Search results for "mononuclear cell"
showing 10 items of 282 documents
Spontaneous lymphokine synthesis by human blood mononuclear cells
1975
LYMPHOCYTES, after antigenic stimulation, may synthesise and release biologically active soluble factors other than antibodies. These mediators were termed lymphokines by Dumonde1, and the most extensively studied and best characterised are migration inhibitory factors which can inhibit the migration of macrophages or leukocytes: this is the property used for their in vitro bioassay. Apart from antigens, various other stimuli may trigger lymphokine synthesis by lymphocytes, for example, polyclonal mitogens2, anti-immunoglobulin or membrane Fc or C3-receptor reactions3,4. Furthermore, migration inhibitory activity has been found in the long term culture supernatants of some established lymph…
Stimulation of synovial fluid mononuclear cells with the human 65-kD heat shock protein or with live enterobacteria leads to preferential expansion o…
1992
SUMMARY T lymphocyte responses to heterologous or self 65-kD heat shock protein (hsp) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various forms of arthritis. To delineate the relationship of 65-kD hsp to different synovial fluid (SF) T cell subsets, we stimulated synovial fluid (SFMC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with different inflammatory rheumatic diseases and from healthy controls with human or mycobacterial 65-kD hsp, tetanus toxoid (TT), heat-killed or live Yersinia enterocotitica. Phenotyping of the resulting T cell lines revealed an increase of up to 97% TCR-γδ+ lymphocytes in the 65-kD hsp-stimulatcd SF-derived lines. This expansion of TCR-γδ+ cells w…
Different T-cell Receptor (TCR) Zeta Chain Expression in Cervical Cancer and its Precursor Lesions
2006
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer is associated with infection of epithelial cells with the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and HPV18. A functional signalling machinery in T-cells is required in order to successfully fight and eradicate HPV16+ transformed epithelial cells. One of the key signalling molecules associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR) is the homodimeric zeta chain molecule. MATERIAL AND METHODS 28 formalin fixed und paraffin embedded samples of cervical tissue with cervical intraepithelial lesions CIN I (n = 3), CIN III (n = 7), invasive cervical carcinoma (CC) (n = 13) and normal cervical tissue (n = 5) has been evaluated for HPV-PCR und zeta chain immunohistochemistry. For immun…
Functional characterization of SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests a complex inflammatory response and metabolic alterations
2020
AbstractCovid-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has reached the category of a worldwide pandemic. Even though intensive efforts, no effective treatments or a vaccine are available. Molecular characterization of the transcriptional response in Covid-19 patients could be helpful to identify therapeutic targets. In this study, RNAseq data from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from Covid-19 patients and healthy controls was analyzed from a functional point of view using probabilistic graphical models. Two networks were built: one based on genes differentially expressed between healthy and infected individuals and another one based on the 2,000 most variable genes in terms of expressi…
Test system for trifunctional antibodies in 3D MCTS culture.
2009
The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of a 3D tumor cell culture model, that is, multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) as an adequate model for micrometastases and therefore as a pharmacological model for efficacy testing of trifunctional therapeutic antibodies. Unlike conventional monolayer cultures, spheroids allow researchers to study parameters, such as 3D cell shape, 3D cell arrangement and microenvironment, and penetration efficiency of defense cells that may largely influence the efficacy of antibody treatment in vivo. The authors established a long-term coculture of human MCTSs with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to test the anticancer effect of the …
High Expression of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 on Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells and Multiple Myeloma Cells
2020
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by aberrant bone marrow plasma cell (PC) proliferation and is one of the most common hematological malignancies. The potential effect of cannabinoids on the immune system and hematological malignancies has been poorly characterized. Cannabidiol (CBD) may be used to treat various diseases. CBD is known to exert immunomodulatory effects through the activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), which is expressed in high levels in the hematopoietic system. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a heterogeneous population of polyclonal T lymphocytes obtained via ex vivo sequential incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with interferon-&gam…
T lymphocyte control of autoreactivity: analysis with human T cell clones and limiting dilution culture
1986
To investigate cellular mechanisms controlling activated autoreactive T lymphocytes, a limiting dilution system was established employing cloned autoreactive major his-tocompatibility complex class II specific lymphocytes (a2/7) as stimulator cells for autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells. At low responder/stimulator ratios, cytotoxic effector cells were generated capable of lysing clone a2/7. Importantly, within the population of cells mediating autocytotoxic effector function, differential specificities were found to exist. The generation of such autocytotoxic T lymphocytes appears to be inhibited by an additional population of cells circulating at lower frequency suggesting that…
Flupirtine protects both neuronal cells and lymphocytes against induced apoptosis in vitro: Implications for treatment of AIDS patients
1999
In the present study we demonstrate that flupirtine, an already clinically used, centrally acting, non-opiate analgesic agent, protects rat cortical neurons against HIV-gp120 induced apoptotic cell death. The drug was active at concentrations between 1 and 10 microg/ml. Furthermore we show inhibition of in vitro induced apoptosis in human blood mononuclear cells, using flupirtine. Induced apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and HIV-1 infected patients was reduced to approximately 50% after in vitro preincubation with flupirtine at concentrations between 0.1 and 10 microg/ml. The anti-apoptotic effect of flupirtine was restricted to CD3+ lymphocytes and i…
The 2-5A System and HIV Infection
1994
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The progression of this retro viral disease is associated with various clinical manifestations, including the acquisition of an immunodeficient state, the frequent presence of neurological disorders, and some malignancies (reviewed in Barre-Sinoussi et al. 1983; Wong-Staal and Gallo 1985; Fauci 1988). Immunologic dysfunctions caused by HIV-1 infection include disorders in the production of cytokines (Murray et al. 1984; Abb et al. 1986). For example, a significant decrease in the production of interferon-α (IFN-α) by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from pat…
Enrichment of Outgrowth Endothelial Cells in High and Low Colony-Forming Cultures from Peripheral Blood Progenitors
2009
An effective isolation protocol for outgrowth endothelial cells (OEC) resulting in higher cell numbers and a reduced expansion time would facilitate the therapeutical application. In this study a standard protocol based on the isolation of mononuclear cells from adult peripheral blood was modified by adding a passaging step 7 days after the isolation. OEC colonies gained by both protocols were evaluated after 28 days and resulted in different frequencies of OEC colonies depending on the donor and culture protocol. Accordingly, we defined two groups, namely, high colony-forming cultures (HCC) and low colony-forming cultures (LCC) for further analysis. LCC revealed no increase in OEC colonies…