Search results for "malattie"

showing 10 items of 1963 documents

Indacaterol/glycopyrronium/mometasone fixed dose combination for uncontrolled asthma

2021

INTRODUCTION Asthma symptoms can be relieved through a maintenance treatment combining long-acting β2-agonist and inhaled corticosteroids (LABA/ICS). However, for patients with inadequately controlled asthma, the LABA/ICS combination might not be sufficient. Under these conditions, clinical guidelines recommend the administration of inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) as an add-on therapy to LABA/ICS to better control asthma and improve lung function. For nearly two decades, the only LAMA to be approved on the market has been tiotropium. AREAS COVERED We reviewed recent clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of LABA/LAMA/ICS fixed dose combinations by searching Pu…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtycorticosteroidFixed-dose combinationLABAAsthma corticosteroid fixed dose combination ICS inhaler LABA LAMA once daily combination uncontrolled asthmaMuscarinic Antagonistsonce daily combinationQuinolonesSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioinhalerAdrenal Cortex HormonesInternal medicineAdministration InhalationImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansfixed dose combinationAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsAsthmaFluticasonebiologyInhalationuncontrolled asthmabusiness.industryInhalerPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthLAMALamamedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationGlycopyrrolateFluticasone-Salmeterol Drug CombinationAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesDrug CombinationsICSIndansIndacaterolSalmeterolbusinessMometasone Furoatehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drug
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A Case of Severe Dyspnea and an Unusual Bronchoscopy: The Chilaiditi Syndrome

2006

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testColonbusiness.industryDiaphragmRespiratory diseaseChilaiditi syndromeSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryEndoscopyDiaphragm (structural system)RadiographyDyspneaLiverBronchoscopyBronchoscopymedicineHumansFemaleChilaiditi Syndrome bronchoscopybusinessColonic diseaseRespiration
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The use of bronchodilators in the treatment of airway obstruction in elderly patients

2006

Abstract Ageing is associated with important anatomical, physiological and psychosocial changes that may have an impact on the management of obstructive airway diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) and on their optimal therapy. Ageing-related modifications might be responsible for a different effectiveness of bronchodilators in the elderly patients as compared to younger subjects. Furthermore, the physiological involution of organs and the frequent comorbidity, often interfere with pharmacokinetics of bronchodilator drugs used in asthma and COPD. This review will focus on the use of bronchodilators in the elderly, with particular attention to the achievable goal…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioCholinergic AntagonistsPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveElderlyBronchodilatorasthma COPDmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Intensive care medicineAdverse effectAsthmaAgedCOPDbusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)Airway obstructionAdrenergic beta-Agonistsmedicine.diseaseComorbidityrespiratory tract diseasesBronchodilator AgentsbronchodilatorsAirway ObstructionBronchodilator AgentsXanthinesAirwaybusiness
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Withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: A meta-analysis

2017

Background Conflicting findings exist on the benefit of withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a quantitative synthesis in order to assess real impact of ICS discontinuation in COPD patients. Methods We carried out a meta-analysis via random-effects model on the available clinical evidence to evaluate the effect of ICS discontinuation in COPD. Randomized clinical trials and observational real-life studies investigating the effects of ICS withdrawal on the risk of COPD exacerbation, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]) and quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ]) were identified by sear…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSocio-culturaleSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineGlucocorticoidQuality of lifeRandomized controlled triallawInhaled corticosteroidForced Expiratory VolumeAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineGlucocorticoidsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRespiratory Function TestCOPDInhaled corticosteroidsbusiness.industryChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseaseRespiratory Function TestsDiscontinuationrespiratory tract diseasesChronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Inhaled corticosteroids; Withdrawal030228 respiratory systemWithholding TreatmentMeta-analysisRelative riskWithdrawalQuality of LifeCorticosteroidObservational studyChronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Inhaled corticosteroids; Withdrawal; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Biochemistry (medical); Pharmacology (medical)businessHuman
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The puzzle of metabolic effects of obstructive sleep apnoea in children.

2016

In adults, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is often associated with metabolic alterations. Although obesity is a major culprit [1], large epidemiological studies have reported a metabolic risk associated with OSA that is independent of obesity. In particular, meta-analyses have shown that effective treatment of OSA by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves glycaemic control in both diabetic [2] and nondiabetic patients [3]. In obese children with obstructive sleep apnoea insulin resistance is common while lipids do not show a clear pattern

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentPolysomnographySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioCulprit03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistancestomatognathic systemInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumansContinuous positive airway pressureChildTonsillectomySleep Apnea Obstructivebusiness.industryMedicine (all)Metabolic riskmedicine.diseaseSleep in non-human animalsObesitynervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesChild; Humans; Polysomnography; Sleep Apnea Obstructive; Tonsillectomy; Medicine (all); Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineEndocrinology030228 respiratory systemMetabolic effectsCardiologybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanThe European respiratory journal
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Chronic kidney disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. A narrative review.

