Search results for "natural science"

showing 10 items of 34579 documents

Superconducting size effect in thin films under electric field: Mean-field self-consistent model

2019

We consider effects of an externally applied electrostatic field on superconductivity, self-consistently within a BCS mean field model, for a clean 3D metal thin film. The electrostatic change in superconducting condensation energy scales as $\mu^{-1}$ close to subband edges as a function of the Fermi energy $\mu$, and follows 3D scaling $\mu^{-2}$ away from them. We discuss nonlinearities beyond gate effect, and contrast results to recent experiments.

---Josephson effectsuprajohtavuusFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)superconducting phase transitionElectric fieldCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesThin film010306 general physicsScalingCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesSuperconductivityPhysicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFermi energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMean field theorythin filmsmesoscopicsohutkalvot0210 nano-technologyEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review B
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Aggregation of [Ln(12)(III)] clusters by the dianion of 3-formylsalicylic acid. Synthesis, crystal structures, magnetic and luminescence properties

2019

Three isostrucutral dodecanuclear clusters with the general formula [Ln(12)(fsa)(12)(mu f(3)-OH)(12)(DMF)(12)]center dot nDMF (fsa(2-) is the dianion of 3-formylsalicylic acid; Ln = Eu 1, Gd 2, Dy 3) have been obtained from the reaction of fromylsalicyclic acid (H(2)fsa), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and Ln(NO3)(3)center dot 6H(2)O in methanol/DMF. Their structure consists of four vertex-sharing heterocubanes. Each heterocubane unit is assembled from four Ln(III) ions, three mu(3)-OH groups and one mu(3)-oxygen atom arising from the fsa(2-) carboxylato group. The photophysical properties of the europium derivative investigated at both 300 and 80 K sustain a relative intense emission obtaine…

---Materials science010405 organic chemistryTetrabutylammonium hydroxidechemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesIonInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryAtomDysprosiumMagnetic refrigerationEuropiumLuminescence
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Color Sensitive Response of Graphene/Graphene Quantum Dot Phototransistors

2019

We present the fabrication and characterization of all-carbon phototransistors made of graphene three terminal devices, coated with atomically precise graphene quantum dots (GQD). Chemically synthesized GQDs are the light absorbing materials, while the underlying chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene layer acts as the charge transporting channel. We investigated three types of GQDs with different sizes and edge structures, having distinct and characteristic optical absorption in the UV–vis range. The photoresponsivity exceeds 106 A/W for vanishingly small incident power (<10–12 W), comparing well with state of the art sensitized graphene photodetectors. More importantly, the photor…

---Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopybusiness.industryGraphenePhotodetector02 engineering and technologyChemical vapor deposition010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesGraphene quantum dot0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionResponsivityGeneral EnergyQuantum dotlawOptoelectronicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologybusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Superconductivity near a magnetic domain wall

2018

We study the equilibrium properties of a ferromagnetic insulator/superconductor structure near a magnetic domain wall. We show how the domain wall size is affected by the superconductivity in such structures. Moreover, we calculate several physical quantities altered due to the magnetic domain wall, such as the spin current density and local density of states, as well as the resulting tunneling conductance into a structure with a magnetic domain wall.

---Materials sciencesuprajohtavuusMagnetic domainFOS: Physical sciencesInsulator (electricity)02 engineering and technologymagnetic fieldsSpin currentmagneettikentätsuperconductors01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Physics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysical quantitySuperconductivityTunneling conductanceLocal density of statesta114Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Superconductivitysuperconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerromagnetism0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review B
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Non-Markovian Dynamics of a Qubit Due to Single-Photon Scattering in a Waveguide

2018

We investigate the open dynamics of a qubit due to scattering of a single photon in an infinite or semi-infinite waveguide. Through an exact solution of the time-dependent multi-photon scattering problem, we find the qubit's dynamical map. Tools of open quantum systems theory allow us then to discuss the general features of this map, find the corresponding non-Linbladian master equation, and assess in a rigorous way its non-Markovian nature. The qubit dynamics has distinctive features that, in particular, do not occur in emission processes. Two fundamental sources of non-Markovianity are present: the finite width of the photon wavepacket and the time delay for propagation between the qubit …

---PhotonWave packetGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesWaveguide QED; open quantum systems; non-Markovianity; quantum optics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMaster equationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Waveguide (acoustics)quantum optics010306 general physicsQuantumPhysicsQuantum opticsopen quantum systemQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsScatteringnon-MarkovianityQubitWaveguide QEDQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Quantum-state transfer in staggered coupled-cavity arrays

2015

We consider a coupled-cavity array, where each cavity interacts with an atom under the rotating-wave approximation. For a staggered pattern of inter-cavity couplings, a pair of field normal modes each bi-localized at the two array ends arise. A rich structure of dynamical regimes can hence be addressed depending on which resonance condition between the atom and field modes is set. We show that this can be harnessed to carry out high-fidelity quantum-state transfer (QST) of photonic, atomic or polaritonic states. Moreover, by partitioning the array into coupled modules of smaller length, the QST time can be substantially shortened without significantly affecting the fidelity.

