Search results for "lcsh:Public aspects of medicine"
showing 10 items of 369 documents
A combined molecular typing approach does not discriminate Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strains of a predominant sequence-based type in Palermo…
2009
Summary: The sequence-based type 1,4,3,1,1,1 of Legionella pneumophila sg.1 is predominant in the Palermo city environment since several years. In this study, extended sequence-based typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis were used in a combined approach in the aim to enhance discriminatory power of the molecular typing procedures. However, probably due to a common environmental reservoir and genetic stability, most of the strains circulating in the geographic area under study belong to the same clone and are, consequently, indistinguishable by molecular typing. Investigations of clinical cases and tracing to their environmental source require caution and support from sound epidemiolog…
The mediterranean diet: A history of health
2013
The Mediterranean tradition offers a cousine rich in colors, aromas and memories, which support the taste and the spirit of those who live in harmony with nature. Everyone is talking about the Mediterranean diet, but few are those who do it properly, thus generating a lot of confusion in the reader. And so for some it coincides with the pizza, others identified it with the noodles with meat sauce, in a mixture of pseudo historical traditions and folklore that do not help to solve the question that is at the basis of any diet: combine and balance the food so as to satisfy the qualitative and quantitative needs of an individual and in a sense, preserves his health through the use of substance…
Neglected human fascioliasis case in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area, north-western Iran
2010
"nArdabil Province, northwestern Iran, is endemic for visceral leishmaniasis of Mediterranean type from many years ago. This situation might cause to underestimate other important diseases, which occur spo­radically within the same area. In this case, a 6-year-old male patient in this area was treated as in­fected with visceral leishmaniasis initially with seropositive result for visceral leishmaniasis. After­wards, histo­pathological study of crashed material and tissue sections surprisingly revealed numer­ous liver fascio­lid fluke eggs. This case demonstrates that in an area endemic for a given parasito­ses, other im­po…
Economic Evaluation of Health Services Costs During Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Pdm09 Infection in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women in Spain
2016
Background: The healthcare and socio-economic burden resulting from influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in Spain was considerable. Our aim was to estimate and compare the management (resource utilization) and economic healthcare impact in an at-risk group of unvaccinated pregnant women with an unvaccinated group of non-pregnant woman of childbearing age (15-44 yr old). Methods: We addressed this question with a longitudinal, observational, multicentre study. Inputs were the requirements in managing both groups of women. Outcome measures were healthcare costs. Direct healthcare (including medical utilisation, prescriptions of antivirals, medication, diagnostic tests, and hospitalisation) costs and indi…
Respiratory Effects of Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollutants During Exercise
2020
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is increasing worldwide. Habitual physical activity is known to prevent cardiorespiratory diseases and mortality, but whether exposure to TRAP during exercise affects respiratory health is still uncertain. Exercise causes inflammatory changes in the airways, and its interaction with the effects of TRAP or ozone might be detrimental, for both athletes exercising outdoor and urban active commuters. In this Mini-Review, we summarize the literature on the effects of exposure to TRAP and/or ozone during exercise on lung function, respiratory symptoms, performance, and biomarkers. Ozone negatively affected pulmonary function after exercise, especially after co…
Taste, a new incentive to switch to (R)-praziquantel in schistosomiasis treatment.
2009
Background Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug compound of choice in the control and treatment of schistosomiasis. PZQ is administered as a racemate, i. e. 1∶1 mixture of enantiomers. The schistosomicidal activity arises from one PZQ-enantiomer, whereas the other enantiomer does not contribute to the activity. The WHO's Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) has assigned the low-cost preparation of pure schistosomicidal (−)-PZQ a key priority for future R&D on PZQ, but so far this transition has not happened. PZQ has two major administration drawbacks, the first being the high dose needed, and its well documented bitter and disgusting taste. Attempts of taste-mask…
From questionnaire to database: field work experience in the "Immigration, work and health survey" (ITSAL Project) De la encuesta a la base de datos:…
2011
Objective: Despite the need for information in the area of migration and health, the available data are sparse. We describe the field work in a cross-sectional study on the health of immigrant workers in Spain. Method: A convenience sample of workers from Colombia, Ecuador, Morocco and Rumania in four cities was targeted, using a block-walking approach. The outcome rates of the American Association of Public Opinion Research were estimated. Results: Of 6,504 persons approached, 71.4% were eligible contacts. Of these contacts, only 57.8% completed interviews. Response and cooperation rates were above 50%. Conclusions: Block-walking enabled surveyors to access difficult-to-reach groups. The u…
Intervención de ergonomía participativa en una empresa del sector químico A participatory ergonomics program in a chemical company
2012
Se describe una intervención de ergonomía participativa iniciada en abril de 2010 en una empresa del sector químico de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se presentó el programa de intervención en la empresa, se acordó el ámbito de la intervención (dos líneas, 24 trabajadores y trabajadoras) y se constituyó un grupo de trabajo (Grupo Ergo, formado por personas responsables, técnicos y delegados de prevención de la empresa) encargado de guiar la intervención. Se recogió mediante cuestionario información acerca de daños y riesgos ergonómicos en los trabajadores y trabajadoras de los puestos seleccionados. Esta información fue analizada por el Grupo Ergo y discutida posteriormente en círculos de prevenc…
Coinfección virus de inmunodeficiencia humana-virus de la Hepatitis C: hacia un nuevo escenario terapéutico
2017
Introducción: Las terapias contra el virus de la Hepatitis C han evolucionado vertiginosamente con el desarrollo de los antivirales de acción directa (AADs). Los nuevos regímenes han conseguido igualar las tasas de respuesta al tratamiento en los monoinfectados y los coinfectados con VIH, una población tradicionalmente difícil de tratar debido a la elevada morbimortalidad hepática y sistémica, reacciones adversas e interacciones medicamentosas. Objetivo: Analizar las opciones farmacoterapéuticas más modernas disponibles para los pacientes coinfectados con VIH y VHC, con énfasis en los nuevos antivirales de acción directa, a fin de ofrecer una herramienta útil en el abordaje terapéutico en e…
S. haematobium as a Common Cause of Genital Morbidity in Girls: A Cross-sectional Study of Children in South Africa
2013
Background Schistosoma (S.) haematobium infection is a common cause of genital morbidity in adult women. Ova in the genital mucosal lining may cause lesions, bleeding, pain, discharge, and the damaged surfaces may pose a risk for HIV. In a heterogeneous schistosomiasis endemic area in South Africa, we sought to investigate if young girls had genital symptoms and if this was associated with urinary S. haematobium. Methodology In a cross-sectional study of 18 randomly chosen primary schools, we included 1057 schoolgirls between the age of 10 and 12 years. We interviewed assenting girls, whose parents had consented to their participation and examined three urines from each of them for schistos…