Search results for "optical"

showing 10 items of 7671 documents

Composition dependence ofSi1−xGexsputter yield

2005

Sputtering yields have been measured for unstrained ${\mathrm{Si}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}$ $(x=0--1)$ alloys when bombarded with ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ ions within the linear cascade regime. Nonlinear S-shape dependence of the sputter yield as a function of the alloy composition has been revealed. The dependence is analyzed within the frameworks of the cascade theory conventionally accepted to be the most systematic to date theoretical approach in sputtering. In view of a linear composition dependence predicted for the sputter yield by the cascade theory adapted for polyatomic substrates, the nonlinearity observed in our experiments is shown to be related to the alloying effect on…

010302 applied physicsYield (engineering)Materials scienceDegree (graph theory)Polyatomic ionBinding energy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSurface energyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSputtering0103 physical sciencesAtomAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review B
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Very Long Term Stabilization of a 2D Magnet down to the Monolayer for Device Integration

2020

2D materials have recently demonstrated a strong potential for spintronic applications. This has been further reinforced by the discovery of ferromagnetic 2D layers. Nevertheless, the fragility of ...

010302 applied physics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Materials scienceSpintronicsNanotechnology02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTerm (time)FragilityFerromagnetismMagnet0103 physical sciencesMonolayerMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistry[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]0210 nano-technologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Influence of the MgO barrier thickness on the lifetime characteristics of magnetic tunnelling junctions for sensors

2016

Magnetic tunnelling junctions increasingly enter the market for magnetic sensor applications. Thus, technological parameters such as the lifetime characteristics become more and more important. Here, an analysis of the lifetime characteristics of magnetic tunnelling junctions using the Weibull statistical distribution for CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB junctions is presented. The Weibull distribution is governed by two parameters, the characteristic lifetime η of the population and the shape parameter β, which gives information about the presence of an infant mortality. The suitability of the Weibull distribution is demonstrated for the description of dielectric breakdown processes in MgO-based tunnelling…

010302 applied physicseducation.field_of_studyMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsDielectric strengthCondensed matter physicsAnnealing (metallurgy)Population02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesShape parameterSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologyeducationLow voltageQuantum tunnellingWeibull distributionVoltageJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Photoionization cross sections of the 5S1/2 and 5P3/2 states of Rb in simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of Rb and Hg

2018

We report the measurement of the photoionization cross sections of the $5{S}_{1/2}$ and $5{P}_{3/2}$ states of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ in a two-species Hg and Rb magneto-optical trap (MOT) by the cooling laser for Hg. The photoionization cross sections of Rb in the $5{S}_{1/2}$ and $5{P}_{3/2}$ states at 253.7 nm are determined to be ${1}_{\ensuremath{-}1}^{+4.3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}20}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\text{cm}}^{2}$ and $4.63(30)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}18}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\text{cm}}^{2}$, respectively. To measure the $5{S}_{1/2}$ and $5{P}_{3/2}$ state fractions in the MOT we detected the photoionization rat…

010309 opticsPhysics0103 physical sciencesPhotoionizationTrappingAtomic physics010306 general physics01 natural sciencesMagneto opticalPhysical Review A
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A solvent-directed stereoselective and electrocatalytic synthesis of diisoeugenol.

2018

A stereoselective and electrocatalytic coupling reaction of isoeugenol has been reported for the first time in a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP)/boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode system. This particular C-C bond formation and diastereoselectivity is driven by a solvate interaction between the radical species and another isoeugenol molecule. Due to an electrocatalytic cycle, only understoichiometric amounts of charge are necessary. Since electric current is directly employed as the oxidant, the reaction is metal and reagent-free. In addition, the electrolysis can be conducted in a very simple undivided beaker-type cell under constant current conditions. Therefore, the protocol is …

010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisCoupling reactionlaw.inventionMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundlawMaterials ChemistryMoleculeElectrolysis010405 organic chemistryMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolventIsoeugenolchemistryvisual_artElectrodeCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumStereoselectivityChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Determination of the chemical warfare agents Sarin, Soman and Tabun in natural waters employing fluorescent hybrid silica materials

