Search results for "molecular"

showing 10 items of 32340 documents

Supplementary material 4 from: Vecchi M, Stec D (2021) Integrative descriptions of two new Macrobiotus species (Tardigrada, Eutardigrada, Macrobiotid…

2021

Partitions and models selection results

species delineationwater bearsMacrobiotus persimilis complexegg ornamentationintegrative taxonomymolecular phylogeny
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Supplementary material 3 from: Vecchi M, Stec D (2021) Integrative descriptions of two new Macrobiotus species (Tardigrada, Eutardigrada, Macrobiotid…

2021

Thorpe normalization calculations and results

species delineationwater bearsMacrobiotus persimilis complexegg ornamentationintegrative taxonomymolecular phylogeny
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Temperature-dependent mutational robustness can explain faster molecular evolution at warm temperatures, affecting speciation rate and global pattern…

2016

Distribution of species across the Earth shows strong latitudinal and altitudinal gradients with the number of species decreasing with declining temperatures. While these patterns have been recognized for well over a century, the mechanisms generating and maintaining them have remained elusive. Here, we propose a mechanistic explanation for temperature-dependent rates of molecular evolution that can influence speciation rates and global biodiversity gradients. Our hypothesis is based on the effects of temperature and temperature-adaptation on stability of proteins and other catalytic biomolecules. First, due to the nature of physical forces between biomolecules and water, stability of biomo…

species diversitymolecular evolutionmutational robustnesslajiutuminenlämpötila
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Pd2Au36(SR)(24) cluster: structure studies

2015

The location of the Pd atoms in Pd2Au36(SC2H4Ph)(24), is studied both experimentally and theoretically. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates oxidized Pd atoms. Palladium K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data clearly show Pd-S bonds, which is supported by far infrared spectroscopy and by comparing theoretical EXAFS spectra in R space and circular dichroism spectra of the staple, surface and core doped structures with experimental spectra.

spectroscopyAtomsElectronic-propertiesnanoclustersMass-spectrometrychemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyCrystal structureSpectral lineÀtomsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyOptical-propertiesCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityRay-absorption spectroscopyCluster (physics):Física::Electromagnetisme [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]General Materials ScienceGold nanoclustersta116Theoretical-analysista114Extended X-ray absorption fine structureDopingProtected au-25 nanoclustersEspectroscòpia de raigs XCrystallographyLigand-exchangechemistryCrystal-structureddc:540X-ray spectroscopyNanoparticles:Física::Física molecular [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Absorption (chemistry)Palladium
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Octopus, a computational framework for exploring light-driven phenomena and quantum dynamics in extended and finite systems

2020

Over the last few years, extraordinary advances in experimental and theoretical tools have allowed us to monitor and control matter at short time and atomic scales with a high degree of precision. An appealing and challenging route toward engineering materials with tailored properties is to find ways to design or selectively manipulate materials, especially at the quantum level. To this end, having a state-of-the-art ab initio computer simulation tool that enables a reliable and accurate simulation of light-induced changes in the physical and chemical properties of complex systems is of utmost importance. The first principles real-space-based Octopus project was born with that idea in mind,…

spectroscopyPhotonelectronic-structure calculationsComputer sciencespectraQuantum dynamicsmolecular-dynamicsComplex systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryspin01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaEngineeringTDDFTreal-space0103 physical sciencesoctopusgeneralized gradient approximationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrydensity-functional theoryMassively parallelQuantumChemical Physicsreal time010304 chemical physicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)scientific software0104 chemical sciencestotal-energy calculationsphysics.comp-phPhysical SciencesChemical Sciencespolarizable continuum modelState of matterSystems engineeringLight drivenDensity functional theoryPhysics - Computational Physics
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Trapped Ion Oscillation Frequencies as Sensors for Spectroscopy

2010

The oscillation frequencies of charged particles in a Penning trap can serve as sensors for spectroscopy when additional field components are introduced to the magnetic and electric fields used for confinement. The presence of so-called "magnetic bottles" and specific electric anharmonicities creates calculable energy-dependences of the oscillation frequencies in the radiofrequency domain which may be used to detect the absorption or emission of photons both in the microwave and optical frequency domains. The precise electronic measurement of these oscillation frequencies therefore represents an optical sensor for spectroscopy. We discuss possible applications for precision laser and microw…

spectroscopyPhotonmagnetic momentlcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryElectromagnetic FieldsElectric fieldmagnetic bottlelcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringMicrowavesSpectroscopyInstrumentationIonsOscillationChemistryLasersSpectrum Analysispenning trapPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon trapRotational spectroscopyAtomic physicsMicrowaveSensors
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Realization of time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet-photon ionization

