Search results for "layer"

showing 10 items of 2667 documents

Temperature and polymer crosslinking degree influence on drug transfer from alpha,beta-polyasparthydrazide hydrogel to model membranes. A calorimetri…

1998

Abstract A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diflunisal, has been chosen as drug model to be incorporated in α , β -polyasparthydrazide (PAHy) matrices to study the effect of polymer crosslinking degrees on the release processes from hydrogel ( X =0.4 and X =0.8) to a model membrane represented by unilamellar vesicles of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. The technique employed to monitor these processes was differential scanning calorimetry that appears to be particularly suitable to follow the transfer kinetics of a drug from a controlled release system to void biomembrane model. The drug release from the two PAHy hydrogels differently crosslinked by glutaraldehyde to the lipidic model w…

ChemistryVesicleBilayertechnology industry and agriculturePharmaceutical ScienceBiological membraneControlled releasechemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryMembraneDipalmitoylphosphatidylcholinePolymer chemistrySelf-healing hydrogelsBiophysics
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Probing DNA conductivity with photoinduced electron transfer and scanning tunneling microscopy.

2012

Abstract The possibility that the stacked DNA bases can mediate vectorial electron transfer has been examined using two different approaches. Experiments on photoinduced electron transfer with intercalated donors and acceptors (either randomly bound or linked dyads of ruthenium complex and viologen) indicate that while DNA may be a better medium than acetonitrile for electron transfer over short distances (2-3-base pair, equivalent to 10-14Å centre-to-centre separation), it is a poor medium for transport over larger separations. Attempts to measure conductivity of individual DNA molecules using scanning tunneling microscopy to image mixed monolayers of mercaptohexanol (MCH) and 30-mer or 10…

ChemistryViologenElectronsGeneral MedicineDNAPhotochemistryElectron transport chainPhotoinduced electron transferIntercalating Agentslaw.inventionElectron TransportElectron transferStructural BiologylawMicroscopy Scanning TunnelingMonolayerMicroscopymedicineNative stateScanning tunneling microscopeMolecular BiologyOxidation-Reductionmedicine.drugJournal of biomolecular structuredynamics
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Measuring the Contact Angle of Individual Colloidal Particles.

1998

The aim of this study was to measure the contact angles of individual colloidal spheres ( solidus in circle 4.4 µm) and compare it to contact angles obtained on similarly prepared planar surfaces. For this purpose the particles were attached to atomic force microscope cantilevers. Then the force between the particle in aqueous medium and an air bubble was measured versus the distance. From the resulting force curves we obtained contact angles and detachment forces of single particles. Contact angles of gold coated silica particles were adjusted between 20 degrees and 100 degrees by self-assembling monolayers from different mixtures of undecanethiols and omega-hydroxy undecanethiols from sol…

Chemistrybusiness.industryTension (physics)Surface forceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsContact angleColloidColloid and Surface ChemistrySessile drop techniqueOpticsMonolayerParticleSPHERESComposite materialbusinessJournal of colloid and interface science
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Atomistic Modeling of a New Storage

2008

It was observed that Me/Li2O and Me/LiF nanocomposites (Me is a metal that does not alloy with lithium) are able to exhibit an extra Li storage typically beyond the uptake of stoichiometric Li in the potential window 1.2 0.02 V, with pseudo-capacitive behavior and high-rate performance. Among the composites, the Ru/Li2O exhibits a high extra Li storage at this low potential. Moreover, the Li2O matrix allows one a higher storage in contact with transition metal than the LiF matrix [1,2]. To clarify the mechanism of the Li interfacial storage anomaly, we have performed comparative first principles calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of polar Ti/Li2O(111) and nonpolar Cu/LiF(00…

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureIonInorganic ChemistryElectronegativityMetalTransition metalChemical physicsvisual_artElectrodeMonolayervisual_art.visual_art_mediumLithiumZeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
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Dual-emitting Langmuir-Blodgett film-based organic light-emitting diodes.

2010

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films containing alternating layers of the metallosurfactants bis(4,4'-tridecyl-2,2'-bipyridine)-(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium(II)-bis(chloride) (1) and bis[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine](4,4'-dinonadecyl-2,2'-bipyridine)iridium(III) chloride (2) have been prepared. Langmuir monolayers at the air-water interface of 1 and 2 with different anions in the subphase have been characterized by pi-A compression isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). The transferred LB films have been characterized by IR, UV-vis and emission spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electroluminescent devices formed by LB films containing alternating layers of thes…

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesElectroluminescenceCondensed Matter PhysicsLangmuir–Blodgett filmRutheniumBipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMonolayerElectrochemistryOLEDOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceIridiumLayer (electronics)SpectroscopyLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
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Core/Shell Gel Beads with Embedded Halloysite Nanotubes for Controlled Drug Release

2019

The use of nanocomposites based on biopolymers and nanoparticles for controlled drug release is an attractive notion. We used halloysite nanotubes that were promising candidates for the loading and release of active molecules due to their hollow cavity. Gel beads based on chitosan with uniformly dispersed halloysite nanotubes were obtained by a dropping method. Alginate was used to generate a coating layer over the hybrid gel beads. This proposed procedure succeeded in controlling the morphology at the mesoscale and it had a relevant effect on the release profile of the model drug from the nanotube cavity.

