Search results for "pattern"

showing 10 items of 4203 documents

Moir\'e-enabled topological superconductivity

2020

The search for artificial topological superconductivity has been limited by the stringent conditions required for its emergence. As exemplified by the recent discoveries of various correlated electronic states in twisted van der Waals materials, moir\'e patterns can act as a powerful knob to create artificial electronic structures. Here, we demonstrate that a moir\'e pattern between a van der Waals superconductor and a monolayer ferromagnet creates a periodic potential modulation that enables the realization of a topological superconducting state that would not be accessible in the absence of the moir\'e. The magnetic moir\'e pattern gives rise to Yu-Shiba-Rusinov minibands and periodic mod…

LettersuprajohtavuusCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMechanical EngineeringCondensed Matter - Superconductivitytopological superconductorBioengineering02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics2D ferromagnet01 natural sciencessuprajohteetnanorakenteetCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesscanning tunneling microscopyGeneral Materials Science010306 general physics0210 nano-technologymoiré pattern
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A LiDAR Prototype with Silicon Photomultiplier and MEMS Mirrors

2018

In this paper, we present a low cost prototype of a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) LiDAR system, employing a SiPM as photo detector and MEMS mirrors in order to steer the nanosecond pulsed optical beam with a scanning angle of +/-6°. Preliminary TOF measurements have been performed both indoor and outdoor to test the limits of the system.

LiDARMaterials scienceSiPMInstrumentationOptical beamComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyPhotodetectorSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOpticsSilicon photomultiplierArtificial IntelligenceSilicon PhotomultiplierInstrumentationMicroelectromechanical systemsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryTOFComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionNanosecondMEMSComputer Networks and CommunicationLidarbusinessLiDAR TOF SiPM Silicon Photomultiplier MEMS2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)
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Voluntary distance running prevents TNF-mediated liver injury in mice through alterations of the intrahepatic immune milieu

2017

AbstractPhysical activity confers a broad spectrum of health benefits. Beyond the obvious role in metabolically driven diseases, the role of physical activity in acute liver injury is poorly explored. To study the role of physical activity in acute liver injury, a novel model of voluntary distance running in mice was developed and mice were subjected to acute liver injury induced by N-galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Analyses included histological stains, immunoblotting, qRT-PCR and FACS analysis. Voluntary distance running increased to an average of 10.3 km/day after a learning curve. Running lead to a decrease in the absolute numbers of intrahepatic CD4+ T and B lymphocy…

Lifestyle modification0301 basic medicineLipopolysaccharidesMaleCancer ResearchChemokineApoptosisGalactosamineLiver Function TestsAlarminsLiver injurybiologymedicine.diagnostic_testChemotaxisNF-kappa Bmedicine.anatomical_structureLiverReceptors Pattern RecognitionModels AnimalCytokinesTumor necrosis factor alphaOriginal Articlemedicine.symptomChemokinesInflammation Mediatorsmedicine.medical_specialtyImmunologyInflammationCCL2Proinflammatory cytokine03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicinePhysical Conditioning AnimalmedicineAnimalsLiver diseasesInflammationbusiness.industryTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaMonocyteBody WeightJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesCell BiologyLiver Failure Acutemedicine.diseaseEnzyme ActivationMice Inbred C57BL030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyImmunologybiology.proteinLiver function testsbusinessCell Death & Disease
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Analysis of the human a-wave ERG component

2006

The a-wave is one of the main issues of research in the field of ocular electrophysiology, since it is strictly connected with early photoreceptoral activities. The present study proposes mathematical methods that analyse this component in human subjects, and supports experimental evidence relating to possible correlations among the responses of photoreceptoral units under a light stimulus. The investigation is organized in two parts: the first part concerns the onset and the initial slope, up to the first minimum (about 10-15 ms), the second part deals with the main portion of the wave, up to about 30 ms. In both cases, the a-waves, recorded at various levels of luminance, have been fitted…

LightPhysiologyBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsStimulus (physiology)Radiation DosageModels BiologicalLuminanceRetinaNight blindness RetinaPhysiology (medical)ElectroretinographyHumansComputer SimulationPhotoreceptor CellsDiagnosis Computer-AssistedMathematicsDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryStochastic processPattern recognitionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Artificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsPhotic StimulationPhysiological Measurement
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Dynamic laser speckle analyzed considering inhomogeneities in the biological sample

2017

Dynamic laser speckle phenomenon allows a contactless and nondestructive way to monitor biological changes that are quantified by second-order statistics applied in the images in time using a secondary matrix known as time history of the speckle pattern (THSP). To avoid being time consuming, the traditional way to build the THSP restricts the data to a line or column. Our hypothesis is that the spatial restriction of the information could compromise the results, particularly when undesirable and unexpected optical inhomogeneities occur, such as in cell culture media. It tested a spatial random approach to collect the points to form a THSP. Cells in a culture medium and in drying paint, repr…

LightSurface PropertiesComputer scienceGaussianNormal DistributionBiomedical EngineeringCoffeaSample (statistics)01 natural sciencesPattern Recognition Automated010309 opticsBiomaterialsMicesymbols.namesakeSpeckle patternOpticsPosition (vector)NeoplasmsElectronic speckle pattern interferometry0103 physical sciencesImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsbusiness.industryLasersQuantization (signal processing)Speckle noise04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesImage EnhancementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCulture MediaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRAW 264.7 CellsSeedsLine (geometry)Cats040103 agronomy & agriculturesymbols0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesbusinessBiological systemAlgorithmsJournal of Biomedical Optics
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Spatio-Chromatic Adaptation via Higher-Order Canonical Correlation Analysis of Natural Images

