Search results for "pause"

2015

Abstract. Recent studies on the formation of a quasi-permanent layer of enhanced static stability above the thermal tropopause revealed the contributions of dynamical and radiative processes. Dry dynamics lead to the evolution of a tropopause inversion layer (TIL) which is, however, too weak compared to observations and thus diabatic contributions are required. In this study we aim to assess the importance of diabatic as well as mixing processes in the understanding of TIL formation at midlatitudes. The non-hydrostatic model COSMO is applied in an idealized mid-latitude channel configuration to simulate baroclinic life cycles. The effect of individual diabatic, i.e. related to humidity and …

Identification and climatology of cut-off lows near the tropopause.

2008

Cut-off low pressure systems (COLs) are defined as closed lows in the upper troposphere that have become completely detached from the main westerly current. These slow-moving systems often affect the weather conditions at the earth's surface and also work as a mechanism of mass transfer between the stratosphere and the troposphere, playing a significant role in the net flow of tropospheric ozone. In the first part of this work we provide a comprehensive summary of results obtained in previous studies of COLs. Following this, we present three long-term climatologies of COLs. The first two climatologies are based on the conceptual model of a COL, using European Centre for Medium-range Weather…

Review & meta-analysis: isopropanolic black cohosh extract iCR for menopausal symptoms - an update on the evidence

2020

A systematic literature search revealed 35 clinical studies and one meta-analysis comprising 43,759 women, of which 13,096 were treated with isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa extract (iCR). Compared to placebo, iCR was significantly superior for treating neurovegetative and psychological menopausal symptoms, with a standardized mean difference of 0.694 in favor of iCR (p<0.0001). Effect sizes were larger when higher dosages of iCR as monotherapy or in combination with St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum [HP]) were given ( 1.020 and 0.999, respectively), suggesting a dose-depend- ency. For psychological symptoms, the iCRþHP combination was superior to iCR monotherapy. Efficacy of iCR was c…

Isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa is favorable on bone markers but neutral on an osteoblastic cell line

2009

Postmenopausal women treated with an isopropanolic extract of Cimicifuga racemosa underwent a decrease in the urinary concentration of N-telopeptides, a marker of bone resorption, and an increase in alkaline phosphatase, a marker of bone formation, at the third month of therapy. Serum from treated women did not modify the activity of alkaline phosphatase or the expression of three genes, runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2), alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin, when added to the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line.

Alterations in Circulating miRNA Levels following Early-Stage Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Resection in Post-Menopausal Women

2014

INTRODUCTION: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit remarkable stability and may serve as biomarkers in several clinical cancer settings. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the levels of specific circulating miRNA following breast cancer surgery and evaluate whether these alterations were also observed in an independent data set.METHODS: Global miRNA analysis was performed on prospectively collected serum samples from 24 post-menopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer before surgery and 3 weeks after tumor resection using global LNA-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).RESULTS: Numbers of specific miRNAs detected in the samples ranged fro…

International consensus and practical guidelines on the gynecologic and obstetric management of female patients with hereditary angioedema caused by …

2012

Background There are a limited number of publications on the management of gynecologic/obstetric events in female patients with hereditary angioedema caused by C1 inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1-INH). Objective We sought to elaborate guidelines for optimizing the management of gynecologic/obstetric events in female patients with HAE-C1-INH. Methods A roundtable discussion took place at the 6th C1 Inhibitor Deficiency Workshop (May 2009, Budapest, Hungary). A review of related literature in English was performed. Results Contraception : Estrogens should be avoided. Barrier methods, intrauterine devices, and progestins can be used. Pregnancy : Attenuated androgens are contraindicated and should …

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a hypopressive exercise program on postmenopausal cancer survivors: A pilot study.

2020

Abstract Background Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common symptom during and after cancer treatment that negatively affects the patient's quality of life. Exercise is one of the most effective non-pharmacological treatments for CRF. Multimodal exercise therapy programs that include hypopressive exercises, relaxation and myofascial release may be beneficial for CRF. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a multimodal program on CRF and lower limb functional strength in postmenopausal women diagnosed with cancer. Methods 7 postmenopausal women (age = 55.28 years; BMI = 26.05 kg/m2) who had a cancer diagnosis participated in a supervised and progressive …

The beneficial effects of therapeutic craniofacial massage on quality of life, mental health and menopausal symptoms and body image: A randomized con…

2020

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effect of massage in the craniofacial area in menopausal women after the treatment and one month after its completion, and to measure its influence on quality of life in relation to symptoms of menopause, mental health, and body image perception. Design 50 participants with menopause, aged 45–65 years, participated in a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: craniofacial massage group (CMG), who received massage treatment (n = 25), and control group (CG), without treatment (n = 25). Prior to randomization, all participants provided demographic and clinical information. Q…

The mediterranean diet and menopausal health: An EMAS position statement

2020

Introduction: Globally, 985 million women are aged 50 and over, leading to increasing concerns about chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, dementia, and cognitive decline, which can adversely affect quality of life and independent living.Aim: To evaluate the evidence from observational studies and randomized trials on the effects of the Mediterranean diet on short- and long-term menopausal health: estrogen deficiency symptoms, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive and mental health, breast cancer, and all-cause mortality.Materials and methods: Literature review and consensus of expert opinion.Summary recommendations: The Mediterranean diet is a non-restr…

Quantitative View on the Processes Governing the Upscale Error Growth up to the Planetary Scale Using a Stochastic Convection Scheme

2019

Abstract Two diagnostics based on potential vorticity and the envelope of Rossby waves are used to investigate upscale error growth from a dynamical perspective. The diagnostics are applied to several cases of global, real-case ensemble simulations, in which the only difference between the ensemble members lies in the random seed of the stochastic convection scheme. Based on a tendency equation for the enstrophy error, the relative importance of individual processes to enstrophy-error growth near the tropopause is quantified. After the enstrophy error is saturated on the synoptic scale, the envelope diagnostic is used to investigate error growth up to the planetary scale. The diagnostics re…