Search results for "lamivudine"

showing 9 items of 39 documents

Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe

2016

Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

MaleHuman immunodeficiency virus 1EtravirineRNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitordarunavirHIV InfectionsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata:Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Salud públicageneticsInhibidores de proteasas:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]atazanavirmedia_commontransmission:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings]3. Good healthmicrobial sensitivity testpriority journalEurope ; HIV-1 ; antiretroviral therapy ; drug resistance ; transmissionHIV/AIDSlamivudineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/pharmacologyanti human immunodeficiency virus agentDrugMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyantiviral susceptibility:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [Medical Subject Headings]media_common.quotation_subjectantiretroviral therapy030106 microbiologyHIV Infections/drug therapy:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents::Anti-Retroviral Agents::Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]Microbial Sensitivity TestsRILPIVIRINEArticleEFAVIRENZ03 medical and health sciencestransmitted drug resistanceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingHumansTransmissionhuman:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Drug Resistance [Medical Subject Headings]REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORSRilpivirinaINTEGRASEMUTATIONSabacavirmajor clinical studyVirologyInfecciones por VIHRegimenAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Medicine (all); Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseaseschemistryDrug resistance:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring::Oxazines::Benzoxazines [Medical Subject Headings]MutationHIV-10301 basic medicinenevirapineDrug resistanceCommunicable diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Confidence Intervals [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compoundantiviral therapyINFECTIONMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalence:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]ViralNon-U.S. Gov'tReverse-transcriptase inhibitorantiretrovirus agentResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMedicine (all)Human immunodeficiency virus infected patientMiddle AgedvirologyPREVALENCEAntiretroviral therapyEncuestas y CuestionariosANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENTEuropeInfectious DiseasesHIV-1/drug effectsHIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacologyRilpivirineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors:Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV Infections [Medical Subject Headings]FemaleHIV drug resistancemedicine.drugAdultHuman immunodeficiency virus proteinase inhibitor:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Nitriles::Rilpivirine [Medical Subject Headings]EfavirenzAnti-HIV AgentsResearch SupportResistencia a medicamentosSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEantiviral resistanceInternal medicineAnti-HIV Agents/pharmacologyDrug Resistance ViralJournal Articlemedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Enzyme Inhibitors::Protease Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]abacavir plus lamivudineEuropa (Continente)Antiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Europe; Female; HIV Infections; HIV Protease Inhibitors; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Prevalence; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesemtricitabinenonhumanIntervalos de confianzadrug resistanceMutaciónAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmissionbusiness.industryHIVpredictionInhibidores de la transcriptasa inversaHIV Protease InhibitorsHuman immunodeficiency virus 1 infectiontenofovirINDIVIDUALSDrug Resistance Viral/geneticsBenzoxazinasETRAVIRINEdrug effects3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicinePrevalenciabusiness
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Drug resistance is widespread among children who receive long-term antiretroviral treatment at a rural Tanzanian hospital

2010

Published version of an article from the journal: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. Also available from the publisher: htttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkq234 Objectives: To assess long-term virological efficacy and the emergence of drug resistance in children who receive antiretroviral treatment (ART) in rural Tanzania. Patients and methods: Haydom Lutheran Hospital has provided ART to HIV-infected individuals since 2003. From February through May 2009, a cross-sectional virological efficacy survey was conducted among children (, 15 years) who had completed >= 6 months of first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based ART. Genotypic resistance was determined in …

MaleRural Populationsub-Saharan AfricaMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentGenotypeantiretroviral therapyPopulationVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Communicable diseases: 776Drug resistanceTanzaniaPharmacotherapyAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Drug Resistance ViralAntimicrobial chemotherapyPrevalencemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)educationOriginal ResearchPharmacologychildeducation.field_of_studyVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin sosialmedisin: 801biologybusiness.industryHIVLamivudineViral Loadbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseHospitalsCross-Sectional StudiesInfectious DiseasesTanzaniaAnti-Retroviral AgentsChild PreschoolFamily medicineImmunologyFemaleVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine Social medicine: 801Rural areabusinessHIV infectionsmedicine.drugJournal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
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Hepatitis B virus reactivation and alemtuzumab therapy

2005

Reactivation of hepatitis B virus infection in subjects receiving cytotoxic treatment for heamatological malignancies occurs in 21–53% of chronic HBsAg carriers and in an unknown number of HBsAg negative subjects harbouring occult HBV infection. Immmunotherapy with alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD52 epitopes on lymphocytes cells produces deep immunosuppression. We describe two subjects with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and occult HBV infection who developed a virological and biochemical flare of hepatitis B following immunotherapy with alemtuzumab. One of them developed full blown hepatitis with seroreversion from anti-HBs to HBsAg after four weeks of alemtuzumab the…

MaleSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis B virusHBsAgCD52Antibodies Neoplasmmedicine.medical_treatmenthepatitis B viruAntibodies Monoclonal Humanizedmedicine.disease_causeCampath-1HSettore MED/15 - Malattie Del SanguemedicineHumansAlemtuzumabImmunosuppression TherapyHepatitisHepatitis B virusSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryacute hepatitiAntibodies Monoclonalvirus diseasesLamivudineImmunosuppressionHematologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseLeukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-Celldigestive system diseasesLamivudineDNA ViralImmunologyReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsAlemtuzumabFemaleVirus Activationbusinesschronic lymphocytic leukaemiamedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Haematology
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Oral leishmaniasis in an HIV-infected patient.

