Search results for "interpretation"

showing 10 items of 1061 documents

Quantum Field Theory

2018

Quantum field theory (QFT) shares many of its philosophical problems with quantum mechanics. This applies in particular to the quantum measurement process and the connected interpretive problems, to which QFT contributes hardly any new aspects, let alone solutions. The question as to how the objects described by the theory are spatially embedded was already also discussed for quantum mechanics. However, the new mathematical structure of QFT promises new answers, which renders the spatiotemporal interpretation of QFT the pivotal question. In this chapter, we sketch the mathematical characteristics of QFT and show that a particle as well as a field interpretation breaks down.

Theoretical physicsField (physics)Computer scienceQuantum measurementQuantum field theoryMathematical structurePhysics::History of PhysicsSketchInterpretation (model theory)
researchProduct

1H and 13C shielding measurements in comparison with DFT calculations performed for two 2-(acetyloamino)-N,N-dimethyl-3-phenylacrylamide isomers

2015

Abstract We present measurements of 1H and 13C shielding for (2E)- and (2Z)-2-(acetyloamino)-N,N-dimethyl-3-phenylacrylamide isomers in solutions. Practically the same values of the shielding were obtained using internal and external referencing. For the interpretation, we explore DFT calculations of shieldings performed at the rovibrationally averaged geometries. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical results is verified both for the shielding and chemical shift. It appears that some inaccuracies in the calculations of the chemical shift can be reduced due to the error compensation while subtracting the reference shielding. As shown the measurement of magnetic shielding can be …

Theoretical physicsMaterials scienceElectromagnetic shieldingGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComputational physicsInterpretation (model theory)Compensation (engineering)Chemical Physics Letters
researchProduct

The Mathematicians’ Happy Hunting Ground: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity

2004

There is hardly any doubt that for physics special relativity theory is of much greater consequence than the general theory. The reverse situation prevails with respect to mathematics: there special relativity theory had comparatively little, general relativity theory very considerable, influence, above all upon the development of a general scheme for differential geometry. —Hermann Weyl, “Relativity as a Stimulus to Mathematical Research,” pp. 536–537.

Theoretical physicsTheory of relativityHistory and Philosophy of ScienceStatic interpretation of timeDoubly special relativityGeneral MathematicsQuantum mechanicsAbsolute time and spaceFour-forceTest theories of special relativityEmission theorySpecial relativity (alternative formulations)MathematicsThe Mathematical Intelligencer
researchProduct

Thermodynamic class II Szekeres-Szafron solutions. Singular models

2019

A family of parabolic Szekeres-Szafron class II solutions in local thermal equilibrium is studied and their associated thermodynamics are obtained. The subfamily with the hydrodynamic behavior of a generic ideal gas (defined by the equation of state $p = k n \Theta$) results to be an inhomogeneous generalization of flat FLRW $\gamma$-law models. Three significative interpretations that follow on from the choice of three specific thermodynamic schemes are analyzed in depth. First, the generic ideal gas in local thermal equilibrium; this interpretation leads to an inhomogeneous temperature $\Theta$. Second, the thermodynamics with homogeneous temperature considered by Lima and Tiomno (CQG 6 1…

Thermal equilibriumPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Spacetime010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesIdeal gasGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyInterpretation (model theory)symbols.namesakeFriedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric0103 physical sciencesCompressibilitysymbolsLimit (mathematics)010306 general physicsMathematical physics
researchProduct

Il lavoro etero-organizzato prima e dopo il caso Foodora Italia.

2019

l contributo ripropone la discussione sull’esegesi della fattispecie disciplinata dall’art. 1 comma 2 del d. lgs. n. 81 del 2015 (nel testo anteriore alla riforma del 2019) trattata dall’autore nei Colloqui Giuridici sul Lavoro del 2015 (a cura) di Antonio Vallebona per il Massimario di Giurisprudenza del Lavoro. Lo studio rigettava la tesi che il lavoro organizzato dal committente fosse la terza fattispecie e anzi con riferimento delle condizioni di applicazio­ne dimostrava la necessità di una lettura includente. La conclusione era che la nuova disciplina aveva natura antifraudolenta e determinava un allargamento (relativo) dell’area della subordi­nazione conseguente alla riduzione del cam…

This article republishes (after the Italian Supreme Court judgement n.166/2020 on the Foodora Italia case) the contribution to the exegesis of the case brought by art. 1 para­graph 2 of the d. lgs. n. 81 of 2015 (in the text before the 2019 reform) delivered by the author in the 2015's "Colloqui Giuridici sul Lavoro" (edited) by Antonio Vallebona for the "Massimario di Giurisprudenza del Lavoro". The study rejected the thesis that the job organ­ised by the client was an intermediate regulation between the employee and the self-employed ones. Indeed regarding the conditions for its application it showed the need for extensive reading. The conclusion was that the new discipline was (and is) an anti-fraudulent one. It led to a (relative) expansion of the area ofsubordination as a consequence of a reduction in the scope of coordinated self-employed work. A little more than four years after that article the Italian Supreme Court (with the judgement n.166/2020) on the Foodora Italia case addresses for the first time the issue of the hetero-organised work (by art. 1 paragraph 2 of the d. lgs. n. 81 of 2015). The Supreme Court fully adheres to the paper's thesis. So in terms of the "re­medial" function of the standardthe nature of the organisation's specific conditionand eventually reducing the legal frame for coordinated work. The fact that the procedural matter dealt with the riders was (then and now is) utterly irrelevant for the correct interpretation of such a new provision. Giving to riders of the employee status is not an effect of the peculiarit­ies of the work through digital platforms. It is a consequence of the remedial nature of such a case-law.
researchProduct

Therapy response evaluation of malignant lymphoma in a multicenter study: comparison of manual and semiautomatic measurements in CT.

