Search results for "luminescence."

showing 10 items of 1568 documents

Spectral heterogeneity of oxygen-deficient centers in Ge-doped silica

2004

Abstract We report an experimental investigation of the emission spectra of a 1000 mol ppm sol–gel Ge-doped silica by fine tuning the excitation energy in the ultraviolet (UV) range, around 5 eV , and in the vacuum-UV range, around 7.3 eV , at room temperature and at 10 K . The sample is characterized by a blue (centered at ∼3.2 eV ) and an UV (centered at ∼4.3 eV ) bands. We have found that the ratio between the area of the blue and the UV bands depends on the temperature and on the excitation energy in both the vacuum-UV and the UV range. At both temperatures the spectral features of the blue and the UV bands are weakly affected when the excitation is varied in the vacuum-UV. At variance,…

RadiationPhotoluminescenceChemistryDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniummedicine.disease_causeCrystallographic defectoptical fibers radiation effects radiation-induced attenuationmedicineEmission spectrumLuminescenceInstrumentationUltravioletExcitationRadiation Measurements
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RbBr and CsBr doped with Eu2+ as new competitive X-ray storage phosphors

2001

Abstract After X-irradiation of the alkali halides RbBr and CsBr doped with divalent Eu a significant photostimulated luminescence (PSL) effect was found. In both systems the electron trap centre is an F centre, the hole trap centre is still unknown. The Eu 2+ aggregation with cation vacancies plays an important role. Although all of the different Eu 2+ aggregates seem to show PSL effects, they have different PSL efficiencies, decay times and spectral characteristics. In the case of RbBr:Eu 2+ it was possible to investigate the different Eu 2+ -cation vacancy aggregate states by magnetic circular dichroism of the optical absorption (MCDA) and MCDA-detected electron paramagnetic resonance. I…

RadiationPhotoluminescenceChemistrybusiness.industryPhotostimulated luminescenceMagnetic circular dichroismAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPhosphorlaw.inventionParamagnetismOpticslawLuminescenceEuropiumbusinessElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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Photoluminescence of neodymium and erbium doped NaLaF4 material

2013

Abstract In the course of this research several NaLaF 4 samples doped with different Er 3+ and Nd 3+ concentrations have been synthesized. For these samples photoluminescence spectra, kinetics and excitation spectra have been measured. It has been found that when samples containing Nd 3+ and Er 3+ impurities are excited in specific Nd 3+ bands not only Nd 3+ but also Er 3+ luminescence bands appear. The studies of the decay kinetics show that there is an energy transfer from Nd 3+ to Er 3+ , moreover “green” and “red” Er 3+ luminescence bands appear as result of two different energy transfer mechanisms. In addition, photoluminescence processes in Nd 3+ ions are investigated. Based on the ob…

RadiationPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNeodymiumIonErbiumchemistryImpurityExcited stateLuminescenceInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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Luminescence processes induced by UV radiation in A1N nanotips and nanorods

2008

Abstract The processes of the UV radiation induced photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence in the AlN nanotips and nanorods are studied in comparison with those in the AlN ceramics. The emission spectra of the UV radiation induced luminescence processes in the AlN nanostructures are similar to those of AlN ceramics, presumably originating from recombination processes with participation of the oxygen-related centres. In the nanostructures the luminescence processes occur mainly through the excitation of the host lattice, probably due to the smaller content of the randomly distributed defects in the lattice. The observed small mutual differences in the lumi…

RadiationPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceOptically stimulated luminescenceAluminium nitridebusiness.industryCrystal structureThermoluminescencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOptoelectronicsNanorodIrradiationLuminescencebusinessInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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Trap spectroscopy and tunnelling luminescence in feldspars

1998

Abstract Comparative studies of tunnel luminescence, thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL), and trap energy spectra by the fractional glow technique (FGT) have been made both with sanidine and microcline feldspars. After X-irradiation at LNT these feldspars show intense tunnelling afterglow. As the temperature is raised, several TSL glow peaks may be observed, starting at 135 K. An intense peak at 250 K is common to all four investigated microclines. In samples of sanidine, tunnelling afterglow overcomes TSL up to 250–260 K. With sanidine and microcline samples, the distributions of trap activation energies vs temperature obtained by the FGT are continuous and quasi-linear. Maxima in the …

