Search results for "interleukin"
showing 10 items of 1856 documents
Interleukin-25-mediated resistance against intestinal trematodes does not depend on the generation of Th2 responses
2020
AbstractInterleukin-25 (IL-25) is recognized as the most relevant initiator of protective Th2 responses in intestinal helminth infections. It is well known that IL-25 induces resistance against several species of intestinal helminths, including the trematode Echinostoma caproni. E. caproni has been extensively used as an experimental model to study the factors determining the resistance to intestinal infections. Herein, we assessed the role of IL-25 in the generation of resistance in mice to E. caproni infections. ICR mice are permissive hosts for E. caproni in which chronic infections are developed in relation to the lack of IL-25 production in response to primary infection and the consequ…
T cell Polarization toward T(H)2/T(FH)2 and T(H)17/T(FH)17 in Patients with IgG4-related Disease
2017
International audience; IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory disorder involving virtually every organ with a risk of organ dysfunction. Despite recent studies regarding B cell and T cell compartments, the disease's pathophysiology remains poorly understood. We examined and characterized subsets of circulating lymphocytes in untreated patients with active IgG4-RD. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-RD were included in a prospective, multicentric study. Lymphocyte's subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry, with analysis of T(H)1/T(H)2/T(H)17, T-FH cells, and cytokine release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results were compared to healthy contro…
Tumor-derived immuno-modulators induce overlapping pro-tolerogenic gene expression signatures in human dendritic cells.
2016
Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) and tolerogenic DCs are essential for the induction and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Tumors produce immuno-modulatory factors which imprint a pro-tolerogenic, maturation-resistant state in DCs. Here we asked for common markers of differentially tolerized human monocyte-derived DC populations. For this, PBMC-derived monocytes were differentiated to DCs in the presence of established immuno-modulators as released by tumors (IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, glucocorticoid [GC], prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]). Most unstimulated pro-tolerogenic DC populations commonly over-expressed some tolerance-associated markers (ILT-4, IL-10, HO-1) as compared with iDCs. These markers m…
HSP60 activity on human bronchial epithelial cells
2017
HSP60 has been implicated in chronic inflammatory disease pathogenesis, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the mechanisms by which this chaperonin would act are poorly understood. A number of studies suggest a role for extracellular HSP60, since it can be secreted from cells and bind Toll-like receptors; however, the effects of this stimulation have never been extensively studied. We investigated the effects (pro- or anti-inflammatory) of HSP60 in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) alone and in comparison with oxidative, inflammatory, or bacterial challenges. 16-HBE cells were cultured for 1–4 h in the absence or presence of HSP60, H2O2, lipopolysaccharide (…
Interleukin-9 and T helper type 9 cells in rheumatic diseases
2016
Summary Interleukin (IL)-9 is a 28-30 kDa monomeric glycosylated polypeptide belonging to the IL-7/IL-9 family of proteins that bind to a composite receptor consisting of the private receptor IL-9R and the IL-2 receptor, gamma (IL-2RG), a common gamma subunit shared by the receptors of many different cytokines. The IL-9R is expressed widely and IL-9 impacts a number of effector cells, such as effector T cells, B cells, innate lymphoid cells, mast cells, polymorphonuclear cells, epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells, playing an important role in regulating inflammatory immunity. The critical role of IL-9 in promoting cellular and humoral immune responses makes it an important focus of pot…
Mast cells as initiators of immunity and host defense
2001
Until recently, mast cells have been viewed primarily as harmful because of their key role as effector cells of allergic and potentially lethal anaphylactic reactions. Their contribution to human health appeared instead to be limited to the elimination of parasites. There is, however, growing evidence for additional beneficial functions of mast cells, particularly regarding the initiation of acquired immune reactions. Thus, mast cells can phagocytize diverse particles, take up antigens, and express a number of receptors, particularly MHC class I and II antigens, ICAM-1 and -3, CD43, CD80, CD86 and CD40L which allow them to interact with T and B lymphocytes. They can also secrete numerous cy…
2006
Prior studies demonstrate that adenosine, acting at one or more of its receptors, mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate in animal models of both acute and chronic inflammation. Both adenosine A2A and A3 receptors contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of methotrexate treatment in the air pouch model of inflammation, and the regulation of inflammation by these two receptors differs at the cellular level. Because different factors may regulate inflammation at different sites we examined the effect of low-dose weekly methotrexate treatment (0.75 mg/kg/week) in a model of acute peritoneal inflammation in adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice and A3 receptor knockout mice an…
Cellular mechanisms of IL-17-induced blood-brain barrier disruption.
2009
Recently T-helper 17 (Th17) cells were demonstrated to disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by the action of IL-17A. The aim of the present study was to examine the mechanisms that underlie IL-17A-induced BBB breakdown. Barrier integrity was analyzed in the murine brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3 by measuring the electrical resistance values using electrical call impedance sensing technology. Furthermore, in-cell Western blots, fluorescence imaging, and monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration assays were performed. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in C57BL/6 mice. IL-17A induced NADPH oxidase- or xanthine oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS)…
Disease control in cutaneous leishmaniasis is independent of IL-22.
2014
Does dietary salt induce autoimmunity?
2013
Two recent publications suggest that dietary salt may polarize TH17 cells and therefore increase the risk of developing autoimmune disease. Where low salt diets can readily be tested for their therapeutic effects in autoimmune disease, more work is needed to connect dietary salts with the development of immunopathology.