2014

Purpose: Comparison of manual one-/bi-dimensional measurements versus semi-automatically derived one-/bi-dimensional and volumetric measurements for therapy response evaluation of malignant lymphoma during CT follow-up examinations in a multicenter setting. Materials and Methods: MSCT data sets of patients with malignant lymphoma were evaluated before (baseline) and after two cycles of chemotherapy (follow-up) at radiological centers of five university hospitals. The long axis diameter (LAD), the short axis diameter (SAD) and the bi-dimensional WHO of 307 target lymph nodes were measured manually and semi-automatically using dedicated software. Lymph node volumetry was performed semi-automa…

ThoraxAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRadiation DosageMalignant lymphomaYoung AdultAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedMultidetector Computed TomographyMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLymph nodeAgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overbusiness.industryLymphoma Non-HodgkinMediastinumRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHodgkin DiseaseLymphomamedicine.anatomical_structureTherapy responseTreatment OutcomeMulticenter studyFemaleRadiologybusinessRoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
researchProduct

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of solitary thyroid nodules with contrast-enhanced ultrasound: initial results

2005

To assess the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of the thyroid gland and to evaluate the potential of this method for characterising solitary thyroid nodules.18 patients affected by solitary thyroid nodules (size range: 0.6 to 3.6 cm; mean: 1.8 cm) confirmed by surgery (nine papillary carcinomas, four follicular carcinomas, three hyperplasias, one follicular adenoma and one Plummer’s adenoma) underwent pulse inversion US at low M.I. (0.06 to 0.08) after i.v. injection of a 2.4-mL bolus of SonoVue. Baseline echogenicity and the dynamic enhancement pattern of each nodule, in comparison with adjacent thyroid parenchyma, were assessed. Signal intensity values on grey-scale imag…

Thyroid nodulesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdenomamedicine.medical_treatmentSulfur HexafluorideContrast MediaDiagnosis DifferentialPrecontrastImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingThyroid NoduleUltrasonography Doppler ColorPhospholipidsAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryThyroidUltrasoundThyroidectomyEchogenicityGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseContrast agent Thyroid Ultrasoundmedicine.anatomical_structureThyroidectomyFeasibility StudiesFemaleRadiologybusinessContrast-enhanced ultrasound
researchProduct

A method for the time-varying nonlinear prediction of complex nonstationary biomedical signals

2009

A method to perform time-varying (TV) nonlinear prediction of biomedical signals in the presence of nonstationarity is presented in this paper. The method is based on identification of TV autoregressive models through expansion of the TV coefficients onto a set of basis functions and on k -nearest neighbor local linear approximation to perform nonlinear prediction. The approach provides reasonable nonlinear prediction even for TV deterministic chaotic signals, which has been a daunting task to date. Moreover, the method is used in conjunction with a TV surrogate method to provide statistical validation that the presence of nonlinearity is not due to nonstationarity itself. The approach is t…

Time FactorsComputer scienceSpeech recognitionChaoticBiomedical EngineeringBasis functionModels BiologicalSurrogate dataYoung AdultHeart RatePredictive Value of TestsNonstationary signalHumansComputer SimulationEEGPredictabilitySignal processingNonlinear dynamicElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedComplexityLocal nonlinear predictionNonlinear systemNonlinear DynamicsAutoregressive modelData Interpretation StatisticalSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaLinear approximationSurrogate dataAlgorithmHeart rate variability (HRV)Algorithms
researchProduct

The meaning of slow nursing in dementia care.

2015

Research literature in the dementia field lacks examples of ‘best-practices’ demonstrating concretely how it is possible to support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the nurses’ views concerning a caring approach that may support the sense of coherence in people with dementia. The data were collected through participant observation and focus group interviews during a four-month period in 2011. Sixteen registered nurses recruited from two Norwegian nursing homes participated in this study. The data were interpreted using a phenomenological-hermeneutical method. Three themes were identified: ‘being in the moment’, ‘doing one thing at a…

Time FactorsSociology and Political ScienceMetaphormedia_common.quotation_subjectNorwegianParticipant observation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNursingMedicineDementiaHumans030212 general & internal medicineMeaning (existential)Qualitative Researchmedia_common030504 nursingbusiness.industryNorwayInterpretation (philosophy)ContentmentGeneral Social SciencesGeneral MedicineFocus GroupsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFocus grouplanguage.human_languageNursing HomeslanguageDementiaNursing StaffEmpathy0305 other medical sciencebusinessNurse-Patient RelationsDementia (London, England)
researchProduct

[The effect of instrumentation on original apical foramen shape using steel vs niti rotatory: computerized analysis]

2002

BACKGROUND. A fundamental requirement to obtain a correct endodontic preparation depends on the respect, during cleaning and shaping, of the original morphology of the apical foramen, (AF), so that the filling material will form a complete seal. METHODS. In our previous studies, in order to verify if this presumption was respected using rotary NiTi instruments with cutting tip, we instrumented extracted teeth characterised by a different degree of root curvatures. Using a standardized system to replace the sample, the original shape of the apical foramen of each tooth was recorded using a computerised technique and then compared to the shape after instrumentation. The data showed difference…

TitaniumTooth ApexSettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheNickelImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedHumansStainless Steelrotary NiTi instruments stainless steel instruments apical foramen shapeRoot Canal PreparationDental Alloys
researchProduct