Search results for "oftware"

showing 10 items of 7396 documents

A morphometric study on sural nerves in metachromatic leucodystrophy.

1987

This study reexamines peripheral neuropathy in infantile, juvenile and adult metachromatic leuco-dystrophy. A computer-assisted method was used which gives more detailed information on abnormal fibre structure from scatter diagrams of the g ratio (axon diameter/fibre diameter). The data show marked and statistically significant reductions in sheath thickness, particularly for the thick myelinated fibres, and most severe in the juvenile and adult forms. This is interpreted as evidence of remodelling of virtually the entire fibre population, without a clear-cut selectivity for either thin or thick fibres.

AdultAdolescentPopulationSural nerveNerve Fibers Myelinated03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSural NerveMedicineJuvenileHumansAxoneducationMyelin Sheath030304 developmental biologyMetachromatic leucodystrophy0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryInfantAnatomyLeukodystrophy Metachromaticmedicine.diseaseAxonsMetachromatic leukodystrophyMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structurePeripheral neuropathySpinal NervesMyelin sheathNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareBrain : a journal of neurology
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Preoperative simulation of postoperative iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens position and simulation of aging using high-resolution Scheimpflug imag…

2006

To increase postoperative safety after implantation of iris-fixated phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs), optimal preoperative evaluation and patient selection is mandatory. We present a new software tool in a high-resolution Scheimpflug imaging device that precisely simulates the postoperative position of an iris-fixated pIOL and also simulates the effect of aging on the pIOL's position.

AdultAgingmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentSoftware toolScheimpflug principleIrisHigh resolutionIntraocular lensPhakic intraocular lensPreoperative careImaging Three-DimensionalLens Implantation IntraocularAnterior Eye SegmentOphthalmologyLens CrystallinePreoperative CaremedicineHumansComputer SimulationPostoperative PeriodIris (anatomy)Lens crystallinebusiness.industryeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleSurgerysense organsbusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Dosage individualization of erythropoietin using a profile-dependent support vector regression

2003

The external administration of recombinant human erythropoietin is the chosen treatment for those patients with secondary anemia due to chronic renal failure in periodic hemodialysis. The objective of this paper is to carry out an individualized prediction of the EPO dosage to be administered to those patients. The high cost of this medication, its side-effects and the phenomenon of potential resistance which some individuals suffer all justify the need for a model which is capable of optimizing dosage individualization. A group of 110 patients and several patient factors were used to develop the models. The support vector regressor (SVR) is benchmarked with the classical multilayer percept…

AdultAnemia HemolyticInjections SubcutaneousAutoregressive conditional heteroskedasticityBiomedical EngineeringMachine learningcomputer.software_genreCohort StudiesHemoglobinsRenal DialysisFeature (machine learning)HumansMedicineSensitivity (control systems)Time seriesErythropoietinAgedAged 80 and overArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryMiddle AgedRecombinant ProteinsRegressionDrug Therapy Computer-AssistedRegression PsychologySupport vector machineTreatment OutcomeMultilayer perceptronKidney Failure ChronicNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBiomedical engineeringIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
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Legibility of Text and Pictograms in Variable Message Signs: Can Single-Word Messages Outperform Pictograms?

2018

The current research shows the advantage of single-word messages in the particular case of variable message signs (VMSs) with a high aspect ratio.Early studies on traffic sign design proposed that pictorial information would advantage equivalent text messages in static signs.We used a driving simulator to present individually 36 VMSs, showing six words (e.g., "congestion") and six danger signs (e.g., congestion traffic sign). In Experiment 1, 18 drivers read aloud the text or orally identified the pictograms as soon as they could correctly do it. In Experiment 2, a different sample of 18 drivers gave a motor response, according to the meaning of the message. We analyzed the legibility dista…

AdultAutomobile DrivingInjury controlComputer sciencePoison controlHuman Factors and Ergonomicscomputer.software_genreLegibilityPictogramText messageBehavioral Neuroscience0502 economics and businessHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050107 human factorsApplied Psychology050210 logistics & transportationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesVariable (computer science)Pattern Recognition VisualReadingSpace PerceptionArtificial intelligencebusinessTraffic signcomputerWord (computer architecture)Natural language processingPsychomotor PerformanceHuman factors
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Adaptive frequency decomposition of EEG with subsequent expert system analysis.

2001

We present a hybrid system for automatic analysis of clinical routine EEG, comprising a spectral analysis and an expert system. EEG raw data are transformed into the time-frequency domain by the so-called adaptive frequency decomposition. The resulting frequency components are converted into pseudo-linguistic facts via fuzzification. Finally, an expert system applies symbolic rules formulated by the neurologist to evaluate the extracted EEG features. The system detects artefacts, describes alpha rhythm by frequency, amplitude, and stability and after artefact rejection detects pathologic slow activity. All results are displayed as linguistic terms, numerical values and maps of temporal exte…

AdultBiometryAdolescentComputer scienceFuzzy setStability (learning theory)Health InformaticsExpert SystemsElectroencephalographycomputer.software_genreFuzzy logicFuzzy LogicmedicineHumansSensitivity (control systems)Diagnosis Computer-AssistedTheta RhythmAgedAged 80 and overSignal processingBrain Diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyMiddle AgedExpert systemComputer Science ApplicationsAlpha RhythmDelta RhythmHybrid systemArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmComputers in biology and medicine
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Magnetic resonance chondro-crassometry (MR CCM): a method for accurate determination of articular cartilage thickness?

