Search results for "optimal"
showing 10 items of 706 documents
Does taking additional Maths classes improve university performance?
2022
Several recent studies in educational literature showed how students’ skills in maths affect their success at higher levels of education. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of taking additional maths class at high school on first-year performance of Italian university students. However, university performance and the choice of the high-school depend on several factors that make this evaluation challenging. Using information coming from three different sources, we carry out a multilevel propensity score procedure to estimate the average treatment effect between the applied sciences track and the traditional scientific one. After balancing for school- and student-level covariates…
Why Use Interactive Multi-Objective Optimization in Chemical Process Design?
2008
Problems in chemical engineering, like most real-world optimization problems, typically, have several conflicting performance criteria or objectives and they often are computationally demanding, which sets special requirements on the optimization methods used. In this chapter, we point out some shortcomings of some widely used basic methods of multi-objective optimization. As an alternative, we suggest using interactive approaches where the role of a decision maker or a designer is emphasized. Interactive multi-objective optimization has been shown to suit well for chemical process design problems because it takes the preferences of the decision maker into account in an iterative manner tha…
Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption
2023
Gender-specific caffeine-related adverse effects should be thoroughly investigated. Sixty-five adult participants were included in the study, 30 men and 35 women (age, 22.5 ± 2.8; body weight, 71.7 ± 16.2 kg; BMI, 23.6 ± 4.4). The participants who were classified as low and moderate caffeine users received 3 mg/kg, and high caffeine users received 6 mg/kg of caffeine in one dose. One hour after ingestion of caffeine and within twenty-four hours, the participants completed a side effect questionnaire. Effects after the ingestion of CAF were divided into two subgroups: negative (muscle soreness, increased urine output, tachycardia and palpitations, anxiety or nervousness,…
Optimal Volume for Concert Halls Based on Ando’s Subjective Preference and Barron Revised Theories
2014
[EN] The Ando-Beranek s model, a linear version of Ando s subjective preference theory, obtained by the authors in a recent work, was combined with Barron revised theory. An optimal volume region for each reverberation time was obtained for classical music in symphony orchestra concert halls. The obtained relation was tested with good agreement with the top rated halls reported by Beranek and other halls with reported anomalies.
Casting Robotic end-effectors to reach far objects in space and planetary missions
2006
In this paper we present work aimed at developing a compact robotic device able to reach objects at far distance.The work is based on the idea of casting manipulation, and that allows to deploy an end-effector at large distances from the robot’s base by throwing (casting) it and controlling its ballistic flightusing forces transmitted through a light tether connected to the end-effector itself.
Wax on, wax off, or whatever works for you : on the role of pre-competition emotions in elite karateka
2015
The purpose of the current study aimed to examine the performance related experiences of elite karate athletes prior to a major international competition. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between athlete and coach performance ratings. Athletes selected emotional and non-emotional words to describe their experiences related to performance. Results indicated that best performance was characterized by high intensities of helpful emotion and non-emotion descriptors, while worst performance was characterized by high intensities of harmful descriptors. Moreover, intensities of emotions and non-emotions during actual good performance neared intensities recalled during best perform…
The role of social interaction during pre-performance routines : An individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) perspective
2019
The purpose of the current study was to provide an exploratory account of swimmers’ pre-performance routines prior to a successful performance and the influential role that social interaction plays during this time. Eight swimmers’ descriptions of their pre-performance routines were analyzed using an interpretive thematic analysis to identify salient storylines. Two overarching themes were identified: (a) athletes’ interactions with the social environment; and (b) connection between the social modality and other modalities of a psychobiosocial state. The authors conclude by promoting a move towards more contextualized understandings of pre-performance routines and an acknowledgement of the …
Special Functions for the Study of Economic Dynamics: The Case of the Lucas-Uzawa Model
2004
The special functions are intensively used in mathematical physics to solve differential systems. We argue that they should be most useful in economic dynamics, notably in the assessment of the transition dynamics of endogenous growth models. We illustrate our argument on the Lucas-Uzawa model, which we solve by the means of Gaussian hypergeometric functions. We show how the use of Gaussian hypergeometric functions allows for an explicit representation of the equilibrium dynamics of the variables in level. In contrast to the preexisting approaches, our method is global and does not rely on dimension reduction.
Optimal control of the Schrödinger equation with two or three levels
2007
In this paper, we present how techniques of “control theory”, “sub-Riemannian geometry” and “singular Riemannian geometry” can be applied to some classical problems of quantum mechanics and yield improvements to some previous results.
Synchronous R-NSGA-II: An Extended Preference-Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Multi-Objective Optimization
2015
Classical evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms aim at finding an approx- imation of the entire set of Pareto optimal solutions. By considering the preferences of a decision maker within evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms, it is possible to focus the search only on those parts of the Pareto front that satisfy his/her preferences. In this paper, an extended preference-based evolutionary algorithm has been proposed for solving multi-objective optimiza- tion problems. Here, concepts from an interactive synchronous NIMBUS method are borrowed and combined with the R-NSGA-II algorithm. The proposed synchronous R-NSGA-II algorithm uses preference information provid…