ChitosanNanotubeMaterials scienceNanocompositeAlginateNanoparticleHalloysiteDrug releaseSurfaces and Interfacesengineering.materialHalloysiteSurfaces Coatings and FilmsChitosangel beadschemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringchemistryCoatinglcsh:TA1-2040Gel beadMaterials ChemistryengineeringMoleculelcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Layer (electronics)Coatings
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Synthesis and Functional Reconstitution of Light-Harvesting Complex II into Polymeric Membrane Architectures.

2015

One of most important processes in nature is the harvesting and dissipation of solar energy with the help of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII). This protein, along with its associated pigments, is the main solar-energy collector in higher plants. We aimed to generate stable, highly controllable, and sustainable polymer-based membrane systems containing LHCII-pigment complexes ready for light harvesting. LHCII was produced by cell-free protein synthesis based on wheat-germ extract, and the successful integration of LHCII and its pigments into different membrane architectures was monitored. The unidirectionality of LHCII insertion was investigated by protease digestion assays. Fluorescence …

Chlorophyll bChlorophyllChlorophyll aCell-Free SystemPolymersLipid BilayersLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryFluorescenceCatalysisFluorescence spectroscopyFluorescenceLight-harvesting complexchemistry.chemical_compoundMembraneSpectrometry FluorescencechemistryChlorophyllBiophysicsLipid bilayerPeptide HydrolasesAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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How diffusivity, thermocline and incident light intensity modulate the dynamics of Deep Chlorophyll Maximum in Tyrrhenian Sea

2015

During the last few years theoretical works have shed new light and proposed new hypotheses on the mechanisms which regulate the spatio-temporal behaviour of phytoplankton communities in marine pelagic ecosystems. Despite this, relevant physical and biological issues, such as effects of the time- dependent mixing in the upper layer, competition between groups, and dynamics of non-stationary deep chlorophyll maxima, are still open questions. In this work, we analyze the spatio-temporal behaviour of five phytoplankton populations in a real marine ecosystem by using a one-dimensional reaction-diffusion-taxis model. The study is performed, taking into account the seasonal variations of environm…

Chlorophyll0106 biological sciencesLight010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMixed layerlcsh:MedicineOceanographyRandom processeAtmospheric sciences01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPhytoplanktonMediterranean SeaMarine ecosystemSpatial ecologySeawaterMarine ecosystem14. Life underwaterPhytoplankton dynamiclcsh:Science0105 earth and related environmental sciencesDeep chlorophyll maximumMultidisciplinaryEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologylcsh:RTemperaturePelagic zoneModels TheoreticalSpatial ecology; Marine ecosystems; Phytoplankton dynamics; Deep chlorophyll maximum; Random processes; Stochastic differential equationsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Light intensitychemistry13. Climate actionChlorophyllPhytoplanktonStochastic differential equationsDeep chlorophyll maximumEnvironmental sciencelcsh:QThermoclineAlgorithmsResearch Article
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Derivation of coarse-grained simulation models of chlorophyll molecules in lipid bilayers for applications in light harvesting systems

2015

The correct interplay of interactions between protein, pigment and lipid molecules is highly relevant for our understanding of the association behavior of the light harvesting complex (LHCII) of green plants. To cover the relevant time and length scales in this multicomponent system, a multi-scale simulation ansatz is employed that subsequently uses a classical all atomistic (AA) model to derive a suitable coarse grained (CG) model which can be backmapped into the AA resolution, aiming for a seamless conversion between two scales. Such an approach requires a faithful description of not only the protein and lipid components, but also the interaction functions for the indispensable pigment mo…

ChlorophyllModels MolecularChlorophyll bChlorophyll aChlorophyll ABilayerLipid BilayersLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesGeneral Physics and AstronomyLight-harvesting complexchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryChemical physicsChlorophyllddc:540MoleculeProtein MultimerizationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryProtein Structure QuaternaryLipid bilayerAnsatz
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Mg2+-binding shifts the IM30 activity from membrane protection to membrane destabilization

2020

ABSTRACTThe inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa (IM30) is essential in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. The spatio-temporal cellular localization of the protein appears to be highly dynamic and triggered by internal as well as external stimuli, mainly light intensity. A soluble fraction of the protein is localized in the cyanobacterial cytoplasm or the chloroplast stroma, respectively. Additionally, the protein attaches to the thylakoid membrane as well as to the chloroplast inner envelope or the cyanobacterial cytoplasmic membrane, respectively, especially under conditions of membrane stress. IM30 is involved in thylakoid membrane biogenesis and/or maintenance, where it either stabi…

ChloroplastLight intensityChloroplast stromaMembraneCytoplasmChemistryThylakoidBiophysicsLipid bilayer fusionCellular localization
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