2014

Independent component and canonical correlation analysis are two general-purpose statistical methods with wide applicability. In neuroscience, independent component analysis of chromatic natural images explains the spatio-chromatic structure of primary cortical receptive fields in terms of properties of the visual environment. Canonical correlation analysis explains similarly chromatic adaptation to different illuminations. But, as we show in this paper, neither of the two methods generalizes well to explain both spatio-chromatic processing and adaptation at the same time. We propose a statistical method which combines the desirable properties of independent component and canonical correlat…

LightVisual SystemRECEPTIVE-FIELD PROPERTIESlcsh:MedicineSocial and Behavioral SciencesBioinformaticsSTRIATE CORTEXCOLOR APPEARANCEImage Processing Computer-AssistedPsychophysicsPsychologylcsh:ScienceVisual CortexMathematicsCoding MechanismsMultidisciplinarySPECTRAL DESCRIPTIONSStatisticsSensory SystemsPRIMARY VISUAL-CORTEXDATA SETSPrincipal component analysisSensory PerceptionSPATIAL STRUCTURECanonical correlationAlgorithmsColor PerceptionResearch ArticleeducationColorCHROMATIC MECHANISMS114 Physical sciencesArtificial IntelligenceComponent (UML)PsychophysicsHumansComputer SimulationChromatic scaleStatistical MethodsBiologyProbabilityComputational NeuroscienceModels StatisticalINDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSISbusiness.industrylcsh:RNeurosciencesComputational BiologyPattern recognitionIndependent component analysisData set2-STAGE LINEAR RECOVERYChromatic adaptationlcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinessPhotic StimulationMathematicsNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Implementations of a novel algorithm for colour constancy

1997

AbstractIn agreement with the principles of the relativistic model proposed by Creutzfeldtet al., with the photometric rule (lightness anchoring rule) and with the influence of simultaneous contrast in the appearance of a visual scene, we propose a first-stage mechanism yielding substantial colour constancy. We have defined a set of first-stage colour descriptors, and to test their utility, we have performed a simulation using a Machine Vision System (MVS). The statistical stability of the descriptors for Munsell samples under different illuminants is good.

LightnessColor visionComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectModels NeurologicalComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONAdaptation (eye)Colour constancySet (abstract data type)OpticsHumansContrast (vision)media_commonbusiness.industryChromatic adaptationPattern recognitionComputer simulationSensory SystemsMachine vision systemOphthalmologySpectrophotometryPhotometric ruleChromatic adaptationSimultaneous contrastArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsColor PerceptionVision Research
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Asymmetric colour matching: memory matching versus simultaneous matching

2001

We have compared corresponding pairs obtained by simultaneous matching (haploscopic matching) and by memory matching (after 10 min) using 34 reference tests selected from the Munsell Atlas (glossy), belonging to the four main hues 5Y, 5G, 5PB, and 5RP. These colours lie very close to the F1 and F2 axes in the SVF space, where we have analyzed our results. Illuminants D65 and A were used as reference and matching illuminants, respectively. Our results show for both kinds of matching a tendency to select more colourful colours than the original ones, with significant differences between matching and test colours, whereas hue does not seem to follow a definite pattern. This behavior is similar…

LightnessSVF spaceMatching (statistics)business.industryGeneral Chemical EngineeringColour matchingHuman Factors and ErgonomicsPattern recognitionStandard illuminantGeneral ChemistryColour memoryCorresponding pairsArtificial intelligenceBest matchingbusinessAlgorithmMemory matchingSimultaneous matchingHueMathematicsÓptica
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Learning vector quantization with alternative distance criteria

2003

An adaptive algorithm for training of a nearest neighbour (NN) classifier is developed in this paper. This learning rule has some similarity to the well-known LVQ method, but uses the nearest centroid neighbourhood concept to estimate optimal locations of the codebook vectors. The aim of this approach is to improve the performance of the standard LVQ algorithms when using a very small codebook. The behaviour of the learning technique proposed here is experimentally compared to those of the plain k-NN decision rule and the LVQ algorithms.

Linde–Buzo–Gray algorithmLearning vector quantizationArtificial neural networkAdaptive algorithmbusiness.industryCodebookVector quantizationPattern recognitionDecision ruleMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONLearning ruleArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerMathematicsProceedings 10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
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Some properties and applications of local second-order characteristics for spatio-temporal point processes on networks

2021

Point processes on linear networks are increasingly being considered to analyse events occurring on particular network-based structures. In this work, we extend Local Indicators of Spatio-Temporal Association (LISTA) functions to the non-Euclidean space of linear networks, allowing to obtain information on how events relate to nearby events. In particular, we propose the local version of two inhomogeneous second-order statistics for spatio-temporal point processes on linear networks, the K- and the pair correlation functions. We also show that these LISTA functions are useful for diagnostics of models specified on the networks, and can be helpful to assess the goodness-of-fit of different s…

Linear networks Local properties Residual analysis Second-order characteristics Spatio-temporal point patternsSettore SECS-S/01 - Statistica
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