2000

As in most countries in the Mediterranean basin, leishmaniasis is endemic in Italy, where it has visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) forms caused by viscerotropic and dermotropic strains of Leishmania infantum, respectively. With the spread of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, the number of coinfections with Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing. Between 35% and 50% of the adult VL cases diagnosed annually in Sicily from 1991 to 1995 were related to HIV [1]; although cases of coinfection have been reported in 28 countries worldwide, the majority of these cases (1440 from 1990 to 1998) have been notified in four countries (Spain, Italy, France, Po…

Microbiology (medical)AdultLeishmaniasis MucocutaneousMaleHIV InfectionsAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)medicineHumansSidaLeishmaniasisbiologyLamivudineLeishmaniasisGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationLeishmaniaVirologyInfectious DiseasesImmunologyCoinfectionFemaleViral diseaseLeishmania infantumMouth Diseasesmedicine.drugEuropean journal of clinical microbiologyinfectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology
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Chronic hepatitis B: who to treat and which choice of treatment?

2009

The goal of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B is to prevent, through persistent suppression of HBV replication, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, seven drugs are available: IFN-alpha, pegylated interferon, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir. The choice of the drugs should always take into consideration the clinical features of patients, the antiviral efficacy of each drug, the risk of developing resistance, the long-term safety profile, the method of administration and the cost of therapy. Ideal candidates for treatment are hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with a prolonged phase of immune clearance and hepatitis …

Microbiology (medical)Liver Cirrhosismedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B virusCarcinoma Hepatocellularmedicine.disease_causeVirus ReplicationMicrobiologyGastroenterologyAntiviral AgentsDrug Administration ScheduleHepatitis B ChronicPegylated interferonVirologyTelbivudineInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralmedicineAdefovirHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicHepatitis B virusbusiness.industryNucleotidesLamivudineNucleosidesEntecavirHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseVirologyInfectious DiseasesPractice Guidelines as TopicHepatitia BbusinessViral hepatitisantiviral Therapymedicine.drugExpert review of anti-infective therapy
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Differential Effects of Tenofovir/Emtricitabine and Abacavir/Lamivudine on Human Leukocyte Recruitment

2012

Background The association of abacavir (ABC) with cardiovascular disease has led to HIV treatment guidelines favouring the combination of tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) over that of ABC/lamivudine (ABC/3TC). We have analysed the effects of plasma-relevant concentrations of TDF, FTC, ABC and 3TC, individually and in clinically employed combinations, on human leukocyte accumulation. The effects of ABC, 3TC, TDF and FTC on the expression of adhesion molecules were also evaluated. Methods Interactions between human leukocytes – specifically peripheral blood polymorphonuclear or mono-nuclear cells – and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated in a flow chamber reproducing in viv…

OrganophosphonatesHIV InfectionsCD18Cell CommunicationPharmacologyEmtricitabineDeoxycytidinePeripheral blood mononuclear cellIn vivoAbacavirAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveCell AdhesionLeukocytesmedicineEmtricitabineHumansPharmacology (medical)TenofovirPharmacologyCell adhesion moleculebusiness.industryAdenineEndothelial CellsLamivudineAbacavir/LamivudineDideoxynucleosidesDrug CombinationsInfectious DiseasesLamivudinebusinessCell Adhesion Moleculesmedicine.drugAntiviral Therapy
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Occurrence of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in Nairobi River Basin, Kenya.

2015

In this paper, we investigated the occurrence of three antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin) and three antiretroviral (lamivudine, nevirapine and zidovudine) drugs in the Nairobi River Basin, Kenya. The analytical procedure involved extraction using solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-ESI-MS/MS). In this study, 40 sites were selected for sampling, including 38 sites along the rivers and 2 wastewater treatment effluent sites. All the studied compounds were detected with sulfamethoxazole having the highest detection frequency of 97.5% and ciprofloxacin had the lowest at 60%. The results show…

Veterinary medicineSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationEnvironmental EngineeringNevirapine010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesta1172antiretroviral010501 environmental sciencesBiologyoccurrence01 natural sciencesRisk AssessmentantibioticsRiverspredicted no effect concentrationmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsPredicted no-effect concentrationWaste Management and DisposalEffluent0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSulfamethoxazoleSolid Phase ExtractionFishesLamivudinePollutionTrimethoprimKenyaAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinWastewaterAnti-Retroviral AgentsDaphniaEnvironmental chemistrymeasured environmental concentrationWater Pollutants Chemicalrisk quotientmedicine.drugEnvironmental MonitoringThe Science of the total environment
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Therapy with lamivudine and steroids in a patient with acute hepatitis B and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

2006

To the Editor: Tang et al.1 recently reported that lamivudine (LAM) improves renal outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and membranous nephropathy. We would like to add our experience on acute hepatitis B and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

business.industryvirus diseasesLamivudinemedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesVirusMembranous nephropathyChronic hepatitisNephrologyHepatitis B virus | Glomerulonephritis | membranous nephropathyImmunologymedicineRapidly progressive glomerulonephritisIn patientAcute hepatitis Bbusinessmedicine.drug
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Lamivudine monoprophylaxis for de novo HBV infection in HBsAg-negative recipients with HBcAb-positive liver grafts.

2011

We followed the efficacy of long-term lamivudine monotherapy in preventing development of de novo hepatitis B (DNHB) in a large cohort of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative recipients with grafts from hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb)-positive donors. Recipients were observed over a long follow-up. Between July 1999 and December 2008, 45 patients (median age 54, range 19-67) who were HBsAg negative before transplantation were included in the study of monoprophylaxis with lamivudine starting on post-operative day 1, and continuing for life. Mean follow-up: 37.9 months; median 32.1 months (range 2.4-117). No suspension of therapy was reported during the study. Post-transplantation, …

liver transplantationSettore MED/50 - Scienze Tecniche Mediche ApplicateoutcomeHBcAb-positive liver graftlamivudinehepatitis B infection
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