Search results for "ionic"

showing 10 items of 2016 documents

QRAR models for central nervous system drugs using biopartitioning micellar chromatography.

2002

The capability of biopartitioning Micellar Chromatography, BMC, to describe and estimate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of central nervous system drugs is reviewed in this article. BMC is a mode of micellar liquid chromatography, MLC, that uses micellar mobile phases of Brij35 (polyoxyethilene(23) lauryl ether) prepared in physiological conditions (pH, ionic strength). The retention of a drug in this system depends on its hydrophobic, electronic and steric properties, which also determine its biological activity. The results of BMC studies suggest that this in vitro approach is an attractive useful tool to be implemented into the lead optimization step of drug development sc…

PharmacologyDrugChromatographyChemistrymedia_common.quotation_subjecttechnology industry and agricultureQuantitative Structure-Activity Relationshipmacromolecular substancesGeneral Medicinemusculoskeletal systemModels BiologicalPharmacokineticsDrug developmentIonic strengthMicellar liquid chromatographyDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansmedia_commonCentral Nervous System AgentsChromatography Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryMini reviews in medicinal chemistry
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Synthesis and characterization of a series of alkyl-oxadiazolylpyridinium salts as perspective ionic liquids

2007

The synthesis of a series of 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl-N-methylpyridinium salts differing in the length and the position of the alkyl chain in the heterocyclic ring and the counter ions is reported. Some features of this new family of salts as perspective ionic liquids are described and the influence of the varying moieties in the modulation of the properties is discussed.

Pharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationBEARINGSeries (mathematics)Organic Chemistry124-OXADIAZOLESGeneral MedicineRing (chemistry)Analytical ChemistryCharacterization (materials science)Ionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryIonic liquidOrganic chemistryAlkyl
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Die Wirkung von Reserpin auf die Konzentration von Adrenalin und Noradrenalin im Katzenherz

1959

1. Cats were given single injections of 1.8 mg/kg reserpine intraperitoneally. After a time interval of 18 hours the animals were killed. The concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the right and left atria and ventricles was estimated by a method reported previously. 2. Reserpine caused a similar loss of catechol amines from all parts of the heart. The concentration of noradrenaline was reduced by 93–97%, the concentration of adrenaline by 59–79%. 3. These observations suggest that the adrenaline of the heart behaves differently from that of sympathetic ganglia or postganglionic nerve fibres after an injection of reserpine. In ganglia and nerve fibres the adrenaline concentration …

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyHeart pharmacologyEndocrinologyCATSChemistryInternal medicinePharmacology toxicologymedicineGeneral MedicinePostganglionic nerve fibresReserpinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
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Stimulated 7^Li echo NMR spectroscopy of slow ionic motions in a solid electrolyte

2000

Abstract Lithium spin-alignment spectroscopy is presented as an NMR technique for studying slow translational motions in solid and solid-like ionic conductors. We employ phase cycling that allows to measure two-time translational correlation functions via the generation of a pure quadrupolar ordered state. Correlation functions of the crystalline electrolyte Li 3 Sc 2 (PO 4 ) 3 were recorded for times ranging from about 0.1 ms to more than 10 s, implying that translational diffusion coefficients smaller than 10 −20 m 2 /s become accessible.

Phase cyclingChemistryDiffusionAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bondingchemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy530LithiumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyElectrical conductor
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Electrical conductivity and micro-Raman scattering studies of ionic conduction in Li1−xHxIO3 solid solutions

2002

Abstract Li 1− x H x IO 3 solid solutions have been investigated by ac electrical conductivity and micro-Raman techniques, for x ≤0.32. The presence of protons leads to a continuous reduction of the anisotropic intrinsic conduction of the system. The in-plane conduction mechanism would be by Li + vacancy hopping, while a mixed process by interstitial Li + and H + would account for the conduction along the c -axis. The solid solutions undergo the same phase transition sequence as the pure crystal, but the presence of the protons shifts the transition temperatures to lower values. Micro-Raman spectroscopy has been successfully introduced to demonstrate that proton mobility occurs preferential…

Phase transitionChemistryInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionsymbols.namesakeElectrical resistivity and conductivityVacancy defectsymbolsIonic conductivityGeneral Materials ScienceRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringSolid solutionSolid State Ionics
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ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Properties of Solids with the (NZP) Skeleton

