Search results for "mathematical model."

showing 10 items of 343 documents

Dynamical heterogeneities in a supercooled Lennard-Jones liquid

1997

We present the results of a large scale molecular dynamics computer simulation study in which we investigate whether a supercooled Lennard-Jones liquid exhibits dynamical heterogeneities. We evaluate the non-Gaussian parameter for the self part of the van Hove correlation function and use it to identify ``mobile'' particles. We find that these particles form clusters whose size grows with decreasing temperature. We also find that the relaxation time of the mobile particles is significantly shorter than that of the bulk, and that this difference increases with decreasing temperature.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMathematical modelGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCalculation methodsMolecular dynamicsCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)Lennard-Jones potential0103 physical sciencesParticleDynamical heterogeneity010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySupercooling
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Accurate Evaluation of Fermi-Dirac Integrals and Their Derivatives for Arbitrary Degeneracy and Relativity

1996

The equation of state of an ideal Fermi gas is expressed in terms of Fermi-Dirac integrals. We give formulae for evaluation the Fermi-Dirac integrals of orders 1/2, 3/2, and 5/2 and their derivatives in various limits of non- and extreme degeneracy and relativity. We provide tables and a Fortran subroutine for numerical evaluation of the integrals and derivatives when a limit does not apply. The functions can be evaluated to better than 1% accuracy for any temperature and density using these methods.

PhysicsEquation of stateIdeal (set theory)Mathematical modelAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicssymbols.namesakeTheory of relativitySpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsFermi–Dirac statisticsLimit (mathematics)Fermi gasDegeneracy (mathematics)Mathematical physicsThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
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New- vs. chaotic- inflations

2015

We show that "spiralized" models of new-inflation can be experimentally identified mostly by their positive spectral running in direct contrast with most chaotic-inflation models which have negative runnings typically in the range of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4}-10^{-3})$.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyMathematical model010308 nuclear & particles physics0103 physical sciencesChaoticContrast (statistics)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsStatistical physics010306 general physics01 natural sciencesAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
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Dissipative soliton interactions inside a fiber laser cavity

2005

We report our recent numerical and experimental observations of dissipative soliton interactions inside a fiber laser cavity. A bound state, formed from two pulses, may have a group velocity which differs from that of a single soliton. As a result, they can collide inside the cavity. This results in a variety of outcomes. Numerical simulations are based either on a continuous model or on a parameter-managed model of the cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation. Each of the models provides explanations for our experimental observations. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PhysicsMathematical modelContinuous modellingNumerical analysisAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionDissipative solitonClassical mechanicsControl and Systems EngineeringlawQuantum electrodynamicsOptical cavityBound stateGroup velocitySolitonElectrical and Electronic EngineeringNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsInstrumentationOptical Fiber Technology
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Ground-state properties of generalized Heisenberg chains with composite spin.

1988

We consider in detail the ground-state properties of recently introduced generalized Heisenberg models which can have several spin operators at each site and which interpolate smoothly between Heisenberg chains of different spin lengths. We show that the mappings to field-theoretical models used to describe the critical properties of the Heisenberg model remain valid in the composite-spin model. In models which interpolate between the spin-(1/2 and the spin-1 behavior, these mappings predict an extended singlet phase around the isotropic antiferromagnetic point whenever the models move away from the spin-(1/2 point. Numerical calculations on finite chains seem to confirm the existence of th…

PhysicsMathematical modelHeisenberg modelQuantum mechanicsIsotropyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSinglet stateAngular momentum operatorGround stateMathematical OperatorsSpin-½Physical review. B, Condensed matter
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The tau lepton and its associated neutrino

1990

12 páginas.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMathematical modelParticle modelElectroweak interactionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicsElementary particleFermionMassless particleHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoLepton
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Fluid dynamical response to initial state fluctuations

2014

Abstract We investigate a fluid dynamical response to the fluctuations and geometry of the initial state density profiles in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions.

PhysicsNuclear reactionNuclear and High Energy Physicsta114Mathematical model010308 nuclear & particles physicsFluid mechanicsState (functional analysis)Mechanics01 natural sciencesClassical mechanicsFlow (mathematics)State density0103 physical sciencesKinetic theory of gasesHeavy ionNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsNuclear Physics A
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QCD condensates from tau-decay data: A functional approach

2004

We study a functional method to extract the V − A condensate of dimension 6 from a comparison of τ -decay data with the asymptotic space-like QCD prediction. Our result is in agreement within errors with that from conventional analyses based on finite energy sum rules.

PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFunctional approachFOS: Physical sciencesPerturbation (Mathematics)Mathematical analysisRenormalization (Physics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Dimension (vector space)Quantum mechanics[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Quantum chromodynamics -- Mathematical modelsSum rule in quantum mechanicsEnergy (signal processing)
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Studies of the hydrodynamic evolution of matter produced in fluctuations inp¯pcollisions and in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions

1986

In this first paper of a series of two, we present a comprehensive study of the hydrodynamic evolution of matter produced in the central region of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions and in high-multiplicity fluctuations of p-barp-italic collisions. We shall begin with a discussion of the limits of the applicability of a perfect-fluid hydrodynamic description of high-energy collisions. A simple bag-model equation of state is argued to have qualitative and semiquantitative features expected from lattice gauge theory and present theoretical understanding. We also discuss the boundary conditions for the perfect-fluid hydrodynamic equations, and what classes of simple events would correspond…

PhysicsStrange matterEquation of stateClassical mechanicsMathematical modelLattice gauge theoryQuantum electrodynamicsQuark–gluon plasmaLattice field theoryBoundary value problemQuantum field theoryPhysical Review D
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On the measurement of local gas hold-up and interfacial area in gas–liquid contactors via light sheet and image analysis

2010

Abstract Particle image velocimetry techniques coupled with advanced image processing tools are receiving an increasing interest for measuring flow quantities and local bubble-size distributions in gas–liquid contactors. Aim of this work is that of providing a numerical procedure able to reconstruct local gas hold-up and specific interfacial area from images obtained by laser sheet illumination. A correction for measured quantities accounting for laser sheet thickness is proposed and tested by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The algorithms proposed are robust and independent of any measured parameters of the actual bubble size distribution.

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Specific interfacial areaMathematical modellingbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringBubbleFlow (psychology)Monte Carlo methodMultiphase flowImage processingGeneral ChemistryLocal gas hold-upLaserIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringImaginglaw.inventionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsOpticsMixingParticle image velocimetrylawMultiphase flowbusinessChemical Engineering Science
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