Search results for "optimism"

Emotional Intelligence of Undergraduate Athletes: The Role of Sports Experience.

2021

Sport is an emotional experience. Studies have shown that high emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with better sports performance, though different aspects of sports experience and their relationship with EI are still unclear. This study examined the possible relationships between sports experience and EI dimensions of undergraduate athletes. Likewise, according to the differences described in the literature between men and women, the secondary aim was to identify the possible relationship between EI and sports experience in both subgroups. A total of 1784 [712 men (39.9%), 1072 women (60.1%); mean age = 21.3 years, SD = 4.2)] undergraduate athletes completed the Trait Meta Mood Scale…

Influence of Psychological Factors in Federated Futsal and Lifeguard Athletes, Differences by Gender and Category

2021

This research aims to analyse the differences in optimism, resilience, engagement and competitive anxiety as a function of the sport modality practiced in lifeguarding (individual sport) and futsal (team sport); the sport category by age (cadet or youth) and gender. The LOT-R optimism questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and the Competitive Anxiety Scale (SAS-2) were applied to a sample of 189 participants (139 men and 50 womwn) aged between 14 and 17 years. The following statistical tests are performed: Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's linear correlation, Student's t-test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene's test and multivaria…

Is the long-run underperformance of seasoned equity issues irrational? Evidence from Spain

2007

Abstract We investigate if the long-run underperformance in the year after the issue of a sample of Spanish SEO firms is related to behavioural biases that lead investors to slowly adjust their pre-issue overoptimism. We also examine the existence of arbitrage costs that preclude mispricing from being corrected rapidly by sophisticated investors who act as arbitrageurs. Our findings support the contention that small SEO firms are overpriced at the time of the issue and suggest that their post-underperformance is related to arbitrage costs, where transaction costs play an important role although holding costs do not.

Estudio sobre las relaciones entre los Cinco Grandes, optimismo, inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento y el ajuste emocional y éxito académico del a…

2021

La existencia de múltiples cambios y demandas asociadas a la adolescencia han determinado su concepción como un período vital en el que la persona es altamente vulnerable al padecimiento de estrés y al desarrollo de conductas de riesgo o trastornos mentales (Steinberg y Morris, 2001; Sturman y Moghaddam, 2011). Asimismo, existe una importante asociación entre la salud mental del adolescente y su rendimiento académico (Brännlund, Strandh y Nilsson, 2017). Actualmente, las cifras alertan tanto de un incremento significativo en la prevalencia de desórdenes mentales entre adolescentes como de un descenso en su rendimiento académico (OMS, 2020; Torres Menárguez y Silió, 2019). En este contexto, …

How Do Judgmental Overconfidence and Overoptimism Shape Innovative Activity?

2021

Recent field evidence suggests a positive link between overconfidence and innovative activities. In this paper we argue that the connection between overconfidence and innovation is more complex than the previous literature suggests. In particular, we show theoretically and experimentally that different forms of overconfidence may have opposing effects on innovative activity. While overoptimism is positively associated with innovation, judgmental overconfidence is negatively linked to innovation. Our results indicate that future research is well advised to take into account that the relationship between innovation and overconfidence may crucially depend on what type of overconfidence is most…

Il "Candide" da Voltaire e Bernstein

2015

Il saggio ricostruisce la genesi del "Candide" di Leonard Bernstein, e la storia delle sue tante stesure e riprese: dal primo progetto teatrale del 1953-54 sino cosiddetta "Scottish Opera Version, curata da John Mauceri, del 1988. Il percorso drammaturgico dello spettacolo viene messo a confronto con le narrazioni del romanzo di Voltaire e nella seconda parte del saggio vengono affrontati anche gli aspetti musicali e compositivi dell'opera.

“Can do!” Teacher Promotion of Optimism in Response to Student Failure Expectation Expressions in Classroom Discourse

2019

This study offers detailed observational analyses of how teachers use optimism as an instructional resource when responding to students’ failure expectation displays in classroom situations. The results were based on video-recordings of 25 lessons in two Finnish part-time special education settings, analysed by means of applied conversation analysis. The results showed that the teachers boosted optimism by inverting students’ negative utterances, giving examples of successful experiences of peers, offering praise for students’ earlier performance or focusing on problems through instructional support. The study underlines the importance of addressing and elaborating students’ negative learni…

Desarrollo Directivo en la toma de decisiones estratégicas y cambio estratégico: el Capital Psicológico como variable facilitadora

2019

Con esta Tesis doctoral pretendemos contribuir al desarrollo directivo desde la toma de decisiones estratégicas y el cambio estratégico en las organizaciones, profundizando en como el capital psicológico del equipo directivo y su desarrollo se convierten en una variable facilitadora de este proceso crítico hoy en las empresas y en sus equipos directivos. En entornos hostiles como los actuales, las resistencias al cambio e inercias en la organización y en las decisiones, hacen de la renovación estratégica un proceso realmente complejo. A lo largo de la investigación de la presente Tesis estamos analizando cómo afecta el Capital Psicológico de los directivos de las empresas a sus procesos dec…

Adaptation and Measurement Invariance by Gender of the Flourishing Scale in a Colombian Sample

2021

There is increasing interest in the study of flourishing as an indicator of subjective wellbeing. The objective herein was to adapt and study the psychometric properties of Diener’s Flourishing Scale (FS) among the Colombian population. Accordingly, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probability sample of 1255 Colombian adults. The scale’s structure, invariance by gender, and convergent and concurrent validity were studied from a confirmatory perspective using structural equation models. The confirmatory factor analysis showed excellent fit indicators for the one-dimensional structure (CFI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.039, SRMR = 0.020) as well as for the convergent (CFI = 0.909, RMSEA …

2018

Smith and colleagues developed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) to assess the individual ability to recover from stress despite significant adversity. This study aimed to validate the German version of the BRS. We used data from a population-based (sample 1: n = 1.481) and a representative (sample 2: n = 1.128) sample of participants from the German general population (age ≥ 18) to assess reliability and validity. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted to compare one- and two-factorial models from previous studies with a method-factor model which especially accounts for the wording of the items. Reliability was analyzed. Convergent validity was measured by correlating BRS scores …