2010

Abstract Solids with an [NZP] skeleton in their structure from a very broad family presenting very different properties with varying chemical composition. These properties range from radioactive nuclide immobilization and insulation to ionic and/or electronic conduction, extending to the field of very low thermal expansion among others. The open [NZP] skeleton provides the stability and flexibility necessary to form continuous ranges of solid solution, allowing the tailoring of the best composition-property-structure material. Chemical activity may become particularly high at the surface and absorption reactions and catalytic properties have the highest interest at present. In this paper, c…

Phase transitionIon exchangeChemistryChemical physicsIonic bondingReactivity (chemistry)General MedicineAbsorption (chemistry)Thermal conductionThermal expansionSolid solutionChemInform
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Chemistry and properties of solids with the [NZP] skeleton

1993

Abstract Solids with an [NZP] skeleton in their structure from a very broad family presenting very different properties with varying chemical composition. These properties range from radioactive nuclide immobilization and insulation to ionic and/or electronic conduction, extending to the field of very low thermal expansion among others. The open [NZP] skeleton provides the stability and flexibility necessary to form continuous ranges of solid solution, allowing the tailoring of the best composition-property-structure material. Chemical activity may become particularly high at the surface and absorption reactions and catalytic properties have the highest interest at present. In this paper, c…

Phase transitionIon exchangeChemistryIonic bondingGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionThermal expansionPolymorphism (materials science)Chemical physicsPhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceAnisotropySolid solutionSolid State Ionics
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LEAD-FREE (Na0.5Bi0.5)1-xBaxTiO3 SINGLE CRYSTALS (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) AND THEIR DIELECTRIC AND PYROELECTRIC PROPERTIES

2009

ABSTRACT Lead-free single crystals of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 (NBT-BT) system were prepared by Czochralski method and their dielectric and pyroelectric properties have been studied. The results were compared with these for pure NBT. The obtained samples show pure perovskite structure with rhombohedral symmetry at room temperature. Low frequency (100 Hz–100 kHz) investigations reveal the diffuse phase transitions. The obtained results are discussed in terms of local electric and strain fields caused by different ionic radius of (Na, Bi) and Ba ions. The NBT-BT system is expected to be a new promising candidate for lead-free electronic crystals.

Phase transitionMaterials scienceIonic radiusAnalytical chemistryDielectricLow frequencyCondensed Matter PhysicsFerroelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonPyroelectricityCrystallographyControl and Systems EngineeringMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPyroelectric crystalIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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Role of image charges in ionic liquid confined between metallic interfaces.

2020

The peculiar properties of ionic liquids in confinement have not only become essential for energy storage, catalysis and tribology, but still pose fundamental questions. Recently, an anomalous liquid-solid phase transition has been observed in atomic force microscopy experiments for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]), the transition being more pronounced for metallic surfaces. Image charges have been suggested as the key element driving the anomalous freezing. Using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the impact of image charges on structure, dynamics and thermodynamics of [BMIM][BF4] confined between gold electrodes. Our results not only unveil…

Phase transitionRange (particle radiation)TetrafluoroborateMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyTribology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMetalMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical physicsvisual_artIonic liquidElectrodevisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Experimental and Theoretical Study of SbPO 4 under Compression

2019

SbPO4 is a complex monoclinic layered material characterized by a strong activity of the non-bonding lone electron pair (LEP) of Sb. The strong cation LEP leads to the formation of layers piled up along the a-axis and linked by weak Sb-O electrostatic interactions. In fact, Sb is 4-fold coordination with O similar to what occurs with the P-O coordination, despite the large difference of ionic radii and electronegativity between both elements. Here we report a joint experimental and theoretical study of the structural and vibrational properties of SbPO4 at high pressure. We show that SbPO4 is not only one of the most compressible phosphates but also one of the most compressible compounds of …

Phase transitionphosphatesFOS: Physical sciencesTriclinic crystal system010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesphysical and chemical processesInorganic ChemistryElectronegativityPhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAnisotropyCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceIonic radius010405 organic chemistryChemistryMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Compression (physics)compression3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesChemical physicsFISICA APLICADAchemical structurecompressibilityMonoclinic crystal systemInorganic Chemistry
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