Search results for "nosocomial"

Epidemiology and molecular investigation of hepatitis C infection following holiday haemodialysis

2012

Background: Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is not infrequent among haemodialysis patients. Most published reports suggest that patient-to-patient spread, either directly or indirectly, is the most common mode of transmission in renal units. Aim: To investigate the source of an outbreak, and the route of transmission, of acute HCV infection in two Scottish patients occurring within eight weeks of receiving haemodialysis in the same unit while on holiday in Majorca. Methods: This was an international epidemiological and molecular investigation of HCV infection among a cohort of haemodialysis patients from nine countries. Findings: No further HCV-positive infections were observed among resi…

International Multicentre Study of Candida auris Infections

2021

Background:Candida auris has emerged globally as a multi-drug resistant yeast and is commonly associated with nosocomial outbreaks in ICUs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational multicentre study to determine the epidemiology of C. auris infections, its management strategies, patient outcomes, and infection prevention and control practices across 10 centres from five countries. Results: Significant risk factors for C. auris infection include the age group of 61–70 years (39%), recent history of ICU admission (63%), diabetes (63%), renal failure (52%), presence of CVC (91%) and previous history of antibiotic treatment (96%). C. auris was commonly isolated from blood (76%). Echi…

Molecular characterization of Italian Candida parapsilosis isolates reveals the cryptic presence of the newly described species Candida orthopsilosis…

2012

The authors report the molecular characterization of Candida parapsilosis isolates recovered from the blood and venous central catheter tips of patients admitted to different care units of the Polyclinic Hospital, University of Messina, Italy. Among 97 presumed C. parapsilosis isolates examined, 94 were identified as C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and the remaining 3 isolates were found to belong to the cryptic species Candida orthopsilosis which was recovered only from blood cultures of neonates (<30 days old) born prematurely. No C. metapsilosis was found in this study. This study emphasizes the role of C. parapsilosis as an important nosocomial pathogen, and it also describes, for the fir…

Is there a widespread clone of Serratia marcescens producing outbreaks worldwide?

2021

[Background]: Serratia marcescens frequently causes outbreaks in healthcare settings. There are few studies using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) that analyse S. marcescens outbreaks. We present the analysis of two outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in hospitals from the Comunitat Valenciana (CV, Spain) and the impact of using different reference genomes.

Consensus document on controversial issues for the treatment of hospital-associated pneumonia

2010

Background: Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in antimicrobial therapy. Many aspects of the treatment of HAP caused by multi-resistant Gram-positive microorganisms have been extensively studied, but controversial issues remain. Controversial issues: The aim of this GISIG (Gruppo Italiano di Studio sulle Infezioni Gravi) working group – a panel of multidisciplinary experts – was to define recommendations for some controversial issues using an evidence-based and analytical approach. The controversial issues were: (1) Is combination antibiotic therapy or monotherapy more effective in the treatment of HAP? (2) What role do…

Verifying a medical protocol with temporal graphs: the case of a nosocomial disease.

2014

Abstract Objective Our contribution focuses on the implementation of a formal verification approach for medical protocols with graphical temporal reasoning paths to facilitate the understanding of verification steps. Materials and methods Formal medical guideline specifications and background knowledge are represented through conceptual graphs, and reasoning is based on graph homomorphism. These materials explain the underlying principles or rationale that guide the functioning of verifications. Results An illustration of this proposal is made using a medical protocol defining guidelines for the monitoring and prevention of nosocomial infections. Such infections, which are acquired in the h…

Clinical Experience with Ceftazidime-Avibactam for the Treatment of Infections due to Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Other than Carbapene…

2020

Background: Experience in real clinical practice with ceftazidime-avibactam for the treatment of serious infections due to gram&minus

Le infezioni nosocomiali

2014

PREVENTION OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS AND SURVEILLANCE OF EMERGING RESISTANCES IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU): A SIX-YEAR PROSPECTIVE COHORT …

2016

NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS, EMERGING RESISTANCES SURVEILLANCE, NICU

Clinical risk management delle infezioni nosocomiali: profili di responsabilità

2013

L’oggetto del rapporto obbligatorio tra paziente e struttura sanitaria rientra nella complessa prestazione di assistenza sanitaria. Il rapporto, nonché la responsabilità, tra ospedale e paziente, è di natura contrattuale e ad esso si fa riferimento sia in caso di inadempimento delle obbligazioni direttamente a carico della struttura (ex art. 1218 c.c.), sia in caso Di inadempimento delle prestazioni medico-professionale del sanitario (ex art. 1228 c.c.). Un’obbligazione importante a cui risponde la struttura ospedaliera è quella di garantire l’utilizzo di locali idonei sotto il profilo igienico, in quanto essa è l’ente responsabile delle infezioni nosocomiali dovute ad agenti patogeni event…