Search results for "nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"
showing 10 items of 139 documents
NR1H4 rs35724 G>C variant modulates liver damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
2021
Background and Aims: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a key role in bile acid and lipid homeostasis. Experimental evidence suggests that it can modulate liver damage related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We examined the impact of the NR1H4 rs35724 G>C, encoding for FXR, on liver damage in a large cohort of patients at risk of steatohepatitis. Methods: We considered 2,660 consecutive individuals at risk of steatohepatitis with liver histology. The rs35724 G>C polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan assays. Gene expression was evaluated by RNASeq in a subset of patients (n = 124). Results: The NR1H4 rs35724 CC genotype, after adjusting for clinic-metabolic and genetic conf…
The Role of Transient Elastography in NAFLD
2021
On the ground of its rising prevalence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is nowadays the most relevant liver disease worldwide, affecting about 25% of the general population [1].
Probiotics as a Dietary Intervention for Reducing the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2019
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an increase in triglyceride fat content of liver cells without excessive consumption of alcohol. It is the most predominant liver disease among different age groups including children and adults. Unhealthy foods such as high fructose and high trans-fatty acids in saturated fat seem to be associated with the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Different clusters of gut microbiota, e.g., Firmicutes, could regulate the energy balance and fat storage. Furthermore, different metabolites of gut microbiota, for example, endogenous short chain fatty acids and ethanol, are associated with increased levels of lipogenesis. Additionally, metabolism of end…
Effect of Mastiha supplementation on NAFLD: The MAST4HEALTH Randomised, Controlled Trial
2021
On behalf of MAST4HEALTH consortium: et al.
Lean NAFLD: A Distinct Entity Shaped by Differential Metabolic Adaptation
2020
Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects a quarter of the adult population. A significant subset of patients are lean, but their underlying pathophysiology is not well understood. Approach and Results: We investigated the role of bile acids (BAs) and the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of lean NAFLD. BA and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 19 levels (a surrogate for intestinal farnesoid X receptor [FXR] activity), patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) variants, and gut microbiota profiles in lean and nonlean NAFLD were investigated in a cohort of Caucasian patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD (n …
Modulation of the gut microbiota impacts nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A potential role for bile acids
2017
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, yet the pathogenesis of NAFLD is only partially understood. Here, we investigated the role of the gut bacteria in NAFLD by stimulating the gut bacteria via feeding mice the fermentable dietary fiber, guar gum (GG), and suppressing the gut bacteria via chronic oral administration of antibiotics. GG feeding profoundly altered the gut microbiota composition, in parallel with reduced diet-induced obesity and improved glucose tolerance. Strikingly, despite reducing adipose tissue mass and inflammation, GG enhanced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, concurrent with markedly elevated plasma and hepatic bile acid l…
Telomerase reverse transcriptase germline mutations and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
2017
Abstract In an increasing proportion of cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) are associated with familial liver diseases. The aim of this study was to examine telomere length and germline hTERT mutations as associated with NAFLD‐HCC. In 40 patients with NAFLD‐HCC, 45 with NAFLD‐cirrhosis and 64 healthy controls, peripheral blood telomere length was evaluated by qRT‐PCR and hTERT coding regions and intron–exon boundaries sequenced. We further analyzed 78 patients affected by primary liver cancer (NAFLD‐PLC, 76 with HCC). Enrichment of rare coding mutations (allelic frequ…
Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a 3.0-T MR study.
2012
International audience; PURPOSE: To compare pure molecular diffusion, D, perfusion-related diffusion, D*, and perfusion fraction, f, determined from diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on the basis of the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) theory in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without liver steatosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was approved by the appropriate ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Between December 2009 and September 2011, 108 patients with type 2 diabetes (51 men, 57 women; mean age, 50 years) underwent 3.0-T single-voxel point-resolved proton MR spectroscopy of the liver (segment VII…
Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of total flavonoids of Qu Zhi Ke (peel of Citrus changshan-huyou) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease…
2019
Abstract Background Citrus flavonoids, consisting of naringin, narirutin, neohesperidine, etc., have therapeutic activities for the treatment of lipometabolic disorders. The peel of Citrus changshan-huyou (Qu Zhi Ke, QZK) is a new source of flavonoids, but attracted little attention so far. Hypothesis QZK should possess therapeutic effects against lipometabolic disorders due to the flavonoids it contains. Study design In this study, we extracted and purified the flavonoids of QZK (TFCH) and established an obesity-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model of rats. TFCH was given orally for 8 weeks, and its anti-NAFLD effects and potential mechanism were evaluated. Methods The f…
Silibinin improves hepatic and myocardial injury in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
2012
Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic metabolic disorder with significant impact on cardiovascular and liver mortality. Aims In this study, we examined the effects of silibinin on liver and myocardium injury in an experimental model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods A four-week daily dose of silibinin (20 mg/kg i.p.) was administrated to db/db mice fed a methionine–choline deficient diet. Hepatic and myocardial histology, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Results Silibinin administration decreased HOMA-IR, serum ALT and markedly improved hepatic and myocardial damage. Silibinin reduced isoprostanes, 8-deoxyguanosine and nitrit…