---PhysicsQuantum PhysicsField (physics)business.industryFOS: Physical sciencesResonanceNanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physics010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum state transfer coupled-cavity arraysNormal mode0103 physical sciencesAtomQuantum state transferPhotonicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsbusinessPhysical Review A
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Atom-field dressed states in slow-light waveguide QED

2015

We discuss the properties of atom-photon bound states in waveguide QED systems consisting of single or multiple atoms coupled strongly to a finite-bandwidth photonic channel. Such bound states are formed by an atom and a localized photonic excitation and represent the continuum analog of the familiar dressed states in single-mode cavity QED. Here we present a detailed analysis of the linear and nonlinear spectral features associated with single- and multi-photon dressed states and show how the formation of bound states affects the waveguide-mediated dipole-dipole interactions between separated atoms. Our results provide a both qualitative and quantitative description of the essential strong…

---Waveguide (electromagnetism)Field (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsSlow light01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasdressed states.0103 physical sciencesAtomBound statePhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum Physicsbusiness.industryWaveguide QEDatom-photon bound statePhotonicsAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)businesscoupled-cavity arrayExcitationMicrowaveWaveguide QED; coupled-cavity arrays; atom-photon bound states; dressed states.
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Coexistence of superconductivity and spin-splitting fields in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator bilayers of arbitrary thickness

2021

Ferromagnetic insulators (FI) can induce a strong exchange field in an adjacent superconductor (S) via the magnetic proximity effect. This manifests as spin splitting of the BCS density of states of the superconductor, an important ingredient for numerous superconducting spintronics applications and the realization of Majorana fermions. A crucial parameter that determines the magnitude of the induced spin splitting in FI/S bilayers is the thickness of the S layer d: In very thin samples, the superconductivity is suppressed by the strong magnetism. By contrast, in very thick samples, the spin splitting is absent at distances away from the interface. In this work, we calculate the density of …

---suprajohtavuusnanoelektroniikkaCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityEuropean researchOdd Triplet SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesequation02 engineering and technologyPublic administration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences3. Good healthsuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Spin splittingPolitical scienceCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencestransport010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyEuS
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Spin filtering by proximity effects at hybridized interfaces in spin-valves with 2D graphene barriers

2020

We report on spin transport in state-of-the-art epitaxial monolayer graphene based 2D-magnetic tunnel junctions (2D-MTJs). In our measurements, supported by ab-initio calculations, the strength of interaction between ferromagnetic electrodes and graphene monolayers is shown to fundamentally control the resulting spin signal. In particular, by switching the graphene/ferromagnet interaction, spin transport reveals magneto-resistance signal MR > 80% in junctions with low resistance × area products. Descriptions based only on a simple K-point filtering picture (i.e. MR increase with the number of layers) are not sufficient to predict the behavior of our devices. We emphasize that hybridization …

/120Materials scienceScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyGenetics and Molecular Biology02 engineering and technologyMaterials science Nanoscience and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSignalArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionEngineeringNanoscience and technologylawMonolayerProximity effect (superconductivity)/128/639/925[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]lcsh:ScienceSpin-½[PHYS]Physics [physics]/639/166/639/301MultidisciplinarySpintronicsCondensed matter physicsNanotecnologiaGraphenePhysicsQ/639/766General ChemistryCiència dels materials5104 Condensed Matter Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMaterials science0104 chemical sciencesFerromagnetismGeneral BiochemistryDensity of stateslcsh:QCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons/1190210 nano-technology51 Physical SciencesNature Communications
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The influence of decision-making in tree ring-based climate reconstructions.

2021

Tree-ring chronologies underpin the majority of annually-resolved reconstructions of Common Era climate. However, they are derived using different datasets and techniques, the ramifications of which have hitherto been little explored. Here, we report the results of a double-blind experiment that yielded 15 Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions from a common network of regional tree-ring width datasets. Taken together as an ensemble, the Common Era reconstruction mean correlates with instrumental temperatures from 1794–2016 CE at 0.79 (p < 0.001), reveals summer cooling in the years following large volcanic eruptions, and exhibits strong warming since the 1980s. Differing in…

/141/704/106/694010506 paleontology010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyClimate changePalaeoclimate01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPaleoclimatologySDG 13 - Climate ActionDendrochronologyddc:550Climate change[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment0105 earth and related environmental sciencesResearch dataddc:333.7-333.913 Climate ActionClimate change; Palaeoclimate; Research dataGEMultidisciplinaryQNorthern HemisphereDASGeneral ChemistryResearch data/706/648/697Geography13. Climate actionClimatology/704/106/413GE Environmental Sciences
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