Search results for "judge"

Decision making in energy planning: The electre multicriteria analysis approach compared to a fuzzy-sets methodology

1998

Every planning activity generally requires to make some choices. After a preliminary analysis of the sector under examination, a forecast of trends of input-output items, the planner must define an action plan voted to arrange all the strategies and specific interventions able to fit demand and supply during the planned time. The redaction of an action plan implies a strong effort in order to synthesize either suggestions coming from the analysis phases either all the constraints linked to technical choices. In the same time, a large number of "external" variables plays a role in orienting decision making. Some of these can be handled by numerical models (economic cost-benefit analyses, mar…

The development of aesthetic responses to music and their underlying neural and psychological mechanisms.

2011

In the field of psychology, the first studies in experimental aesthetics were conducted approximately 140 years ago. Since then, research has mainly concentrated on aesthetic responses to visual art. Both the aesthetic experience of music and, especially, its development have received rather limited attention. Moreover, until now, very little attention has been paid to the investigation of the aesthetic experience of music using neuroscientific methods. Aesthetic experiences are multidimensional and include inter alia sensory, perceptual, affective, and cognitive components. Aesthetic processes are usually experienced as pleasing and rewarding and are, thus, important and valuable experienc…

“Houses for One Euro” and the Territory. Some Estimation Issues for the “Geographic Debt” Reduction

2020

The phenomenon of the “houses for one Euro” is the epitome of the progressive and increasing abandonment of the inland territories in which many small towns are affected by continuous and unstoppable depopulation. This process, mostly affecting the southern and insular Italian regions, have been triggered by the quick industrial development started after the second post-war, led by the northern regions, that deeply and irreversibly modified the anthropography of the whole country until now. The impoverishment of a wide part of the Italian territory, is one of the many issues connected to the social-territorial justice that is the original topic by which appraisal and valuation, that is scie…

Case Comment: C-82/10 European Commission v Ireland - Judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union, September 29, 2011 (VHI Case)

2011

This article (published online for the EJLE, see below) is the case comment on the recent judgement (September 29, 2011) of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the case No C-82/10 concerning non-life insurance. This case was initiated by the European Commission against Ireland for failure to fulfil its obligations by not covering the Voluntary Health Insurance Board by insurance supervisory scheme as provided for by relevant Directives. The above insurance institution which is the main health insurer in Ireland enjoys exemption from the supervisory scheme envisaged by relevant Directives. Ireland may maintain this exemption if its capacity is not amended; otherwise the above insti…

How accurate are teachers and support specialists when judging students' literacy skills? Special educational service as an external factor influenci…

2022

The aim of the study was to examine the accuracy of Estonian teachers' and support specialists' judgements of students' spelling skills and reading fluency and to investigate the provision of special education services to students as a factor influencing teachers' judgements. The sample included 11 classroom teachers, 8 support specialists, and 187 third-grade students. The judgements were collected using scales, and students' literacy skills were assessed using group and individual tests. The results indicated that judgements of reading fluency were less accurate than those of spelling skills. In addition, the provision of special education services influenced teachers' judgements, directi…

La noción de prejuicio en la obra de Immanuel Kan

2014

The notion of prejudice occupies a not very visible place in the Kantian works. In fact it has been seldom treated in Kantian studies in German, English, French, Italian or Spanish. But it connects with relevant key notes of the Critique of Pure Reason (1781, 1787) as well as from the Critique of Practical Reason (1788) and the Critique of Judgement (1790). The aim of this paper consists in the analysis of the Kantian notion of prejudice, its systematic place and its sources (among these particularly the works of Georg Friedrich Meier and the thought of Christian Thomasius).

Observations on Arendt, Kant and the Autonomy of Political Judgement

1998

Quello che la legge non dice. L’interruzione delle terapie di sostegno vitale in assenza di una volontà espressa dall’infermo

2020

The essay deals with the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment from an adult in permanent vegetative state or in a minimally conscious state, in the absence of a will expressed by the patient. The Italian l. n. 219/2017 has not changed matters, because it does not explain how, in this case, autonomy and human dignity can be properly safeguarded. Under a comparative point of view, the essay deals with the French and the English statutory framework governing the scrutiny of any decision to withdraw clinically assisted nutrition and hydration.

Ethical Issues Invoked by Industry 4.0

2021

Industry 4.0 is universally referred to as the fourth industrial revolution. It is a current trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies. The computerisation of manufacturing includes, amongst other, cyber-physical systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and cognitive computing. There are many challenges in the realisation of Industry 4.0. In order to adopt a “smart factory” and improved (software) processes many ethical considerations need to be identified and considered if a company is to obtain an ethical development and deployment of Industry 4.0. The purpose of normative ethics is to scrutinise standards about the rightness and wrongness of action…

DELL’UTRI E CONTRADA “GEMELLI DIVERSI”: È LA REVISIONE EUROPEA LO STRUMENTO DI OTTEMPERANZA ALLE SENTENZE CEDU

2017

La Cassazione nega l’origine giurisprudenziale del concorso esterno in associazione mafiosa e individua il rimedio della revisione europea per l’attuazione della decisione CEDU nei confronti di soggetti in posizioni simili a quella di Contrada. Il percorso offre l’occasione per riflettere sulla connotazione “oggettiva” della prevedibilità e sull’uguaglianza di trattamento dei condannati. Italian supreme Court denies that the origin of external participation in mafia-type criminal association lies in case law and envisages the European review as the tool to comply with ECtHR judgements in similar cases to that of Contrada. This jurisprudence provides a proper opportunity for an in-depth exam…