2009

International audience; Ultrafast dynamics of excited molecules is studied through time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet (vuv)- photon ionization using a nonlinear volume autocorrelator unit. The two-vuv-photon process is induced by the intense fifth harmonic radiation of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. In a proof-of-principle experiment, ultrafast dynamics of excited ethylene and oxygen molecules are investigated. Molecular decay times are deduced by comparing the experimental data with the results of a numerical model that accounts for the spatial and temporal characteristics of the harmonic field. The present experiments pave a convenient way for time domain investigations in the vuv-xuv s…

spectroscopyattosecondPhoton[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Physics::Opticsphotoionisationnm01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtmospheric-pressure laser ionization010309 opticsFrequency conversionIonizationhigher order harmonic generation0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersethylenemoleculestwo-photon processesPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsUltrafast dynamicsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]photodissociationdynamicsVUVAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaser-pulsesVacuum ultravioletExtreme ultravioletmolecule-photon collisionsXUX32.80.Rm 42.65.Re 42.65.KyHHGAtomic physicsultrafast internal-conversionorganic compoundsphysicsRealization (systems)oxygen
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Understanding the Interactions of Guanine Quadruplexes with Peptides as Novel Strategies for Diagnosis or Tuning Biological Functions

2023

Guanine quadruplexes (G4s) are nucleic acid structures exhibiting a complex structural behavior and exerting crucial biological functions, in both cells and viruses. The specific interactions of peptides with G4s, as well as the understanding of the factors driving the specific recognition, are important for the rational design of both therapeutic and diagnostic agents. In the present minireview, we examine the most important studies dealing with the interactions between G4s and peptides, highlighting the strengths and limitations of the present analytic approaches. We also show how the combined use of high-level molecular simulation techniques and experimental spectroscopy represents the b…

spectroscopymolecular modelingSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaOrganic ChemistrypeptidesRNAMolecular MedicineDNAguanine quadruplexesMolecular BiologyBiochemistryChemBioChem
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Tin resonance-ionization schemes for atomic- And nuclear-structure studies

2020

This paper presents high-precision spectroscopic measurements of atomic tin using five different resonance-ionization schemes performed with the collinear resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique. Isotope shifts were measured for the stable tin isotopes from the $5{s}^{2}5{p}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}^{3}{P}_{0,1,2}$ and ${}^{1}{S}_{0}$ to the $5{s}^{2}5p6s\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}^{1}{P}_{1},^{3}{P}_{1,2}$ and $5{s}^{2}5p7s{\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}$ atomic levels. The magnetic dipole hyperfine constants ${A}_{\mathrm{hf}}$ have been extracted for six atomic levels with electron angular momentum $Jg0$ from the hyperfine structures of nuclear spin $I=1/2$ tin isot…

spektroskopiachemistry.chemical_elementPhysics Atomic Molecular & Chemical7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasatomifysiikkaAtomic theory0103 physical sciencesIsotopes of tinNuclear Physics - ExperimentPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structurePhysicsisotoopitScience & TechnologyPhysicsNuclear structureCharge (physics)OpticsConfiguration interactionchemistryPhysical SciencestinaAtomic physicsTinPhysical Review A
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Theoretical study of systems with interest in molecular magnetism and electronics

2013

The project described in this thesis is motivated by a particular interest in Molecular Magnetism from a theoretical point of view. Molecular Magnetism, is still a thriving research field where some problems remain unexplored: A large amount of molecular systems are still theoretically unmanageable due to their huge computational requirements, while the standard software package cannot profit from the power of multiprocessor supercomputers. The scientific community would require a computational code to calculate the magnetic properties of mixed-valence clusters. A new magnetic POM, which needs only one magnetic ion to behave as SMMs, has appeared. A rationalization of its behaviour and an e…

spintronicsmolecular electronicsUNESCO::QUÍMICAmolecular magnetismUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química inorgánica::Tierras rarasnanoscience:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]:QUÍMICA::Química inorgánica::Tierras raras [UNESCO]
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