Search results for "motor vehicles"
showing 10 items of 38 documents
Work Environment, Stress, and Driving Anger: A Structural Equation Model for Predicting Traffic Sanctions of Public Transport Drivers.
2018
Public transport is an effective and sustainable alternative to private vehicle usage, also helping to reduce the environmental impact of driving. However, the work environment of public transport operators is full of adverse conditions, which, together with their high mileage, may increase the occurrence of negative safety outcomes such as traffic accidents, often preceded by risky road behaviors enhanced by stress, anger, and difficult operating conditions. The aims of this study were, first, to determine the association between work-related psychosocial factors and individual characteristics of public transport drivers and the rate of traffic sanctions they are subject to; and second, to…
Seasonal and socio-demographic determinants of school commuting
2011
OBJECTIVE: To report prevalence of commuting to school in Norway with regard to season, gender, parental education level, ethnicity and distance to school. METHODS: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from the Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks project collected in 2008, including 1,339 ten to twelve-year-old children from 27 schools. The participants were categorized according to main mode of commuting to school in the three different school seasons (fall, winter and spring) and for the full school year if more than 50% of all trips were conducted by one specific mode. RESULTS: Most pupils (75%) were categorized as active commuters for the full school year. However, large seasonal varianc…
Failure Estimates for SiC Power MOSFETs in Space Electronics
2018
Silicon carbide (SiC) power metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are space-ready in terms of typical reliability measures. However, single event burnout (SEB) due to heavy-ion irradiation often occurs at voltages 50% or lower than specified breakdown. Failure rates in space are estimated for burnout of 1200 V devices based on the experimental data for burnout and the expected heavy-ion linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum in space. peerReviewed
Road Traffic Pollution and Childhood Leukemia: A Nationwide Case-control Study in Italy
2016
Background The association of childhood leukemia with traffic pollution was considered in a number of studies from 1989 onwards, with results not entirely consistent and little information regarding subtypes. Aim of the study We used the data of the Italian SETIL case-control on childhood leukemia to explore the risk by leukemia subtypes associated to exposure to vehicular traffic. Methods We included in the analyses 648 cases of childhood leukemia (565 Acute lymphoblastic–ALL and 80 Acute non lymphoblastic-AnLL) and 980 controls. Information on traffic exposure was collected from questionnaire interviews and from the geocoding of house addresses, for all periods of life of the children. Re…
The Seasonality Impact of the BTEX Pollution on the Atmosphere of Arad City, Romania
2021
Benzene, toluene, and total BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) concentrations registered for one year (2016) have been determined every month for one high-density traffic area. The assessment was performed in Arad City, Romania, to evaluate these pollutants and their influence on the inhabitants’ health. The contaminants were sampled using a static sampling method and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Benzene was the most dominant among the BTEX compounds—the average concentrations ranged from 18.00 ± 1.32 µg m−3 in December to 2.47 ± 0.74 µg m−3 in August. The average toluene concentration over the year was 4.36 ± 2.42 µg m−3 (with a maximum of 9…
STUDIO DI UNA FRIZIONE MAGNETOREOLOGICA PER AUTOVEICOLI
2013
Dopo un’accurata ricerca bibliografica sui fluidi magnetoreologici, il loro comportamento ed impiego, si è passati alla progettazione di una frizione magnetoreologica per autoveicoli. Considerando le caratteristiche di coppia trasmessa e potenza, il dispositivo è stato dimensionato tenendo presente i vincoli di ingombro del veicolo preso in esame. Sottoponendo il dispositivo ad analisi magnetostatica agli elementi finiti, si è determinato l’andamento delle linee di flusso del campo magnetico nel meato di fluido e nelle zone di maggior interesse, calcolando la coppia teoricamente trasmessa dall’innesto.È stato anche eseguito il confronto delle prestazionifra una frizione MR ed una frizione t…
Psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting for university students.
2009
Abstract Objective To examine psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting to university (ACU) and explore its association with overall physical activity among college students. Methods The sample included 518 students (mean 22.4 years; 59.7% female) from two universities in Valencia, Spain. Weekly estimations of energy expenditure from ACU and total physical activity were obtained. Socio-economic status, self-efficacy, barriers to active transport, access to car and motorbike, access to public transport, walking and cycling facilities and distance to university were assessed. Data were collected April and May of 2009, using a self-administered survey. A structural equation…
Risk exposure to vibration and noise in the use of agricultural track-laying tractors.
2016
Human exposure to mechanical vibration may represent a significant risk factor for exposed workers in the agricultural sector. Also, noise in agriculture is one of the risk factors to be taken into account in the evaluation of workers’ health and safety. One of the major sources of discomfort for the workers operating a tractors is the noise to which they are exposed during work. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of exposure to whole-body vibration for the operator driving track-laying tractors in vineyard orchard and the noise level. The experimental tests were performed with six different track-laying tractors coupled with the same rototilling machine. The results showed that…
Acceptance of truck platooning by professional drivers on German highways. A mixed methods approach.
2020
Abstract Truck platoon driving is a current branch of automated driving, which has the potential to radically change the work routine of professional drivers. In a platoon system, one truck (semi-)automatically follows a lead truck with a reduced distance, which produces significant savings in fuel and enables better traffic flow. In a current application of truck platoon driving, the following vehicle operates at level-2 automation. Thus, the driver of the following truck merely has to supervise the semi-automated system, which takes over steering and speed control when engaged. Level-2 truck platoon driving had not been tested with professional drivers in real traffic before. We hypothesi…
Increase in rear-end collision risk by acute stress-induced fatigue in on-road truck driving.
2021
Increasing road crashes related to occupational drivers’ deteriorating health has become a social problem. To prevent road crashes, warnings and predictions of increased crash risk based on drivers’ conditions are important. However, in on-road driving, the relationship between drivers’ physiological condition and crash risk remains unclear due to difficulties in the simultaneous measurement of both. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between drivers’ physiological condition assessed by autonomic nerve function (ANF) and an indicator of rear-end collision risk in on-road driving. Data from 20 male truck drivers (mean ± SD, 49.0±8.2 years; range, 35–63 years) were analyzed. Over …