1996

A method for the assessment of articular cartilage thickness based on MRI is presented and its accuracy and reproducibility tested. Six specimens of human patellae were imaged, using a fat-suppressed FLASH 3D sequence, and sectioned with a high-precision band saw. The regional distribution of articular cartilage thickness was determined from the MR images and from the anatomical sections (intervals of 0.5 mm). With image analysis 50-90% of the image points were found to lie within exactly the same thickness interval in corresponding patterns, and less than 17% deviated more than 0.5 mm. More than 85% of all pixels were reproducible with MRI after new positioning of the joint. No influence o…

AdultCartilage ArticularMaleMaterials scienceArticular cartilageNuclear magnetic resonanceReference ValuesmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedAged 80 and overReproducibilityMeasurement methodmedicine.diagnostic_testAnthropometryCartilageReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingCartilage thicknessMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureReference valuesFemaleMr imagesSoftwareMagnetic resonance in medicine
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Effectance and control as determinants of video game enjoyment

2007

This article explores video game enjoyment originated by games' key characteristic, interactivity. An online experiment (N = 500) tested experiences of effectance (perceived influence on the game world) and of being in control as mechanisms that link interactivity to enjoyment. A video game was manipulated to either allow normal play, reduce perceived effectance, or reduce perceived control. Enjoyment ratings suggest that effectance is an important factor in video game enjoyment but that the relationship between control of the game situation and enjoyment is more complex. © 2007 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

AdultEngineeringInjury controlAdolescentAccident preventionControl (management)HappinessPoison controlComputer securitycomputer.software_genreUser-Computer InterfaceInteractivityHumansPerceived controlVideo gameApplied PsychologyAgedbusiness.industryCommunicationComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTINGGeneral MedicineConsumer BehaviorMiddle AgedPlay and PlaythingsHuman-Computer InteractionVideo GamesbusinesscomputerSocial psychology
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A finite element-based machine learning approach for modeling the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues under compression in real-time

2017

[EN] This work presents a data-driven method to simulate, in real-time, the biomechanical behavior of the breast tissues in some image-guided interventions such as biopsies or radiotherapy dose delivery as well as to speed up multimodal registration algorithms. Ten real breasts were used for this work. Their deformation due to the displacement of two compression plates was simulated off-line using the finite element (FE) method. Three machine learning models were trained with the data from those simulations. Then, they were used to predict in real-time the deformation of the breast tissues during the compression. The models were a decision tree and two tree-based ensemble methods (extremely…

AdultFinite element methodsMean squared errorComputer scienceQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansINGENIERIA MECANICAFinite Element AnalysisPhysics::Medical PhysicsDecision treeBreast compressionHealth Informatics02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreModels Biological030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineMachine learning0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHumansBreastbusiness.industryModelingEnsemble learningFinite element methodComputer Science ApplicationsRandom forestEuclidean distanceTree (data structure)Female020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligenceBreast biomechanicsbusinesscomputerLENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS
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Dynamic image denoising for voxel-wise quantification with Statistical Parametric Mapping in molecular neuroimaging.

2018

Purpose PET and SPECT voxel kinetics are highly noised. To our knowledge, no study has determined the effect of denoising on the ability to detect differences in binding at the voxel level using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). Methods In the present study, groups of subject-images with a 10%- and 20%- difference in binding of [123I]iomazenil (IMZ) were simulated. They were denoised with Factor Analysis (FA). Parametric images of binding potential (BPND) were produced with the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) and the Logan non-invasive graphical analysis (LNIGA) and analyzed using SPM to detect group differences. FA was also applied to [123I]IMZ and [11C]flumazenil (FMZ) clinic…

AdultFlumazenilMalelcsh:MedicineNeuroimagingSingle-photon emission computed tomographycomputer.software_genreStatistical parametric mapping030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesddc:616.89Young Adult0302 clinical medicineNeuroimagingVoxelPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographymedicineHumanslcsh:ScienceMathematicsParametric statisticsTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonIomazenilMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrylcsh:RBinding potentialPattern recognitionPositron emission tomographylcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsPloS one
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Restless legs syndrome: Epidemiological and clinicogenetic study in a South Tyrolean population isolate.

2006

Genetic contributions to restless legs syndrome (RLS) have been consistently recognized from population and family studies. To determine the clinical and genetic features of RLS in a population isolate and explore linkage to three previously described susceptibility loci on chromosomes 12q, 14q, and 9p, respectively, an isolated population in the South Tyrolean Alps was identified and 530 adults participated in the study. Using a two-step strategy, 47 patients with idiopathic RLS were ascertained. The prevalence in the population was 8.9%. Twenty-eight patients (59.6%) had at least one affected first-degree relative and were classified as hereditary cases. In a single extended pedigree, lin…

AdultGenetic MarkersMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationFamily studiesLocus heterogeneityGermanyRestless Legs SyndromeSurveys and Questionnairesmental disordersEpidemiologymedicineHumansRestless legs syndromeeducationLinkage (software)Geneticseducation.field_of_studyPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryChromosome MappingReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseSurgeryPedigreeNeurologyItalyHomogeneousSusceptibility locusFemaleNeurology (clinical)business
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