Search results for "intubation"

Hyperoxic Intubation Apnoea: An In Vivo Model for the Proof of the Christiansen-Douglas-Haldane Effect

1989

The Christiansen-Douglas-Haldane effect (HALDANE effect) describes the different CO2 binding capacity of haemoglobin on its degree of oxygenation and was first demonstrated in vitro in 1914 (Christiansen, Douglas and Haldane, 1914).

Respiratory support techniques to avoid desaturation in critically ill patients requiring endotracheal intubation: A systematic review and meta-analy…

2017

Abstract Purpose To evaluate which respiratory support method for critically ill patients undergoing endotracheal intubation (ETI) is associated with less desaturation. Methods We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and CINAHL databases. We included randomized (RCT) and non-randomized (non-RCT) studies investigating any method of respiratory support before/during ETI compared to a reference control. Results Apneic oxygenation (ApOx) was the most commonly investigated respiratory support technique for critically ill patients undergoing intubation (4 RCTs, 358 patients). Three of these studies investigated high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) for ApOx while standard nasal cannula was used in …

Carbon dioxide levels during pre-hospital active compression–decompression versus standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation

1998

Abstract In a prospective randomised study we investigated end-tidal carbon dioxide levels during standard versus active compression–decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) assuming that the end-tital carbon dioxide reflects cardiac output during resuscitation. In each group 60 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were treated either with the standard or the ACD method. End-tidal CO 2 ( p et CO 2 , mmHg) was assessed with a side-stream capnometer following intubation and then every 2 min up to 10 min or restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). There was no difference in p et CO 2 between both patient groups. However, CO 2 was significantly higher in patients wh…

Setting standards and implementing quality improvement in trauma care

1996

Setting standards and implementing quality improvement in trauma care needs consideration of the definitions of standards, guidelines, recommendations and the present quality of trauma care. Essential factors for consideration are the chain of survival and different intervals which may decide on patient outcome: (a) the trauma (occurrence) to trauma recognition interval which has, until now, not been taken into consideration with regard to morbidity and mortality; (b) the scene time is part of the total prehospital time which comprises rescuing the entrapped patient, preparation of the patient for treatment, and transfer to a rescue vehicle. The medical part of the scene time, however, repr…

Advanced prehospital airway management techniques

2002

Bewegungen der Kiefergelenke w�hrend der endotrachealen Intubation

1996

Zwischen der Funktion der Kiefergelenke und der Intubation besteht eine wechselseitige Beziehung: Dysfunktionen konnen ein Intubationshindernis darstellen. Die Intubation kann umgekehrt auch zu Funktionsstorungen im orofazialen System fuhren oder Ausloser akuter Kiefergelenkbeschwerden sein. Eine Aussage zu der nach Aufhebung der physiologischen Schutzmechanismen moglicherweise veranderten Motilitat war bislang nicht moglich. Die Arbeit beschreibt die Anwendung einer Methode zur Erfassung der Kiefergelenkbewegungen sowie typische Befunde wahrend der Intubation. Das Prinzip der elektronischen Achsiographie wurde dahingehend modifiziert, das der Vergleich einer aktiven Mundoffnungsbewegung mi…

Endotracheale Intubation des Traumapatienten

2003

Die schnellstmogliche Wiederherstellung einer suffizienten Oxygenierung ist auch bei Traumapatienten von primarer Bedeutung. Oft erschwert die Situation am Unfallort die Versorgung, doch sollte die Indikation zur endotrachealen Intubation bei Hypoxie, eingeschranktem Bewusstsein und schwerem Thorax- oder Schadel-Hirn-Trauma rasch gestellt werden.Da die Patienten in der praklinischen Situation stets als nicht nuchtern anzusehen sind, erfolgt die Intubation mittels Rapid-Sequenz-Einleitung mit Krikoiddruck. Dabei ist auf den Schutz der Halswirbelsaule zu achten.Defizite der Notarzte in Kenntnissen zu Alternativen des Airwaymanagements sollten moglichst rasch abgebaut werden.

Clinical strategies for the management of intestinal obstruction and pseudo-obstruction. A Delphi Consensus study of SICUT (Società Italiana di Chiru…

2016

Intestinal obstructions/pseudo-obstruction of the small/large bowel are frequent conditions but their management could be challenging. Moreover, a general agreement in this field is currently lacking, thus SICUT Society designed a consensus study aimed to define their optimal workout.The Delphi methodology was used to reach consensus among 47 Italian surgical experts in two study rounds. Consensus was defined as an agreement of 75.0% or greater. Four main topic areas included nosology, diagnosis, management and treatment.A bowel obstruction was defined as an obstacle to the progression of intestinal contents and fluids generally beginning with a sudden onset. The panel identified four major…

Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation vs. tracheal suctioning via tracheostomy tubes for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study.

2003

To compare the effects of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation vs. suctioning via tracheostomy tubes on respiratory variables for six amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.In this prospective crossover study, six consecutive patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who required continuous mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy tubes and developed chest infections underwent measurement of pulse oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), mean airway pressure (Pawm), and work of breathing performed by the ventilator (WOBv) at baseline and 5 and 30 min after tracheal suctioning and 5 min after mechanical insufflation-exsufflation.The baseline values were 93.50 +/- 2.…

Airway management techniques in a restricted-access situation: a manikin study

2016

Background Access to patients can be restricted in emergency situations. A variety of techniques and devices are available for use in patients who require oxygenation in a restricted-access situation. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is one ventilation technique that is superior to others. Materials and methods Fifty-four emergency medical services providers including emergency medical technicians, paramedics and physicians were asked to use a bag-valve mask (BVM), a laryngeal mask airway (LMA), and a laryngeal tube (LT) to ventilate a full-scale manikin sitting upright in the driver's seat of a motor vehicle. Access to the manikin was gained through the sid…