2017

[EN] A novel mesoporous silica material containing boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moieties (I) is employed for the detection of nerve agent simulants (NASs) and the organophosphate nerve or chemical warfare agents (CWAs) Sarin (GB), Soman (GD), and Tabun (GA) in aqueous environments. The reactive BODIPY dye with an optimum positioned hydroxyl group undergoes acylation reactions with phosph(on)ate substrates, yielding a bicyclic ring. Due to aggregation of the dyes in water, the sensitivity of the free dye in solution is very low. Only after immobilization of the BODIPY moieties into the silica substrates is aggregation inhibited and a sensitive determination of the NASs diethyl cyanophosphon…

010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFluorescence detectionchemistry.chemical_compoundQUIMICA ANALITICAMaterials ChemistrymedicineOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationNerve agentTabunAqueous solutionQuenching (fluorescence)010405 organic chemistryChemistryQUIMICA INORGANICAMetals and AlloysMesoporous silicaCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDiethyl chlorophosphateNerve agent simulantsMesoporous silica materialsBODIPYmedicine.drugNuclear chemistry
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Enantioselective synthesis of 4H-pyranonaphthoquinones via sequential squaramide and silver catalysis

2015

Chemical communications 52(8), 1669-1672(2016). doi:10.1039/C5CC09592A

010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencescatalystsCatalysisCatalysisMichael additionMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryenantioselective synthesista116Hydroalkoxylation010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetals and AlloysSquaramideEnantioselective synthesisGeneral Chemistry540hydroalkoxylation0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialspyranonaphthoquinonesddc:540Ceramics and CompositesMichael reactionChemical Communications
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Gold/Isophorone Interaction Driven by Keto/Enol Tautomerization

2016

The binding behavior of isophorone (C9H14O) to Au adatoms and clusters deposited on MgO/Ag(001) thin films is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT). The STM data reveal the formation of various metal/organic complexes, ranging from Au1/isophorone pairs to larger Au aggregates with molecules bound to their perimeter. DFT calculations find the energetically preferred keto-isophorone to be unreactive toward gold, while the enol-tautomer readily binds to Au monomers and clusters. The interaction is governed by electrostatic forces between the hydroxyl group of the enol and negative excess charges residing on the ad-gold. The activation barrier b…

010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesChemical reactionlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawketo-enol tautomerismgold compoundsMoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116Isophoroneta114010405 organic chemistryKeto–enol tautomerismEnolTautomer0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsisophoroneGeneral EnergychemistryDensity functional theoryScanning tunneling microscopeJournal of Physical Chemistry C
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A concise route to MK-4482 (EIDD-2801) from cytidine.

2020

A two-step route to MK-4482 (EIDD-2801, 1) was developed consisting of an esterification and hydroxamination of cytidine. The selective acylation and direct amination eliminate the need for protecting and activating groups and proceed in overall yield of 75%, a significant advancement over the reported yield of 17%. The step count is reduced from five transformations to two, and expensive uridine is replaced with the more available cytidine.

010405 organic chemistryAcylationMetals and AlloysCytidineGeneral ChemistryCytidine010402 general chemistryHydroxylamines01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisUridine0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAcylationchemistry.chemical_compoundKineticschemistryYield (chemistry)Materials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesStep countAminationChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Nucleophilic iodonium interactions (NIIs) in 2-coordinate iodine(i) and silver(i) complexes

2021

The generality of nucleophilic iodonium interactions (NIIs) has been demonstrated by preparing a range of silver(i) and iodonium (I+) complexes and studying their 15N NMR chemical shifts, with the first example of a NII-complex involving a 2-coordinate silver(i) complex being confirmed by X-ray crystallography, and its nucleophilicity studied by DFT calculations.

010405 organic chemistryChemistryChemical shiftMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryIodine01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNucleophileComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesChemical Communications
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