Search results for "integumentary system"
showing 10 items of 744 documents
Effect of the basidiomycete Poria cocos on experimental dermatitis and other inflammatory conditions.
1997
The hydroalcoholic extract from P. cocos was examined for oral and topical anti-inflammatory activities. It proved to be active against carrageenan, arachidonic acid, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) acute edemas, TPA chronic inflammation and oxazolone delayed hypersensitivity in mice. Two lanostane-type triterpenes were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods as dehydrotumulosic and pachymic acids. Their ID50 on acute TPA edema was 4.7 x 10(-3) and 6.8 x 10(-4) mumol/ear, respectively.
B?cells are not required for T?cell priming in low zone tolerance to contact allergens and contact hypersensitivity
2004
Low zone tolerance (LZT) to contact allergens is induced by epicutaneous exposure to haptens in subsensitizing doses resulting in an inhibition of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which, in contrast, occurs after sensitization with immunogenic doses of allergens. Performing the protocol of tolerance induction resulted in robust LZT to allergens in B cell-deficient mice in vivo, indicating that B cells are not required for the induction and effector phase of LZT. However, CHS reactions in vivo were restricted in B cell-deficient mice as compared to wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, analysis of hapten-specific T cell activation in vitro revealed a strong proliferative response of T cells deriv…
Cutaneous lymphocyte antigen expression on human effector B cells depends on the site and on the nature of antigen encounter
2003
In contrast to T cells, information on skin-homing B cells expressing the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) is sparse. CLA expression on human B cells was investigated among circulating immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) and among antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) elicited by parenteral, oral or rectal primary immunization, or by parenteral or oral secondary immunization with Salmonella typhi Ty21a. CLA expression was examined by combining cell sorting with an enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Among all ISC, the proportion of CLA(+) cells was 13-21%. Parenteral immunization induced antigen-specific ASC of which 13% were CLA(+), while oral and rectal immunizations were followe…
Interleukin-9 over-expression and T helper 9 polarization in systemic sclerosis patients.
2017
Summary T helper 9 (Th9) cells and interleukin (IL)-9 are involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. The exact role of IL-9 and Th9 cells in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have not yet been studied adequately. IL-9, IL-9R, transcription factor PU.1 (PU.1), IL-4, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression were assessed in skin and kidney biopsies of SSc patients and healthy controls (HC) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The cellular source of IL-9 was also analysed by confocal microscopy analysis. Peripheral IL-9-producing cells were also studied by flow cytometry. The functional relevance of IL-9 increased expression in SSc …
CD1a-positive infiltrating-dendritic cell density and 5-year survival from human breast cancer.
2003
Infiltrating CD1a(+) dendritic cells (DCs) have been associated with increased survival in a number of human cancers. This study investigated DC infiltration within breast cancers and the association with survival. Classical established prognostic factors, of tumour size, lymph node status, histological grade, lympho-vascular invasion, the KI-67 (MIB-1) fraction and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) were also compared. A total of 48 breast cancer patients were followed from the time of surgery and CD1a density analysis for 5 years or until death. Our data set validated previous studies, which show a relationship between survival and the NPI (P0.001), tumour size (P0.01) and lymph node s…
Skin-PAMPA: a new method for fast prediction of skin penetration.
2011
The goal of this study was to develop a quick, reliable, and cost-effective permeability model for predicting transdermal penetration of compounds. The Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) was chosen for this purpose, as it already has been successfully used for estimating passive gastrointestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability. To match the permeability of the rate-limiting barrier in human skin, synthetic certramides, which are analogs of the ceramides present in the stratum corneum, were selected for the skin-PAMPA model. The final skin-PAMPA membrane lipid mixture (certramide, free fatty acid, and cholesterol) was selected and optimized based on data …
Noncontact monitoring of vascular lesion phototherapy efficiency by RGB multispectral imaging.
2013
A prototype low-cost RGB imaging system consisting of a commercial RGB CMOS sensor, RGB light-emitting diode ring light illuminator, and a set of polarizers was designed and tested for mapping the skin erythema index, in order to monitor skin recovery after phototherapy of vascular lesions, such as hemangiomas and telangiectasias. The contrast of erythema index (CEI) was proposed as a parameter for quantitative characterization of vascular lesions. Skin recovery was characterized as a decrease of the CEI value relative to the value before the treatment. This approach was clinically validated by examining 31 vascular lesions before and after phototherapy.
Localized crusted scabies in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
1992
Summary Crusted scabies (CrS) is an uncommon occurrence among patients with AIDS. Indeed to date only five cases have been described, all with widespread lesions. A case of localized CrS appearing as a yellowish and crusted plaque on the second right toe is reported in a woman with AIDS. Scraping off the verrucous surface, as well as punch-biopsy revealed many mites within the horny layer. The infestation is related to the cutaneous immune response and thus CrS should be considered an opportunistic infestation in AIDS. The importance of the early diagnosis of CrS in order to prevent disseminated lesions and involvement of other health-care workers is underlined.
Activation of cutaneous immune responses in complex regional pain syndrome
2014
The pathogenesis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is unresolved, but tumor ne- crosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are elevated in experimental skin blister fluid from CRPS-affected limbs, as is tryptase, a marker for mast cells. In the rat fracture model of CRPS, exag- gerated sensory and sympathetic neural signaling stimulate keratinocyte and mast cell proliferation, causing the local production of high levels of inflammatory cytokines leading to pain behavior. The current investigation used CRPS patient skin biopsies to determine whether keratinocyte and mast cell proliferation occur in CRPS skin and to identify the cellular source of the up-regulated TNF-a, IL-6…
Special Program of Differentiation Expressed in Keratinocytes of Human Haarscheiben: An Analysis of Individual Cytokeratin Polypeptides
1993
Human haarscheiben, epidermal Merkel cell-rich sensory organs of hairy skin, were studied for the expression of various cytokeratin (CK) polypeptides and other epithelial and neuronal differentiation markers by applying immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence microscopy to frozen sections and by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The basal clusters of Merkel cells were specifically detected by antibodies against CK 20. Haarscheiben keratinocytes were unique mainly by the prominent expression of CK 17 in the lower and middle layers. Further differences as compared to keratinocytes of usual epidermis included the enlargement of the basal compartment, characterized by the expression of CK 5 …