Search results for "macroecology"

Macroecology meets global change research

2007

Macroecological properties of ammonites : spatial distribution, phylogeny, and faunal similarity

2016

The present work, which lies between macroecology and macroevolution, focuses on the spatio-temporal dynamics of early Pliensbachian ammonites of the western Tethys. Two main questions are addressed: how does inter-assemblage compositional similarity decrease with geographical distance? What is the relationship between species range size and phylogeny, species duration and latitudinal position?Ammonite dispersal dynamics are studied through a multi-scale Similarity Distance Decay analysis. We show that their long-distance dispersal is facilitated when the environment is more homogeneous and that it is not related to their morphology. This suggests that their long-distance dispersal occurred…

Missing the rarest: is the positive interspecific abundance–distribution relationship a truly general macroecological pattern?

2009

Lepidopterists have long acknowledged that many uncommon butterfly species can be extremely abundant in suitable locations. If this is generally true, it contradicts the general macroecological pattern of the positive interspecific relationship between abundance and distribution, i.e. locally abundant species are often geographically more widespread than locally rare species. Indeed, a negative abundance–distribution relationship has been documented for butterflies in Finland. Here we show, using the Finnish butterflies as an example, that a positive abundance–distribution relationship results if the geographically restricted species are missed, as may be the case in studies based on random…

Benchmarking plant diversity of Palaearctic grasslands and other open habitats

2021

© 2021 The Authors.

Macroecology of Southern Ocean echinoids : distribution, biogeography and modelisation

2011

What are the forcing factors and main patterns of species distribution? This question is the core of macroecological issues and is of particular interest in the present context of global warming. The main objectives of this thesis were to determine the current distribution patterns of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic echinoid species at the scale of the whole Southern Ocean and to highlight the forcing factors that control them. The ecological niche modelling of 19 echinoid species showed that distribution is mainly structured in two patterns: (1) a first one represented by species that are not limited to the south of the Polar Front and distributed from the Antarctic coasts to the sub-Antarctic…

Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales

2022

Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…

Curvilinear interspecific density-range size relationship in small mammals in Finland

2013

ABSTRACTAim Macroecological patterns have mainly been depicted as atemporal, withexisting research covering only short time periods. One fundamental pattern inmacroecology is the interspecific relationship between local abundance andregional range size, which is generally considered to be positively linear. Here,we examine structural details of the relationship between abundance and rangesize in cyclic populations of small mammals and its long-term temporal varia-tion.Location Finland.Methods We analysed 39 years of trapping data of Rodentia and Soricomor-pha collected in field and forest habitats across Finland. Abundance was mea-sured as the mean population density of individuals, and range…

Global monitoring of soil animal communities using a common methodology.

2022

Here we introduce the Soil BON Foodweb Team, a cross-continental collaborative network that aims to monitor soil animal communities and food webs using consistent methodology at a global scale. Soil animals support vital soil processes via soil structure modification, consumption of dead organic matter, and interactions with microbial and plant communities. Soil animal effects on ecosystem functions have been demonstrated by correlative analyses as well as in laboratory and field experiments, but these studies typically focus on selected animal groups or species at one or few sites with limited variation in environmental conditions. The lack of comprehensive harmonised large-scale soil anim…

Do large‐scale associations in birds imply biotic interactions or environmental filtering?

2023

Aim There has been a wide interest in the effect of biotic interactions on species' occurrences and abundances at large spatial scales, coupled with a vast development of the statistical methods to study them. Still, evidence for whether the effects of within-trophic-level biotic interactions (e.g. competition and heterospecific attraction) are discernible beyond local scales remains inconsistent. Here, we present a novel hypothesis-testing framework based on joint dynamic species distribution models and functional trait similarity to dissect between environmental filtering and biotic interactions. Location France and Finland. Taxon Birds. Methods We estimated species-to-species association…

Global diversity and geography of soil fungi

2014

Fungi play integral roles in soil nutrient cycling, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns of key functional groups remain poorly understood. By using pyrosequencing data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrated fungal diversity that expands upon the taxonomic and molecular diversity recorded so far. Except for ectomycorrhizal symbionts, fungal functional group richness was unrelated to plant diversity and plant-to-fungus richness ratio declined exponentially towards the poles. Climatic factors, followed by edaphic and spatial variables, constituted the best predictors of fungal richness and community composition at the global scale. F…