RadiationPhotoluminescenceMicroclineChemistryAnalytical chemistryMineralogyengineering.materialSanidineThermoluminescenceAfterglowengineeringLuminescenceInstrumentationAlkali feldsparQuantum tunnellingRadiation Measurements
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Optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy of stimulated recombination processes in defect studies

2004

Optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy is widely used in the investigation of radiation-induced processes in wide-gap solids. This paper discusses the present understanding of applications of the experimental methods of optical and thermoactivation spectroscopy in the research of new materials, for applications in radiation dosimetry and digital imaging and in the basic research into the fundamental physics and chemistry of radiation. The advantages of the simultaneous use of optical and magnetic resonance techniques for the investigation of stimulated processes are considered.

Radiationbusiness.industryChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyRadiationCrystallographic defectlaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawOptoelectronicsDosimetrybusinessLuminescenceElectron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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Determination of the irradiation field at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz for BNCT.

2009

For the application of the BNCT for the excorporal treatment of organs at the TRIGA Mainz, the basic characteristics of the radiation field in the thermal column as beam geometry, neutron and gamma ray energies, angular distributions, neutron flux, as well as absorbed gamma and neutron doses must be determined in a reproducible way. To determine the mixed irradiation field thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) made of CaF(2):Tm with a newly developed energy-compensation filter system and LiF:Mg,Ti materials with different (6)Li concentrations and different thicknesses as well as thin gold foils were used.

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsBoron Neutron Capture TherapyIn Vitro TechniquesThermoluminescenceTransplantation AutologousTRIGAFast NeutronsFluoridesIsotopesNeutron fluxNuclear ReactorsGermanyHumansNeutronIrradiationBoronRadiationPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiochemistryLiver NeoplasmsGamma rayLiver TransplantationTransplantationEnergy TransferGamma RaysLithium CompoundsThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterApplied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
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Inter/intramolecular Cherenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) from a fluorophore with a built-in radionuclide.

2014

The Cherenkov radiation (CR) from [(18)F]-FDG, [(177)Lu]-LuCl3 and [(90)Y]-YCl3 was detected and CR energy transfer (CRET) to several fluorophores was examined. Subsequent fluorescence emission was found to be a function of the position of absorption bands with respect to the CR peak, energy of emitted particles, radionuclide/fluorophore loading, and fluorophore brightness. A variant of the best fluorophore with a built-in radionuclide was synthesized to achieve inter- and intra-molecular CRET.

RadionuclideBrightnessFluorophoreChemistryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryFluorescenceCatalysisPhysics::GeophysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysics::Popular Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundPhysics::Plasma PhysicsIntramolecular forceMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Composites[CHIM]Chemical Sciences[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherLuminescenceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Cherenkov radiationChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Environmental radioactivity at Stromboli (Aeolian Islands)

2002

HPGe gamma spectrometry, thermoluminescence dosimetry, X-ray diffractometry and fluorescence techniques have been used to analyze the natural radionuclides content of soil and rock samples, air kerma and geochemical features on the island of Stromboli, belonging to the Aeolian Islands, in the Mediterranean Sea. The 214Bi, 238Ac, and 40K contents obtained are in agreement with the magmatic evolution of the rock formation, as shown by the correlations between radionuclide and chemical elements abundacies, depending on the various magmatic differentiation mechanisms. Correlations between radiometric, lithological and geochemical data have been assessed in order to obtain some hints on the geoc…

RadionuclideRadiationMediterranean seaGeochronologyGeochemistryAeolian processesEnvironmental radioactivityIgneous differentiationRadiometric datingThermoluminescenceGeologyApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Excitation processes of the blue luminescence in crystalline SiO 2 probed by synchrotron radiation measurements

2007

Luminescence properties of crystalline α-quartz were investigated by time-resolved spectroscopy under pulsed synchrotron radiation excitation in the vacuum ultraviolet range. Our results evidence that two emission bands overlap at 2.7 eV, both being observed only at low temperature. The first contribution is excited by band-to-band transition and is related to the radiative recombination of a self trapped exciton occurring in a time scale of a few ms, the second is associated with defects induced in quartz by γ- and β-radiation, is excited at 7.6 eV and its lifetime is 3.6 ns at T = 10 K. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Range (particle radiation)ChemistryExcited stateExcitonSynchrotron radiationSpontaneous emissionAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsLuminescenceSpectroscopyExcitationphysica status solidi c
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