory activity of THIQ, which has been proposed to possess high and selective melanocortin-4 receptor agonistic activity in vitro. The results showed that THIQ (0.1, 0.3 and 1 nmol/rat, intracerebroventricularly) is less effective in reducing food intake and body weights of rats than the non-selective melanocortin receptor agonist melanotan II. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements in mice brain tissue showed that THIQ at doses of 0.001 …
Neuronal activity triggers uptake of hematopoietic extracellular vesicles in vivo
2019
Communication with the hematopoietic system is a vital component of regulating brain function in health and disease. Traditionally, the major routes considered for this neuroimmune communication are by individual molecules such as cytokines carried by blood, by neural transmission, or, in more severe pathologies, by the entry of peripheral immune cells into the brain. In addition, functional mRNA from peripheral blood can be directly transferred to neurons via extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the parameters that determine their uptake are unknown. Using varied animal models that stimulate neuronal activity by peripheral inflammation, optogenetics, and selective proteasome inhibition of dop…
Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab induces inflammatory alterations in a uveitis experimental model.
2010
PurposeBevacizumab is currently used as an intravitreal agent in the treatment of inflammatory-associated eye diseases. The aim of the current study is to explore the effects of the intravitreal injection of bevacizumab on aqueous humour cytokines and chemokines in an experimental uveitis model.MethodsEndotoxin-induced uveitis was induced in rats by footpad injections. Bevacizumab was administered by intravitreal injection (75 μg in 3–μL samples) and different chemokine and cytokine proteins were quantified in aqueous humor.ResultsIntravitreal administration of bevacizumab led to a several-fold increase of RANTES, MCP-1, and IFN-γ concentrations in aqueous humor of endotoxin-treated rats.Co…
Treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma with percutaneous ethanol injection: a validated prognostic model.
2000
OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous ethanol injection may prolong the survival of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis. The aim was to identify prognostic factors of survival and of local recurrence, as well as separate new lesions. METHODS: We performed Cox regression analysis in 115 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (81 Child-Pugh class A, 34 Child-Pugh class B) treated by percutaneous ethanol injection. The validity of the model was tested by comparing predicted and observed survival in 105 independent patients from an external series. RESULTS: Overall survival rates were 89%, 63%, and 43% at 1, 2, and 3 yr, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-yr surviv…
Radiofrequency thermal ablation vs. percutaneous ethanol injection for small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: meta-analysis of randomized contr…
2009
Radiofrequency thermal ablation (RF) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) have been employed in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as curative treatments. The aim of the study was to review the available evidence comparing RF to PEI for small HCC.Cochrane, MEDLINE, CANCERLIT, and ENBASE databases were used.randomized clinical trials evaluating RF vs. PEI. Data were extracted from each randomized controlled trial (RCT). Primary outcomes were overall survival and local recurrence. Meta-analysis software was used and risk differences (RDs) and their 95% confidence intervals and Q-test for heterogeneity were calculated.Five RCTs were identified including 701 patients. The…
MRI of the pulmonary parenchyma.
1999
Imaging of the pulmonary parenchyma represents a unique challenge for MRI. Limited signal is caused by low proton density, susceptibility artifacts, and physiological motion (cardiac pulsation, respiration). Recently, further improvements in MRI techniques have widened the potential for investigations of pulmonary parenchymal disease. These include very short echo times, ultrafast turbo-spin-echo acquisitions, projection reconstruction technique, breathhold imaging, ECG triggering, contrast agents (perfusion imaging, aerosols), sodium imaging, hyperpolarized noble gas imaging, and oxygen enhancement. By using widely available techniques, MRI is helpful in the assessment of (a) acute alveoli…
Generalization of seizures parallels the formation of "dark" neurons in the hippocampus and pontine reticular formation after focal-cortical applicat…
2008
Abstract Distribution and time course of the occurrence of “dark” neurons were compared with the EEG activity and behavior of rats during 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) induced epileptic seizures. A crystal of the K + channel blocker 4-AP (0.5 mg/kg) was placed onto the exposed parieto-occipital cortex of Halothane-anesthetized rats for 40 min. Thereafter, the anesthesia was discontinued and the behavioral signs of the epileptic seizure activity were observed. The presence of “dark” neurons was demonstrated by the sensitive silver method of Gallyas in rats sacrificed at 0, 3 and 6 h after the end of the 4-AP crystal application. The EEG activity was recorded in the rats with longer survival times. …