Search results for "interleukin"
showing 10 items of 1856 documents
Kalanchoe pinnata inhibits mast cell activation and prevents allergic airway disease
2011
Aqueous extract of Kalanchoe pinnata (Kp) have been found effective in models to reduce acute anaphylactic reactions. In the present study, we investigate the effect of Kp and the flavonoid quercetin (QE) and quercitrin (QI) on mast cell activation in vitro and in a model of allergic airway disease in vivo. Treatment with Kp and QE in vitro inhibited degranulation and cytokine production of bone marrow-derived mast cells following IgE/FcɛRI crosslinking, whereas treatment with QI had no effect. Similarly, in vivo treatment with Kp and QE decreased development of airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, goblet cell metaplasia and production of IL-5, IL-13 and TNF. In contrast, treatm…
Langerhans Cells Prevent Autoimmunity via Expansion of Keratinocyte Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells
2017
Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis whose roles in antigen-specific immune regulation remain incompletely understood. Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) is a keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion molecule critical for epidermal integrity and an autoantigen in the autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus. Although antibody-mediated disease mechanisms in pemphigus are extensively characterized, the T cell aspect of this autoimmune disease still remains poorly understood. Herein, we utilized a mouse model of CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity against Dsg3 to show that acquisition of Dsg3 and subsequent presentation to T cells by LCs depended on the C-type lectin langerin. The lack of…
Carbon ions and X‑rays induce pro‑inflammatory effects in 3D oral mucosa models with and without PBMCs.
2014
Oral mucositis is a severe complication of radiotherapy. Hence, it may constitute a serious medical safety risk for astronauts during extended space flights, such as missions to Mars, during which they are exposed to heavy-ion irradiation. For risk assessment of developing radiation-induced mucositis, a three-dimensional (3D) organotypic oral mucosa model was irradiated with 12C heavy ions or X‑rays. The present study focused mainly on early radiation‑induced effects, such as the activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the expression or release of pro-inflammatory marker molecules. The 3D oral mucosa models with or without peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were irradiated with X…
Enhanced expression of IL-8 in normal human keratinocytes and human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT in vitro after stimulation with contact sensitizers,…
1994
Abstract To investigate the interleukin-8 production of keratinocytes after stimulation in vitro we have used various agents: (i) contact sensi-tizer (2,4-dinitrofiuorobenzene, 3-n-penladecylcatechol); (ii) tolerogen (5-methyl-3-n-pentadecylcatechol); (iii) irritant (sodium lauryl sulfate). Interleukin-8 gene expression was assessed by northern blot hybridization of the total cytoplasmic RNA extracted from subconfluent normal human keratinocyte cultures and the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT using a radiolabeled DNA probe specific for human interleukin-8. Intcrleukin-8 gene expression was markedly increased upon in vitro stimulation after 1-6 h with contact sensitizers, tolerogen and the irri…
Resealing of large transmembrane pores produced by streptolysin O in nucleated cells is accompanied by NF‐κB activation and downstream events
2001
Streptolysin O (SLO), archetype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial cytolysin, forms large pores in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. We have recently reported that when a limited number of pores are generated in a cell, they can be sealed in a Ca++-dependent process. Here, we show that resealing is followed by the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from keratinocytes and from endothelial cells, both relevant targets for SLO attack. Production of cytokines by these cells was preceded by activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB, which thus emerges as a common denominator of stress responses to various pore-forming agents, including alpha-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus and compleme…
Keratinocytes Determine Th1 Immunity during Early Experimental Leishmaniasis
2010
Experimental leishmaniasis is an excellent model system for analyzing Th1/Th2 differentiation. Resistance to Leishmania (L.) major depends on the development of a L. major specific Th1 response, while Th2 differentiation results in susceptibility. There is growing evidence that the microenvironment of the early affected tissue delivers the initial triggers for Th-cell differentiation. To analyze this we studied differential gene expression in infected skin of resistant and susceptible mice 16h after parasite inoculation. Employing microarray technology, bioinformatics, laser-microdissection and in-situ-hybridization we found that the epidermis was the major source of immunomodulatory mediat…
Identification of avarol derivatives as potential antipsoriatic drugs using an in vitro model for keratinocyte growth and differentiation.
2006
Contains fulltext : 49512schalkwijk.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Avarol, a marine sesquiterpenoid hydroquinone, and 14 avarol derivatives have shown interesting anti-inflammatory properties in previous studies. In this study, avarol and derivatives were evaluated in high-throughput keratinocyte culture models using cytokeratin 10 and SKALP/Elafin expression as markers for respectively normal and psoriatic differentiation. Avarol and five of its derivatives (5, 10, 13, 14 and 15) were selected for further study. Only 10, 13, 14 and 15 were able to inhibit keratinocyte cell growth. Changes in expression levels of 22 genes were assessed by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). From …
Local administration of antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides to the c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, suppresses airway inflammation and IL-4 pr…
2001
Abstract Background: The c-kit ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), is an important activating and chemotactic factor for both mast cells and eosinophils. These cells are known to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Objective: Our goal was to analyze the functional role of SCF in the pathogenesis of asthma. Methods: The expression of SCF was targeted in fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and locally in a murine model of asthma in mice induced by ovalbumin sensitization with an antisense DNA strategy. Results: We could suppress SCF expression in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and SP1 epithelial cells by a specific antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide overlapping the translation start si…
Epidermal Cells Enhance Interleukin 4 and Immunoglobulin E Production After Stimulation with Protein Allergen
1996
Exposure to certain allergens via epithelial tissues is the primary route for tile induction of immunoglobulin E–dependent allergies of the immediate type associated with atopic diseases. In order to address the question whether and how epithelial cells might contribute to the induction or increase of T H2 -dependent IgE production, we performed co-culture experiments of syngeneic epidermal cells and cells from the associated lymphoid tissue or spleen (responder cells) of BALB/c mice primed with ovalbumin in vivo . In the presence of ovalbumin in vitro , immunoglobulin E but not immunoglobulin G 2a production was significantly enhanced by the addition of epidermal cells, and separation of e…
Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis in Mice Depends on the IL-17 Signaling of Keratinocytes
2018
The pathology of psoriasis strongly depends on IL-17A. Monoclonal antibodies blocking either the cytokine or its receptor are among the most efficient treatments for psoriatic patients. Keratinocytes can be activated upon exposure to IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor-α and secrete secondary cytokines and chemokines in the inflamed skin. In psoriasis and its imiquimod-induced mouse model, a strong skin infiltration of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes can be observed. However, to date, it is not clear how exactly those cellular populations are attracted to the skin and how they contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. To define the crucial cell type responding to IL-17 and initiati…