Search results for "malnutrition."
showing 10 items of 178 documents
Treatment with essential amino acids in patients on chronic hemodialysis: a double blind cross-over study.
1978
Patients on chronic hemodialysis may suffer from a latent protein deficiency, and therapy with essential amino acids has been recommended. In a double blind cross-over study, 13 hemodialysis patients received orally 15.7 g of essential amino acids daily over a 3-month period. Patients were on a liberal diet, containing 1 g of protein per kilogram of body weight per day. Hemodialysis was adequate. Therapy resulted in an increase in urea, uric acid, C3 c complement factor and a fall in C4. Lysine levels increased and phenylalanine fell. Malnutrition could not account for the observed metabolic changes, which are more likely due to uremic metabolic disturbances. A liberal diet of 1 g of protei…
Hormonal and psychological factors linked to the increased thermic effect of food in malnourished fasting anorexia nervosa
2007
In patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), weight gain is lower than that expected from the energy content of the meals. Thus we investigated the thermic effect of food (TEF) in relation to subjective feelings and plasma hormone levels in a group of AN patients.TEF, feelings (14 items), and plasma release of beta-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, dopamine, and catecholamines were evaluated in 15 AN patients (body mass index, 13.6 +/- 1.2 kg.m(-2)) and in 15 healthy women after three gastric loads (0, 300, 700 kcal) infused by a nasogastric tube in a blind design.In AN, the blind loads induced an energy-dependent increase in TEF (P0.001), which was higher than that observed in healthy women (P0.001). …
Role of Cachexia and Fragility in the Patient Candidate for Cardiac Surgery
2021
Frailty is the major expression of accelerated aging and describes a decreased resistance to stressors, and consequently an increased vulnerability to additional diseases in elderly people. The vascular aging related to frail phenotype reflects the high susceptibility for cardiovascular diseases and negative postoperative outcomes after cardiac surgery. Sarcopenia can be considered a biological substrate of physical frailty. Malnutrition and physical inactivity play a key role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. We searched on Medline (PubMed) and Scopus for relevant literature published over the last 10 years and analyzed the strong correlation between frailty, sarcopenia and cardiovascular…
WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of the flowchart of nutritional management of adult patients hospitalized in medicine, surgery and rehabilitation at the CHR de…
2017
Introduction and aim As part of a nutritional support systematic review of adult patients hospitalized in medicine, surgery and rehabilitation at The Citadel regional hospital (Liege, Belgium), starting on 01/12/2014 and using the liaison committee on feeding and nutrition (CLAN: Comite de liaison alimentation et nutrition ), the nursing department implemented a flowchart. The first part of the NRS-2002 was integrated into the nurse anamnesis. The goal was to evaluate the application of this multidisciplinary flowchart after five months of operation. Material and methods A retrospective study was conducted from April to August 2015. The work of dieticians (12 respondents) and nurses (47 nur…
Nutrition-related health problems in a wealthy 17-18th century German community in Jelgava, Latvia.
2012
The aim of this research is to assess the presence of stress in a high status German population from Jelgava, Latvia. The skeletal material used in this study came from a recently excavated church cemetery, with most of the burials dating to the 17-18th centuries. In total, 108 individuals (80 adults and 28 non-adults) were analysed for evidence of scurvy, rickets/osteomalacia and anaemia. The presence of scurvy and healed rickets/osteomalacia could not be confirmed in any adult individual. Among non-adults, a possible diagnosis of scurvy was considered in six individuals, and active rickets was suggested in two others. Cribra orbitalia in adult and non-adult individuals also argued for the…
Impact of Undernutrition on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anticancer Drugs: A Literature Review
2017
The etiology of undernourishment in cancer patients is multifactorial: tumor-related mechanisms (such as obstruction, metabolic abnormalities, and functionality changes) in addition to the influence of anticancer therapies, which can induce or worsen undernutrition. The evident role of undernutrition in cancer treatment outcomes suggests the need of considering nutritional status when evaluating anticancer drugs. In order to merge the available data and offer researchers and clinicians a global view of this phenomenon, the present manuscript reviews on a drug-by-drug basis the undernutrition-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of anticancer treatments. This review notes inte…
Host-related factors and cancer: Malnutrition and non-Hodgkin lymphoma
2022
Assessment of host-related factors is a crucial aspect in the comprehensive management of cancer patients. A distinct nutritional disturbance linked to cancer has been recognized to be associated with negative outcomes. However, compared to solid tumors, only a limited number of studies have looked specifically at nutritional issues in the field of lymphoma. The aim of this review is to integrate the current knowledge on interactions between malnutrition and lymphoma and address most relevant and pertinent questions. We first provide a literature review on the mutual biological relationship between malnutrition and lymphoma. Next, we explore the overlap between malnutrition, sarcopenia, cac…
Conscious and unconscious identification of female anorectic patients in in-patient psychotherapy
2009
Women are up to ten times more likely to develop anorexia nervosa (AN) than men. Psychoanalytic explanations of this disparity generally emphasize female identification problems due to unresolved conflicts with maternal representations. Based on clinical observation, we identify a subtype of AN patients characterized, first, by consistent idealization of the father who needs the patient for the fulfilment of his own narcissistic needs and, second, by the patient's need to be idealized by the father due to suffering in connection with early emotional malnutrition on the part of the mother. To illustrate this hypothesis, we present the case of a well-educated young woman displaying unconsciou…
Nutrition, public health, and sustainability: an overview of current challenges and future perspectives
2020
Abstract Marked changes in the lifestyle of society over the past few years, both in developed and developing countries, lead to an increase in sedentary activities and the consumption of unhealthy diets. This is the main cause of the increase of malnutrition and overweight people worldwide that, in turn, lead to chronic diseases like obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases that are of high public health concern. The aim of this chapter is to provide some advice for maintaining a healthy diet and the technologies that could be applied to achieve global food security in a sustainable way, and reducing food waste. On the other hand, the importance of bioactive compo…
100 Million Filipinos
2017
The Philippine archipelago, with more than 100 million inhabitants, is the 12th most populous in the world, one the fastest growing and youngest countries in Asia, and will soon overtake an aging Japan. Causes of the high rate of population growth include the teachings of the influential Philippine Catholic Church (no divorce, contraception or abortion) and the active sexual life of young Filipinos. Many women become pregnant at a very early age, soon after puberty. The country has not developed population control policies as some other countries (Thailand, China) have. Therefore it has a very young population with few elderly people, a situation that may be good for the economy (demographi…