2018

Prevalence of both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is continuously increasing. Moreover, the prevalence of OSA increases as kidney function declines and is higher among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, OSA is recognized as a potential nontraditional risk factor for development and progression of CKD. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) plays a pivotal role in the management of OSA, eliminating patients' symptoms and improving their quality of life. Recent studies suggested that CPAP treatment may have beneficial effects on kidney function among patients with OSA. This narrative review summarizes the existing knowledge on the as…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentRenal functionDiseaseSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriourologic and male genital diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemQuality of lifeRisk FactorsPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumansContinuous positive airway pressureRisk factorRenal Insufficiency ChronicChronic kidney disease Continuous positive airway pressure Kidney function Nocturnal hypoxia Obstructive sleep apneaSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industrymedicine.diseasenervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesObstructive sleep apnea030228 respiratory systemNeurologyNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryKidney diseaseSleep medicine reviews
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Sleep apnoea and metabolic dysfunction.

2013

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition often associated with central obesity. In the past few years, several studies have analysed the potential independent contribution of OSA to the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormalities, including type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. New perspectives in OSA patient care have been opened by the promotion of lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise programmes that could improve both OSA and the metabolic profile. The rich clinical literature on this subject, together with the growing amount of data on pathophysiological mechanisms provided by animal studies using the chronic inter…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentReviewDiseaseType 2 diabetesSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriostomatognathic systemRisk FactorsSleep and breathingDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansObesityContinuous positive airway pressureIntensive care medicineLungMetabolic Syndromelcsh:RC705-779Sleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryRespirationSleep apnealcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemmedicine.diseaseObesitynervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesdiabetes metabolic syndrome weight lossTreatment OutcomeAdipose TissuePhysical therapyMetabolic syndromebusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorSignal Transduction
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The potential role of SP-D as an early biomarker of severity of asthma

2021

Surfactant decreases the surface tension of peripheral airways and modulates the immunological responses of the lung. The alterations of surfactant due to the airway inflammation suggest a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. We aim to test the hypothesis that serum levels of SP-A (Surfactant Protein A) and SP-D (Surfactant Protein-D) are altered in patients with mild asthma compared to healthy controls and those alterations are related to functional abnormalities of peripheral airways, which are an early marker of progression of asthma. In this pilot study, we recruited 20 mild asthmatics and 10 healthy controls. We measured serum SP-A and SP-D and all subjects underwent clinical, lung func…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyprecision medicinePilot ProjectsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioGastroenterologyPathogenesisPulmonary surfactantInternal medicinemedicineHumansIn patientAsthmasmall airwaysLungbusiness.industryasthmaPulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein Dmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesPeripheralSurfactant protein Amedicine.anatomical_structureBreath TestsBiomarker (medicine)businessBiomarkersJournal of Breath Research
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Suggestions for lung function testing in the context of COVID-19

2021

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a challenge worldwide. Due to the characteristics of lung function tests, the risk of cross infection may be high between health care workers and patients. The role of lung function testing is well defined for the diagnosis of various diseases and conditions. Lung function tests are also indispensable in evaluating the response to medical treatment, in monitoring patient respiratory and systemic pathologies, and in evaluating preoperative risk in cardiothoracic and major abdominal surgeries. However, lung function testing represents a potential route for COVID-19 transmission, due to the aerosol generated during the procedures an…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtywarningsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Context (language use)DiseaseReview ArticleSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioPulmonary function testing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePandemicHealth careMedicine030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineLung functionbusiness.industryTransmission (medicine)COVID-19COVID-19; Indications; Lung function testing; warningsrespiratory systemLung function testing030228 respiratory systemIndications Lung function testing warnings COVID-19Indicationsbusiness
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BMI can influence adult males' and females' airway hyperresponsiveness differently

2012

Abstract Background Epidemiological data indicate that obesity is a risk factor for asthma, but scientific literature is still debating the association between changes in body mass index (BMI) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Methods This study aimed at evaluating the influence of BMI on AHR, in outpatients with symptoms suggestive of asthma. 4,217 consecutive adult subjects (2,439 M; mean age: 38.2±14.9 yrs; median FEV1 % predicted: 100 [IQR:91.88-107.97] and FEV1/FVC % predicted: 85.77% [IQR:81.1-90.05]), performed a methacholine challenge test for suspected asthma. Subjects with PD20 20 20 > 800 were considered affected by severe, moderate or mild AHR, respectively. Results A total …

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicineobesitymedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyAirway hyperresponsivenessPhysiologybody mass indexSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio03 medical and health sciencesFEV1/FVC ratio0302 clinical medicineAirway hyperresponsivenessEpidemiologymedicinemales and femalesobesity hyperreactivity lung function genderOriginal Research Article030212 general & internal medicineRisk factorSuspected asthmaAsthmalcsh:RC705-7792. Zero hungerbusiness.industrymethacholine testlcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemasthmarespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseObesityrespiratory tract diseases030228 respiratory systembusinessBody mass index
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