Search results for "interleukin"

Cooperation of Human Tumor-Reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells after Redirection of Their Specificity by a High-Affinity p53A2.1-Specific TCR

2004

Abstract Efficient immune attack of malignant disease requires the concerted action of both CD8 + CTL and CD4 + Th cells. We used human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 (A2.1) transgenic mice, in which the mouse CD8 molecule cannot efficiently interact with the α3 domain of A2.1, to generate a high-affinity, CD8-independent T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a commonly expressed, tumor-associated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope derived from the human p53 tumor suppressor protein. Retroviral expression of this CD8-independent, p53-specific TCR into human T cells imparted the CD8 + T lymphocytes with broad tumor-specific CTL activity and turned CD4 + T cells into potent tumor-reactive, p53…

Induction of Interleukin 10–Producing, Nonproliferating Cd4+ T Cells with Regulatory Properties by Repetitive Stimulation with Allogeneic Immature Hu…

2000

The functional properties of dendritic cells (DCs) are strictly dependent on their maturational state. To analyze the influence of the maturational state of DCs on priming and differentiation of T cells, immature CD83− and mature CD83+ human DCs were used for stimulation of naive, allogeneic CD4+ T cells. Repetitive stimulation with mature DCs resulted in a strong expansion of alloreactive T cells and the exclusive development of T helper type 1 (Th1) cells. In contrast, after repetitive stimulation with immature DCs the alloreactive T cells showed an irreversibly inhibited proliferation that could not be restored by restimulation with mature DCs or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, or by…

Tcgfiii/p40 is produced by naive murine cd4+ t cells but is not a general t cell growth factor*

1989

Several antigen-specific T cell lines were found to secrete a lymphokine upon activation by antigen or lectin that was provisionally termed T cell growth factor III (TCGF III) because it induced the proliferation of a CD4+ T cell clone independently from IL2 and IL4. Amino acid sequence analysis (and the functional properties of TCGF III) revealed that TCGF III was identical with a recently identified lymphokine termed P40. TCGF III/P40 was not only produced by long-term cultured T cell lines but also upon stimulation of freshly isolated Mlsa-reactive T cells. In addition, naive CD4+ T cells secreted TCGF III/P40 upon activation by lectin or allo-major histocompatibility complex structures.…

Autocrine transforming growth factor- from chronic lymphocytic leukemia-β cells interferes with proliferative T cell signals

1999

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of noncycling B cells in lymphatic and extralymphatic tissues. In the present study we investigated the possible contribution of TGF-beta, as secreted by CLL-B cells, on this low proliferative state. CLL-B cells were shown to express TGF-beta RNA and to release bioactive TGF-beta into culture supernatants. Antibody neutralization of endogenously secreted TGF-beta increased the proliferation of CLL-B cells as cultured in the presence of IL-2 or IL-4 or in direct contact with activated CD4+ T cells. In these culture systems, addition of exogenous TGF-beta downregulated basal and cytokineinduced proliferation of CLL-B cell…

Dendritic Cells Lose Ability to Present Protein Antigen after Stimulating Antigen-Specific T Cell Responses, despite Upregulation of MHC Class II Exp…

2000

Abstract Immature dendritic cells (DC) take up, process and present protein antigens; mature DC are specialized for stimulating primary T cell responses with increased expression of MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, but are incapable of processing and presenting soluble protein. The current study examined whether maturation of DC is triggered by T cell recognition of antigens presented by immature DC. Human DC derived from CD34+ progenitor cells by culture with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum-free medium could prime naive CD4+ T cells to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and ovalbumin (OVA). The cultured DC retained the abil…

Regulation of Protein-DNA Interactions at the Interferon-gamma Gene Promoter by Corticosteroids

1998

Human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and infectious tolerance.

2004

Control of autoaggressive T cells by regulatory T cells (Treg) is essential to ensuring peripheral tolerance. Several subsets of CD(4+) T cells with suppressive properties have been described, including induced T helper (Th) type 3 and T regulatory (Tr) type 1 cells and naturally occurring CD(4+)CD(25+) Treg. CD(4+)CD(25+) Treg suppress the response of conventional T cells in a cell contact-dependent manner, whereas Th3 and Tr1 cells produce immunosuppressive cytokines. Two subsets of human CD(4+)CD(25+) Treg, characterized by expression of the integrins alpha4beta7 or alpha4beta1, are able to convey suppressive capacity to conventional CD(4+) T cells, thereby generating Th suppressor cells…

Change of Th0 to Th1 cell-cytokine profile following tuberculosis chemotherapy.

2000

T cells mediate protection against tuberculosis, but little is known about their role during chemotherapy of patients with active disease. Here we examined the cytokine profile of CD4 T cells before and after four months of chemotherapy in six initial skin test anergic cases. Purified protein derivative (PPD) and 16-kDa antigen-reactive CD4 T-cell clones prior to therapy resided mostly in disease-associated body fluids and were of the Th0 (interferon (IFN)-gamma + interleukin (IL)-4) secreting profile. In contrast, the majority of postchemotherapy CD4 T-cell clones originated from blood and were of the IFN-gamma secreting Th1 type. However, the recognition of several peptides derived from t…

Translating Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research into Clinical Medicine

2009

Recent studies have provided important insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The development of new therapeutic agents has been triggered by basic research and studies in mouse models of IBD. It is expected that improved translational research will lead to optimized therapy and new individualized treatment options.

Gene therapy using IL 12 family members in infection, auto immunity, and cancer.

2009

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is known for several years to have an essential role in inflammatory responses and innate resistance to infection and cancer. This has been largely attributed to its ability to initiate the differentiation of T-helper-1 (Th1) cells producing interferon-gamma. Recently, two new cytokines, IL-23 and IL-27, with homology to IL-12 were discovered and assigned to the IL-12 family of cytokines. Growing evidence supports a role for IL-23 as key mediator of autoimmune disease regulating the new Th17 subset of CD4+ T cells. IL-27 can have pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, which increase Th1 differentiation, suppress Th2 proliferation, or stimulate cytotoxic T cell activity. …